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www.data61.csiro.au
CADEminer: A System for Mining
Consumer Reports on Adverse Drug
Side Effects
Sarvnaz Karimi
Alejandro Metke-Jimenez
Anthony Nguyen
October 2015
May cause
Dizziness
Blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
Red, irritated eyes
Unable to move or feel face
Mental depression

May cause
[We dont know yet!]
CADEminer | Sarvnaz Karimi
Medications & adverse reactions come
in one package
2 |
Possible side effects
.
Treats .
Possible side effects
.
Treats .
Safety signal detection
Traditional approach:
Uses formal reports from pharmaceutical
companies, healthcare professionals, or
consumers, aggregates them and then decides
whether they contain a signal.
Drawbacks:
 Severe under-reporting
 Difficult to detect early signals
 Barriers of entry (how/where to report)
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi3 |
Safety signal detection using social media
 Sharing information through medical forums is
 Public & interactive
 Popular: Side effects and other experiences with drugs are
commonly discussed
 Scalable: Several orders of magnitude higher than formal
reporting
 Low barrier to entry
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi4 |
CADEminer: CSIRO Adverse Drug Event
miner
Goal: A system to mine drug user reviews from medical
forums for reports of side effects in order to assist in
generating safety signals.
Challenge: Filtering the noisy text to find relevant side
effects and context where the side effect occurred for a
given drug
Unsolved problem: How to generate a safety signal from
such a low quality data
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi5 |
Concept extraction
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi6 |
Identify spans of text that mention
 drugs
 adverse events or side effects
 diseases
 symptoms
 findings
Method: CRFs
Accuracy: 98% for drug names and 90% for the rest on
CADEC dataset of 1250 forum posts
Forum: Askapatient
Concept normalisation
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi7 |
Normalise the extracted concepts to a standard form in
AMT, SNOMED CT or MedDRA.
Demerol/Pethidine/Meperidine Pethidine (AMT)
Hunger pangs Pain hunger (MedDRA)
Method: Used Ontoserver &
in-house mapping of
SNOMED CT to MedDRA
Accuracy:
92% for drugs to AMT
67% for other concepts
Searching for possible signals
Aggregate all the information found on each drug
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi8 |
Aggregation and matching methods
Filtering:
 Relation extraction to correctly associate a side effect to a drug
Aggregation:
 Pre-processing techniques (spell checking, stemming and stopping)
 Heuristic rules (e.g., charley horse  muscle cramp)
 Those concepts that are normalized to the same SNOMED CT/MedDRA
entries are grouped together (e.g., vomiting and throw up)
Matching:
 Search in drug product information
 evaluation: MRR 0.34
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi9 |
CADEMiner architecture
CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi10 |
www.data61.csiro.au
Sarvnaz Karimi
Research Scientist
t +61 2 9372 4353
e sarvnaz.karimi@csiro.au
w www.data61.csiro.au
Thank you
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Karimi esair2015

  • 1. www.data61.csiro.au CADEminer: A System for Mining Consumer Reports on Adverse Drug Side Effects Sarvnaz Karimi Alejandro Metke-Jimenez Anthony Nguyen October 2015
  • 2. May cause Dizziness Blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin Red, irritated eyes Unable to move or feel face Mental depression May cause [We dont know yet!] CADEminer | Sarvnaz Karimi Medications & adverse reactions come in one package 2 | Possible side effects . Treats . Possible side effects . Treats .
  • 3. Safety signal detection Traditional approach: Uses formal reports from pharmaceutical companies, healthcare professionals, or consumers, aggregates them and then decides whether they contain a signal. Drawbacks: Severe under-reporting Difficult to detect early signals Barriers of entry (how/where to report) CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi3 |
  • 4. Safety signal detection using social media Sharing information through medical forums is Public & interactive Popular: Side effects and other experiences with drugs are commonly discussed Scalable: Several orders of magnitude higher than formal reporting Low barrier to entry CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi4 |
  • 5. CADEminer: CSIRO Adverse Drug Event miner Goal: A system to mine drug user reviews from medical forums for reports of side effects in order to assist in generating safety signals. Challenge: Filtering the noisy text to find relevant side effects and context where the side effect occurred for a given drug Unsolved problem: How to generate a safety signal from such a low quality data CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi5 |
  • 6. Concept extraction CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi6 | Identify spans of text that mention drugs adverse events or side effects diseases symptoms findings Method: CRFs Accuracy: 98% for drug names and 90% for the rest on CADEC dataset of 1250 forum posts Forum: Askapatient
  • 7. Concept normalisation CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi7 | Normalise the extracted concepts to a standard form in AMT, SNOMED CT or MedDRA. Demerol/Pethidine/Meperidine Pethidine (AMT) Hunger pangs Pain hunger (MedDRA) Method: Used Ontoserver & in-house mapping of SNOMED CT to MedDRA Accuracy: 92% for drugs to AMT 67% for other concepts
  • 8. Searching for possible signals Aggregate all the information found on each drug CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi8 |
  • 9. Aggregation and matching methods Filtering: Relation extraction to correctly associate a side effect to a drug Aggregation: Pre-processing techniques (spell checking, stemming and stopping) Heuristic rules (e.g., charley horse muscle cramp) Those concepts that are normalized to the same SNOMED CT/MedDRA entries are grouped together (e.g., vomiting and throw up) Matching: Search in drug product information evaluation: MRR 0.34 CADEminer| Sarvnaz Karimi9 |
  • 11. www.data61.csiro.au Sarvnaz Karimi Research Scientist t +61 2 9372 4353 e sarvnaz.karimi@csiro.au w www.data61.csiro.au Thank you