Kingdom protista
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Protists have more complex structures and functions than bacteria, including specialized organelles. They can be classified as plantlike, funguslike, or animal-like. Three groups of algae - green algae, kelp, and red coral algae - are considered plantlike protists. Plantlike protists also include phytoplankton like euglena and diatoms that provide food for aquatic animals. Funguslike protists break down dead organic matter as saprophytes. Animal-like protists, also called protozoans, are heterotrophic and include zooflagellates, sporozoa, and ciliates like trypanosoma, amoeba, plasmodium,
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The term "algae" refers to a class of mostly watery, photosynthetic, and nucleus-bearing organisms that lack the real roots, stalks, and leaves of plants as well as their specialized multicellular reproductive systems.
What are Algae?
In addition to ponds, brackish waterways, and even snow, seaweed may be found in rivers, lakes, seas, and ponds. seaweed are often green, although they can also be found in other hues. For instance, the carotenoid pigments and chlorophyll present in the seaweed that live in snow give the surrounding snow its unique red colo The name "alga" refers to a huge and extraordinarily diversified class of eukaryotic, photosynthetic lifeforms. These species are not linked to one another (polyphyletic) since they do not have a common ancestor.
Giant kelp and brown algae are two examples of multicellular algae. Examples of unicellular organisms include dinoflagellates, euglenophytes, and diatoms.
Since most algae need a moist or wet environment to thrive, they can be found everywhere near or inside water bodies. They have anatomical similarities with the land plants, a significant group of photosynthetic creatures. The distinctions stop there since seaweed lack many of the structural elements that are generally seen in plants, such as real stems, shoots, and leaves. Additionally, they lack the vascular tissues needed to transport vital nutrients and water throughout their bodies.
Characteristics of Seaweed
Plants and animals share specific general properties of seaweed.
Eukaryotic cells make up seaweed. Algae, for example, may photosynthesize like plants and have specialized cell organelles like centrioles and flagella that are exclusively found in animals. Manna's, cellulose, and Galatians make up the algal cell walls. Some of the general characteristics of algae are listed below.
Seaweed are photosynthetic organisms
Seaweed can be either unicellular or multicellular organisms
Seaweed lack a well-defined body, so, structures like roots, stems or leaves are absent
seaweed are found where there is adequate moisture.
Reproduction in algae occurs in both asexual and sexual forms. Asexual reproduction occurs by spore formation.
Seaweed are free-living, although some can form a symbiotic relationship with other organisms.
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Algae come in a variety of varieties. But these are a few of the more well-known kinds:
Red Scum
It is a peculiar species that is also known as Rhodophyta, and it may be found in both freshwater and marine settings. The distinctive red hue of the algae is caused by the pigments phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. There are other pigments that give things their green hue, such chlorophyll a. But neither beta-carotene nor chlorophyll B are present.
Green Algae
It is a large, loosely organized collection of scum that include the essential pigments for photosynthetic activity, chlorophylls A and B, as well as auxiliary pigments like xanthophyll's and beta carotene.
Green scum carAlgae.pdf
Algae.pdfSumanRiaz5
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The term "algae" refers to a class of mostly watery, photosynthetic, and nucleus-bearing organisms that lack the real roots, stalks, and leaves of plants as well as their specialized multicellular reproductive systems.Algae.pdf
Algae.pdfSumanRiaz5
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The term "algae" refers to a class of mostly watery, photosynthetic, and nucleus-bearing organisms that lack the real roots, stalks, and leaves of plants as well as their specialized multicellular reproductive systems.
What are Algae?
In addition to ponds, brackish waterways, and even snow, seaweed may be found in rivers, lakes, seas, and ponds. seaweed are often green, although they can also be found in other hues. For instance, the carotenoid pigments and chlorophyll present in the seaweed that live in snow give the surrounding snow its unique red color.Algae.pdf
Algae.pdfSumanRiaz5
Ìý
The term "algae" refers to a class of mostly watery, photosynthetic, and nucleus-bearing organisms that lack the real roots, stalks, and leaves of plants as well as their specialized multicellular reproductive systems.
What are Algae?
