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Jute fiber
 Jute is a long , soft , shiny vegetable fiber that can be spun into
coarse. jute is a member of best fiber . Jute is also known as golden
fiber . In contrast to most taxtile fiber which consist mainly cellulose
. Jute fiber part cellulose and part lignin . Jute is therefor partly a
wood . It has high tensely , strength , low extensibility and ensures
better breath ability of fabrics . Jute fiber is 100% bio-degradable and
recyclable and thus environmentally friendly.

Major jute growing countries
 Jute is a caltivated on a large scale (65-70%) in Bangladesh
 India
 Africa
 Brazil
 Indo-china
 Japan
 Mayanmer
 Nepal

Classification of jute plant
 There are 40 species of jute in where following 6 species are
common:
 Corchorus capsularis
 Corchorus olitorius
 Corchorus fuscus
 Corchorus decumanglatus
 Corchorus monpoxensis
 Corchorus japanicus

Types of jute
Jute products fall into our classes of manufacture:
 HESSIAN OR BURLAP
 SACKING
 CANVAS
 JUTE YARN AND TWINE

Jute cultivation
 Jute is a rainy season crop , sown from march to may occording
to rainfall and type of land . It is harvested from june to
September depending upon whether the sowing ar early or late.

Grading of jute
 By the term grading of jute we mean the assortment of raw jute
according to their quality . Fiber characteristics which
influences grading of jute to higher or low standard are –
 Length
 Strength
 Fineness
 Uniformity in color
 Cleanliness

Chemical composition
 Cellulose = 65.2%
 Hemi cellulose = 22.2%
 Lignin = 10.8%
 Fats and wax = 0.3%
 Water = 1.5%

Chemical structure
 Jute is a cellulose fiber . Its repeating unit is cellubiose , jute is
composed of 65% cellulose and 35% natural waxes , oils and
lignin.

Micro properties of jute fiber
 Ultimate length = 1.5 to 4mm
 Diamiter = 0.015 to 0.002mm
 Length = 150-300cm
 Length width ratio = 90:1 contain 6 to 20 ultimate in cross
section .
 Color = yellow to brown to grey
 Cross-section = oval

Physical properties of jute fiber
parameters values/result
tenacity 3.4-4.5
length 0.2-30inch
Stretch and elasticity Not good
resiliency Not very good
Abrasion resistance Relatively good
Moisture regain 13.75%
Specific gravity 1.48-1.50
Dimensional stability good
Color Yellowish,yellow,brown,golden
Heat resistance good
Specific heat 0.324
Diamiter 18 micron

Chemical Properties of Jute Fibre
Constituents
(in % of Bone Dry Weight of the
Fibre)
Jute
C. capsularis C. olitorius
Alphacellulose 60.0 – 63.0 58.0 - 59.0
Hemicellulose 21.0 – 24.0 22.0 – 25.0
Lignin 12.0 – 13.0 13.0 – 14.0
Fats & Waxes 0.4 – 1.0 0.4 – 0.9
Pectin 0.2 – 1.5 0.2 – 0.5
Proteins / Nitrogenous matter, etc. 0.80 – 1.9 0.8 – 1.6
Ash 0.7 – 1.2 0.5 – 1.2
Thechemical composition of jute fibres and sticks are given in the
following tables
Table: Chemical composition of jute fibre

Table: Chemical composition of jute sticks
Constituents Jute Stick (in % of Bone
Dry Weight of the Fibre)
Alphacellulose 40.8-47.5
Hemicellulose 23.0-23.6
Acetyl Content 3.6-4.7
Lignin 22.2-23.5
Fats & Waxes 1.7-2.4
Pectin 0.5-0.7
Ash 0.6-0.8

Defects of jute fiber
 Rooty fiber : this problem is caused by improper decomposition or
retting of jute .
 Specky fiber : improper retting and washing causes foreign materials
to stuck with the fiber and spot is created .
 Croppy fiber : the fiber is the top of the plant become sticky and
rough . If the plants don’t immerse in to the water properly while
retting can cause this problem .
 Weak fiber : over ratting ,bundling in wet condition storing for long
time reduces fiber strength can cause this problem .
 Sticky fiber : if fiber is collected from immature plant the stick of the
plant may come with the fiber while fiber collected .

Uses of Jute
 Twine and Rope. A very popular use: jute fibers are used alone
or blended with other types of fibers to make twine and rope.

Paper- Jute fibers can be turned into pulp and paper and with
increasing concern over forest destruction for the wood pulp
used to make most paper, the importance of jute for this
purpose may increase.
Fabrics. Jute can be used for Hessian cloth, sacking, scrim,
carpet backing cloth (CBC), canvas and even blended to
make silk. Hessian, lighter than sacking, is used for bags,
wrappers, wall-coverings, upholstery, and home furnishings.
Sacking, a fabric made of heavy jute fibers, has its use in the
name. CBC made of jute comes in two types.

Floor coverings consist of woven, tufted and piled carpets.
Jute non-wovens and composites can be used for underlay,
linoleum substrate, and more.

JUTE PRODUCTION
 Jute can be grown in 4–6 months with a huge
amount of cellulose being produced from the
jute hurd that can meet most of the wood needs
of the world. Jute is the major crop among
others that is able to protect deforestation. Jute
is one of the most environmentally-friendly
fibers. The expired fibers can be recycled more
than once.

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Jute fiber

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