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Kampung Jayengaten

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Tjahjono Rahardjo
Tjahjono Rahardjo

1) Kampung Jayengaten was a kampung (urban settlement) in Semarang, Indonesia that emerged in the 1980s after the landowner Tasripin rented the land to tenants. 2) In the 2000s, a developer wanted to acquire the land to build a hotel parking lot. This led to a long legal and social conflict as the residents refused to leave. 3) After years of demonstrations, court battles, and intimidation tactics against the residents, they eventually agreed to leave in 2006. However, five landowners who owned parts of the land remained as an obstacle. The kampung residents thus lost their long fight against redevelopment.

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International workshop Indonesian urban kampongs: targets of state policy or abandoned zones, Surabaya, 19-22 January 2010 Kampung Jayengaten: The emergence and disappearance of a kampung in Semarang Tjahjono Rahardjo (Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata) Siti Rahma Mary Herwati (Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Semarang)
Outline Background Tasripin Kampung Jayengaten Emergence and consolidation Conflict Eviction and terror Conclusion
Background Semarang became a significant port city after Sunan Amangkurat II of Mataram ceded it in 1678 to the United Dutch East Indian Company (VOC) Semarang became a trade centre and the seat of the governor of Javas northeast coast By mid 18th century, Semarang became one of the most important port cities in Java, second only to Batavia
Background As a trading centre, Semarang grew rapidly; in the beginning of the 19th century, its population was 22,000 By the turn of the 20th century the population of Semarang had reached 97,000 people This rapid population growth created its own problems
Background The influx of people, mostly Indonesians, caused the native settlements to became more crowded and living conditions in them worsened T hey evolved into kampungs (spontaneous, overcrowded and under serviced urban settlements)
Tasripin (died 1919) One of the richest people in Semarang, Tasripin owned large tracts of properties in central and northern Semarang, one of them was Kampung Jayengaten
Kampung Jayengaten In the 1980s Tasripin rented out Jayengaten (5440 sqm) to tenants who build their houses on it Between 1974 and 1989 part of the land (1366 sqm) was bought by five residents. The remaining 4074 sqm was bought by Hendra Soegiarto Hendra needed the land for a hotel car park
Kampung Jayengaten The 50 tenants were ordered to leave, but because the rent agreement between them and Tasripins heirs was still effective, they refused
Kampung Jayengaten Hendra used legal as well as non-legal measures to force the tenants to move out The people fought back in court They also forged alliances with students and other civil society organizations. They conducted demonstrations, petitioned local legislators, made statements to the media, and declared that they would boycott the general elections
Kampung Jayengaten After a long and protracted battle, a series of meetings were held in May and June 2006 mediated by the Vice Mayor of Semarang. Eventually, the residents agreed to move out But there are still the five landowners who remain an obstacle in the development of the car park Now, they are terrorized to the extent that they will have to sell their land
Conclusion The story of Jayengaten is not unique, as private investors are often given preferential treatment At best, the government believes that bringing in more investments will automatically bring welfare to the people But in some cases, attracting more investment is seen as an opportunity to make shady dealings with investors
After years of turmoil, the residents of Jayengaten lost their battle, and now, have moved out of their kampung .
Entrance to Kampung Jayengaten
Pile driving and damaged house
Two of the four remaining houses
Access road, barely wide enough for two people to pass
Wall terror
The mosque, now located within the car park
Executive Lounge, Hotel Gumaya. Kampung Jayengaten can be seen from the terrace
Presidential Suite, Hotel Gumaya. Kampung Jayengaten is clearly visible from its windows.

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Kampung Jayengaten

  • 1. International workshop Indonesian urban kampongs: targets of state policy or abandoned zones, Surabaya, 19-22 January 2010 Kampung Jayengaten: The emergence and disappearance of a kampung in Semarang Tjahjono Rahardjo (Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata) Siti Rahma Mary Herwati (Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Semarang)
  • 2. Outline Background Tasripin Kampung Jayengaten Emergence and consolidation Conflict Eviction and terror Conclusion
  • 3. Background Semarang became a significant port city after Sunan Amangkurat II of Mataram ceded it in 1678 to the United Dutch East Indian Company (VOC) Semarang became a trade centre and the seat of the governor of Javas northeast coast By mid 18th century, Semarang became one of the most important port cities in Java, second only to Batavia
  • 4. Background As a trading centre, Semarang grew rapidly; in the beginning of the 19th century, its population was 22,000 By the turn of the 20th century the population of Semarang had reached 97,000 people This rapid population growth created its own problems
  • 5. Background The influx of people, mostly Indonesians, caused the native settlements to became more crowded and living conditions in them worsened T hey evolved into kampungs (spontaneous, overcrowded and under serviced urban settlements)
  • 6. Tasripin (died 1919) One of the richest people in Semarang, Tasripin owned large tracts of properties in central and northern Semarang, one of them was Kampung Jayengaten
  • 7. Kampung Jayengaten In the 1980s Tasripin rented out Jayengaten (5440 sqm) to tenants who build their houses on it Between 1974 and 1989 part of the land (1366 sqm) was bought by five residents. The remaining 4074 sqm was bought by Hendra Soegiarto Hendra needed the land for a hotel car park
  • 8. Kampung Jayengaten The 50 tenants were ordered to leave, but because the rent agreement between them and Tasripins heirs was still effective, they refused
  • 9. Kampung Jayengaten Hendra used legal as well as non-legal measures to force the tenants to move out The people fought back in court They also forged alliances with students and other civil society organizations. They conducted demonstrations, petitioned local legislators, made statements to the media, and declared that they would boycott the general elections
  • 10. Kampung Jayengaten After a long and protracted battle, a series of meetings were held in May and June 2006 mediated by the Vice Mayor of Semarang. Eventually, the residents agreed to move out But there are still the five landowners who remain an obstacle in the development of the car park Now, they are terrorized to the extent that they will have to sell their land
  • 11. Conclusion The story of Jayengaten is not unique, as private investors are often given preferential treatment At best, the government believes that bringing in more investments will automatically bring welfare to the people But in some cases, attracting more investment is seen as an opportunity to make shady dealings with investors
  • 12. After years of turmoil, the residents of Jayengaten lost their battle, and now, have moved out of their kampung .
  • 13. Entrance to Kampung Jayengaten
  • 14. Pile driving and damaged house
  • 15. Two of the four remaining houses
  • 16. Access road, barely wide enough for two people to pass
  • 18. The mosque, now located within the car park
  • 19. Executive Lounge, Hotel Gumaya. Kampung Jayengaten can be seen from the terrace
  • 20. Presidential Suite, Hotel Gumaya. Kampung Jayengaten is clearly visible from its windows.