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Red Bell Pepper Cultivar Evaluations for the Fall Market
                                                  Wesley L. Kline孫 and C. Andrew Wyenandt族
      孫County Agricultural Agent, Rutgers Cooperative Extension of Cumberland County, 291 Morton Avenue, Millville, NJ 08332
      族Specialist in Vegetable Pathology, Rutgers Agricultural Research & Extension Center, 121 Northville Rd., Bridgeton, NJ 08302

                        ABSTRACT                                                                                                                               Fruit Cracking
                                                                                                                                            Night time relative humidity near saturation
      Red bell peppers have a premium in the market                                                                                         Fruit takes up more fluid than the skin is able to
place, but are difficult to grow under New Jersey conditions.                                                                                accommodate
The objective was to evaluate cultivars for acceptable fruit
                                                                                                                                            Poor fruit cover exacerbates disorder
quality and yield. Eighteen cultivars were transplanted on
July 1 into raised plastic covered beds with one drip line
placed between double rows. Rows were 12 inches apart
with 18 inches between plants and 5 ft. between beds in a
randomized complete block design with 4 replications.
Fruits were hand harvested and graded into size by weight.
Cultivars with significantly higher yields included Hunter
(1181 boxes/A), Socrates (1096 boxes/A), King Arthur
(1049 boxes/A), Patriot (1041 boxes/A), Paladin (1028
boxes/A), Red Knight (995 boxes/A), XPP 6001 (978
boxes/A), Aristotle (976 boxes/A), Alliance (950 boxes/A),
Classic (915 boxes/A), and 1819 (858 boxes/A).
                                                                                                                                                                    Pepper Stip
       Some Cultivars exhibited a physiological disorder
called stip (black spot or color spot). Stip appears when                                                                                 Round dark spots 1/16  1/4 inch and slightly sunken
temperatures just above freezing occur for several nights at                                                                                Black spot  exposure of fruit to temperatures just above
harvest. The cultivars which exhibited spip were Paladin,                                                                                    freezing for several nights around harvest
Classic, Red Bull, Revolution, Camelot (worst), Aristotle,                                                                                  Green pitting  associated with higher than normal calcium
Patriot and Vanguard. The other problem observed in the                                                                                      content of the fruit in the pitted area. Possible interaction
fall study was fruit cracking. This results from nighttime                                                                                   among calcium, nitrogen and potassium
relative humidity near saturation, thus the fruit cannot
expand rapidly and the fruit cracks. The cultivars observed
with cracks were Paladin, Socrates, Aristotle and Hunter.
These disorders would make the fruit unsalable for the
market.
       Cultivars which were recommended to growers for
their testing included Red Knight, King Arthur, Alliance, XPP
6001 and 1819.
                                                                                              Fruit Quality Table

                                                                   Variety   Fruit Recess Number Fruit Firmness Gloss L/D Wall thickness
                                                                             Color Shoulder Lobes Smooth              ratio   (mm)
                                                                 1819         4       8       4     5      7      6   1.05     6.54
                 Materials and Methods                                                                                                                             Recommended Cultivars
                                                                 Alliance     7       9       4     6      6      7   1.09     6.65
                                                                 Aristotle    3       7       3     5      7      5   1.18     6.65
   Plants were staked and tied placing a string on each         Camelot      4       4       4     6      7      6   1.26     6.18
    side of the plant for the first tie and box system for the   Classic      9       1       4     8      8      6   1.08     7.42
    second tie                                                   Crusader     4       3       4     6      6      6   1.05     6.13
   Fertilizer was applied preplant (30 lbs/A nitrogen) as       Festos       8       5       2     4      5      8   2.04     5.20
    the beds were being constructed and additional               Hunter       5       3       4     7      7      6   1.06     6.87
    fertilizer was applied through the drip weekly (5-0-10)      King Arthur  5       2       3     6      6      6   1.14     5.66
    for a total of 158 lbs/A nitrogen                                                                                                               Alliance                                King Arthur
                                                                 Paladin      3       5       4     5      6      8   1.07     6.17                 Harris Moran                               Seminis
   Weekly fungicide applications were carried out to            Patriot      5       4       4     6      6      6   1.14     6.47
    reduce the chance for Anthracnose development as
                                                                 Red Bull     5       3       4     5      6      4   1.11     6.35
    fruit was forming.       Insects were managed with
    insecticide injected through the drip line.                  Red Knight   4       6       4     6      7      7   1.01     6.22
                                                                 Revolution   5       6       3     4      6      6   1.16     6.15
   Peppers were harvested weekly for a total of eight
    times: September 2 through October 28                        Sir Galahad  5       6       4     5      7      6   1.11     7.04
                                                                 Socrates     4       8       4     5      6      6   1.03     5.88
   Fruit were graded by weight:
                                                                 Vanguard     3       8       4     7      7      6   1.03     6.81
           -Extra Large  0.5 lbs                                                                                                                                       Red Knight
                                                                 XPP 6001     4       3       4     6      6      6   1.09     6.13                                        Seminis
           -Large  0.33-0.49 lbs.
           -Medium  0.25-0.32 lbs.
           -Commercial  Misshapen
                                                                                              Fruit Quality Scale
           -Culls - <0.25 lbs, insect damage and diseased
   Yield data reported in 28 lbs/Box                                  Fruit Color:        1=orange       5=red      9=dark red
                                                                       Recess Shoulder :   1=slight       5=medium   9=deep
   At the 5th harvest, five extra large and large fruit were          Fruit Smooth:       1=very rough   5=medium   9=smooth
    randomly selected from each replication for fruit                  Firmness:           1=soft         5=medium   9=very firm                        1819                                 XPP 6001
    quality assessments.                                                                                                                               Seminis                                  Sakata
                                                                       Fruit Gloss:        1=dull         5=medium   9=shiny
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Kline red bell peppers