In addition to ponds, brackish waterways, and even snow, seaweed may be found in rivers, lakes, seas, and ponds. seaweed are often green, although they can also be found in other hues. For instance, the carotenoid pigments and chlorophyll present in the seaweed that live in snow give the surrounding snow its unique red color.Structure of algae.pptx
Structure of algae.pptxNithyaNandapal
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Algal structure, habit, habitat, size,
reproduction of algae, sexual and asexual methods, cellularityChapter-2 Biological classification notes
Chapter-2 Biological classification notesSP EduMo
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Kingdoms are the second highest rank in biological taxonomy. There are traditionally six kingdoms - Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea/Archaebacteria, and Bacteria/Eubacteria. However, some systems use five kingdoms excluding Archaea/Archaebacteria. The document then discusses Aristotle's early two-kingdom system and Linnaeus' two-kingdom system. It introduces Whittaker's influential five kingdom system of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia based on cell structure, nutrition, and other characteristics. Each kingdom is then described in more detail covering key defining features.biology.. kingdoms
biology.. kingdomsdjpprkut
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- The document describes the key characteristics of 6 kingdoms - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya, Protista, Fungi, and Plantae. It discusses whether each kingdom has a nucleus, cell wall, ability to photosynthesize or fix nitrogen.
- Organisms are classified into kingdoms based on attributes like cell structure, ability to produce their own food, and whether they are single or multicellular.
- The kingdoms include unicellular lifeforms like bacteria and archaea, as well as multicellular eukaryotes like plants, fungi and animals.Grade 9 ch 7
Grade 9 ch 7VRAJ22
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This document provides information on the classification of living organisms. It discusses the five kingdom system of classification developed by Robert Whittaker which includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Within the Plantae kingdom, plants are further divided into four divisions - thallophyta, bryophyta, pteridophyta, and spermatophyta - based on their vascular tissue and seeds. Angiosperms are the largest group of spermatophytes, having flowers and seeds enclosed within fruits.Protozoa
ProtozoaRachana Choudhary
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Protozoa (also protozoan, plural protozoans) is an informal term for a group of single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, which feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic tissues and debris.Diversityinlivingorganisms for class 9 by kr
Diversityinlivingorganisms for class 9 by krKrishna Raj
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1. This document discusses the classification of plants and animals according to their characteristics and evolutionary relationships.
2. It outlines the classification systems for the plant and animal kingdoms, dividing plants into cryptogams and phanerogams and further subclassifying them, and dividing animals into various phyla based on their features.
3. The classification systems aim to arrange diverse organisms in an orderly manner to facilitate the study of biological diversity.Chapter 3rd
Chapter 3rdTehminaNaz8
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This document discusses biodiversity and the classification of organisms. It begins by explaining that less than one third of Earth's estimated 10 million species have been studied. It then defines biodiversity and discusses the factors that influence it. The document outlines the five kingdom classification system and describes each kingdom. It explains the goals and principles of classification, including binomial nomenclature.More from maricarrdelmundo (12)
Level of classification
Level of classificationmaricarrdelmundo
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1) Early biologists like Aristotle did not classify microscopic organisms and grouped all life into two kingdoms: plants and animals.
2) In the 1700s, Linnaeus developed the system of binomial nomenclature and established the modern classification groups like kingdom, phylum, and class, but single-celled organisms remained unclassified.
3) In the 1800s, Haeckel proposed a third kingdom, Protista, to include single-celled organisms, and later scientists established separate kingdoms for Monera (bacteria), Fungi, and Archaea based on unique cellular structures and metabolic processes.Kingdom fungi
Kingdom fungimaricarrdelmundo
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Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll and true plant structures like roots, stems, and leaves. They obtain nutrients by absorbing them from other living or dead organisms. There are five main groups of fungi: Zygomycetes, which produce thick-coated zygospores like black bread mold; Ascomycetes, the largest group including many filamentous fungi that release spores from burst ascus structures; Basidiomycetes, containing common mushrooms that bear spores on gills under mushroom caps; Deuteromycetes or imperfect fungi, including sources of citric acid and penicillin; and Lichens, grayish encrustations on rocks and trees that are efficientKingdom animalia
Kingdom animaliamaricarrdelmundo
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Kingdom Animalia consists of multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophic. It is divided into vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. Mammals are warm-blooded and feed their young with milk, while birds have feathers and wings. Reptiles have scales and are cold-blooded. Amphibians live in water as larvae but live on land as adults. Invertebrates lack backbones and include groups such as arthropods, mollusks, and worms.Kingdom monera
Kingdom moneramaricarrdelmundo
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The document discusses the Kingdom Monera, which consists mainly of eubacteria and cyanobacteria. Eubacteria are heterotrophic organisms that are named according to their shape, including coccus (round), spirillum (spiral), and bacillus (rod-shaped). Cyanobacteria are autotrophic organisms commonly found in aquatic and terrestrial environments; they can exist as unicellular, colonial, or filamentous forms, and some can fix nitrogen through specialized cells called heterocysts.The male reproductive system
