Roman numerals use letters from the English alphabet to represent values. I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000. Lesser values are subtracted from greater values if written before, and added if after. Only I, X, C, and M can be repeated up to 3 times. Roman numerals are read left to right from larger to smaller values.
3. Roman Numerals
It is based on the
letters of English
alphabets, which are
combined to signify
their values.
4. Symbol I V X L C D M
Value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
The basic symbols used by Roman
to write their numerals were
7 English letters.
5. Roman numerals read from left to right,
larger values to the left and work to the
smaller values on the right.
CV = 100+5 = 105
LXI = 50 + 10 + 1 = 61
A symbol can be repeated three times.
III = 1+1+1= 3
XXX = 10+10+10 = 30
Only I, X, C and M can be repeated.
Some Basic Rules
6. If a lesser symbol is before a greater
symbol, the lesser is subtracted from the
greater. For example,
IV= (5-1) =4
XC = (100-10) = 90
CM = (1000-100)= 900
If a lesser symbol is after a greater
symbol, the two values are added. For
example,
VI=( 5 + 1 ) = 6
LXXX = (50+10+10+10) =80
MCC = (1000+100+100)= 1200
7. The number zero did
not have its own
Roman numeral.
Only I, X , C can be
subtracted,
V, L and D can not be
subtracted.
Subtracted only one
number from another.
9. The value of
XVIII = 10 + 5 + 1 +1+1 18
CCLX = 100+100+50+10= 260
MCLIV = 1000+100+50+4=1154
DCCIX= 500+100+100+9=709
11. Fill in the blanks using Roman Numerals
I was born in the year .
The year in progress is .
India got freedom in the year ..
Mahatma Gandhi was born in .
Your examination roll no is ..
Our body has no of bones.
12. Which of the following Roman Numerals
are meaningless?
IC IIXV IVC
XCV XCIX