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Water is essential for life and covers much of the Earth's surface, though most is saline and found in oceans, while freshwater exists as ice, in lakes, rivers and underground. All living things need water to survive as it is crucial for biological and cellular processes. The amount of water in an area along with temperature and soil quality determines what types of species can live there and their populations. Water pollution occurs when harmful substances from sources like sewage, agriculture, factories and oil spills contaminate water supplies, negatively impacting both the environment and human health.
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- 1. Water A wonder liquid
- 2. A very large area of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Water is also found inside the earth, in the atmosphere as water vapour. The water in seas and oceans is saline. Fresh water is found in rivers, lakes, ponds and as ice and snow at the poles and mountains in cold regions.
- 3. Water is needed by living organisms because all life processes and cellular activities need water. So all organisms need water to survive. The amount of water and other factors like temperature and nature of soil decides the diversity of species and the number of individuals of each species in an area
- 5. Sewage (Wastewater) Underground storage leakages and oil pollution Atmospheric deposition and Global warming Industrial waste
- 6. The increase in the content of harmful substances in water is called water pollution. Water pollution is caused by addition of harmful substances like fertilisers and pesticides from farms, sewage from towns, cities and factories, harmful chemicals from factories
- 9. Industrial waste… • Many industries use freshwater as a source to carry away harmful chemicals and waste away from the plant and dump them into rivers, lakes and oceans. .
- 11. Underground storage leakages and oil pollution… • Underground storage tanks often store substances like petroleum. If UST’s made from steel pipes are directly exposed to the environment, the steel can corrode and cause leakages, affecting surrounding soil and groundwater.