The male reproductive systemmaricarrdelmundo
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The male reproductive system consists of internal and external organs that work together to produce and transport sperm. The testes produce sperm in the seminiferous tubules and store it in the epididymis before it travels through the vas deferens. Other organs like the seminal vesicles and prostate gland add fluids to form semen, which is ejaculated through the urethra and penis during sexual intercourse. Testosterone controls the development of male sex characteristics.Skeletal system
Skeletal systemmaricarrdelmundo
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The skeletal system consists of 206 bones that provide structure and support to the body, protect internal organs, and allow for body movement. Bones are composed of both inorganic minerals and organic tissues and come in two types - compact bone, which is dense and strong, and spongy bone, found at the ends of bones. The skeletal system includes the axial skeleton of the skull, spine, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton of the limbs and their attachments. Joints like ball-and-socket, hinge, and pivot joints allow bones to move relative to one another.Muscular system
Muscular systemmaricarrdelmundo
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The muscular system is composed of over 600 muscles that make up half of our body weight. Muscles have properties of contractility, extensibility, elasticity, and irritability that allow them to contract and relax in response to stimuli. There are three main types of muscles - voluntary skeletal muscles that are attached to bones and move the skeleton, involuntary smooth muscles found in organs, and involuntary striated cardiac muscle that makes up the heart. Tendons attach muscles to bones to facilitate movement.Birth control
Birth controlmaricarrdelmundo
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This document discusses various methods of birth control. It categorizes methods as natural, artificial, or mechanical. Natural methods rely on tracking the menstrual cycle to avoid intercourse during ovulation. Artificial methods introduce hormones to prevent pregnancy, such as birth control pills or injectables. Mechanical methods use physical barriers like IUDs, condoms, or diaphragms to block sperm. More permanent options are also discussed, such as tubal ligation and vasectomy.Circulatory system
Circulatory systemmaricarrdelmundo
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The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through the blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells and pick up waste. It has four chambers - two collecting chambers called atria and two pumping chambers called ventricles. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium from the body and is pumped to the lungs by the right ventricle. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs and is pumped by the left ventricle throughout the body. Blood contains plasma and blood cells including red blood cells, which carry oxygen, white blood cells, which fight infection, and platelets, which help with clotting.Respiratory system
Respiratory systemmaricarrdelmundo
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The respiratory system allows for gas exchange between the external environment and tissues of the body. It involves two phases - external respiration where gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and blood, and internal respiration where gases are exchanged between the blood and body tissues. The main organs involved are the nose, nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli in the lungs. The lungs and respiratory tract work together to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide in a cyclic breathing process.Food and body nutrition
Food and body nutritionmaricarrdelmundo
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This document discusses nutrition and the essential nutrients needed for energy and body functioning. It defines food, nutrition, calories and major nutrient groups. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are described as nutrients that provide energy, along with foods rich in each. Water, minerals and vitamins are outlined as nutrients that do not directly provide energy but have other important roles, with examples of functions, deficiency signs and food sources.The digestive system
The digestive systemmaricarrdelmundo
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The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the body. It consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Accessory organs include salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. Food is mechanically and chemically broken down as it passes through the digestive tract, with enzymes and acids aiding in digestion at each step, until waste is excreted by the anus. Proper care of the digestive system involves eating a balanced diet, staying hydrated, exercising, monitoring for issues, and avoiding smoking.Kingdom protista
- 2. ï‚ž Protists has a more complex structure, function, behavior and ecology than bacteria ï‚ž They have specialized organelles for feeding, digestion, excretion, respiration, coordination, and locomotion ï‚ž They may be classified as plantlike, funguslike, or animal-like
- 3. ï‚ž Three groups of algae which where traditionally classified as plants are now considered as protist ï‚ž They represent the multicellular plant-like protist ï‚ž Protist are not considered as plants because they do not have structures that protect their gametes and zygote
- 4. ï‚ž They are not considered animals either, because they do not undergo embryonic development ï‚ž Neither they are not fungi because they do not have chitin in their cell walls as true fungi have
- 5. GREEN ALGAE
- 6. KELPS
- 8. PLANTLIKE PROTIST ï‚ž Phytoplanktons, a varied group of single- celled photosynthetic organisms that float near the surface of fresh and salty water ï‚ž Provide food for most aquatic animals
- 9. PLANTLIKE PROTIST ï‚ž Examples are euglena, dinoflagellates, golden-brown algae and diatoms
- 11. FUNGUSLIKE PROTIST ï‚ž They are saprophytic. ï‚ž They derived food and energy by breaking down dead organic matter ï‚ž Examples are slime molds
- 13. ANIMAL-LIKE PROTIST ï‚ž They are also called Protozoans ï‚ž They are all heterotrophic protists ï‚ž Animal-like protists includes zooflagellates (trypanosoma), sarcodina (amoeba), sporozoa (plasmodium) and ciliates (paramecium)
- 14. TRYPANOSOMA
- 15. AMOEBA
- 16. PLASMODIUM
- 17. PARAMECIUM