  • 1. Red Bell Pepper Cultivar Evaluations for the Fall Market Wesley L. Kline孫 and C. Andrew Wyenandt族 孫County Agricultural Agent, Rutgers Cooperative Extension of Cumberland County, 291 Morton Avenue, Millville, NJ 08332 族Specialist in Vegetable Pathology, Rutgers Agricultural Research & Extension Center, 121 Northville Rd., Bridgeton, NJ 08302 ABSTRACT Fruit Cracking Night time relative humidity near saturation Red bell peppers have a premium in the market Fruit takes up more fluid than the skin is able to place, but are difficult to grow under New Jersey conditions. accommodate The objective was to evaluate cultivars for acceptable fruit Poor fruit cover exacerbates disorder quality and yield. Eighteen cultivars were transplanted on July 1 into raised plastic covered beds with one drip line placed between double rows. Rows were 12 inches apart with 18 inches between plants and 5 ft. between beds in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Fruits were hand harvested and graded into size by weight. Cultivars with significantly higher yields included Hunter (1181 boxes/A), Socrates (1096 boxes/A), King Arthur (1049 boxes/A), Patriot (1041 boxes/A), Paladin (1028 boxes/A), Red Knight (995 boxes/A), XPP 6001 (978 boxes/A), Aristotle (976 boxes/A), Alliance (950 boxes/A), Classic (915 boxes/A), and 1819 (858 boxes/A). Pepper Stip Some Cultivars exhibited a physiological disorder called stip (black spot or color spot). Stip appears when Round dark spots 1/16 1/4 inch and slightly sunken temperatures just above freezing occur for several nights at Black spot exposure of fruit to temperatures just above harvest. The cultivars which exhibited spip were Paladin, freezing for several nights around harvest Classic, Red Bull, Revolution, Camelot (worst), Aristotle, Green pitting associated with higher than normal calcium Patriot and Vanguard. The other problem observed in the content of the fruit in the pitted area. Possible interaction fall study was fruit cracking. This results from nighttime among calcium, nitrogen and potassium relative humidity near saturation, thus the fruit cannot expand rapidly and the fruit cracks. The cultivars observed with cracks were Paladin, Socrates, Aristotle and Hunter. These disorders would make the fruit unsalable for the market. Cultivars which were recommended to growers for their testing included Red Knight, King Arthur, Alliance, XPP 6001 and 1819. Fruit Quality Table Variety Fruit Recess Number Fruit Firmness Gloss L/D Wall thickness Color Shoulder Lobes Smooth ratio (mm) 1819 4 8 4 5 7 6 1.05 6.54 Materials and Methods Recommended Cultivars Alliance 7 9 4 6 6 7 1.09 6.65 Aristotle 3 7 3 5 7 5 1.18 6.65 Plants were staked and tied placing a string on each Camelot 4 4 4 6 7 6 1.26 6.18 side of the plant for the first tie and box system for the Classic 9 1 4 8 8 6 1.08 7.42 second tie Crusader 4 3 4 6 6 6 1.05 6.13 Fertilizer was applied preplant (30 lbs/A nitrogen) as Festos 8 5 2 4 5 8 2.04 5.20 the beds were being constructed and additional Hunter 5 3 4 7 7 6 1.06 6.87 fertilizer was applied through the drip weekly (5-0-10) King Arthur 5 2 3 6 6 6 1.14 5.66 for a total of 158 lbs/A nitrogen Alliance King Arthur Paladin 3 5 4 5 6 8 1.07 6.17 Harris Moran Seminis Weekly fungicide applications were carried out to Patriot 5 4 4 6 6 6 1.14 6.47 reduce the chance for Anthracnose development as Red Bull 5 3 4 5 6 4 1.11 6.35 fruit was forming. Insects were managed with insecticide injected through the drip line. Red Knight 4 6 4 6 7 7 1.01 6.22 Revolution 5 6 3 4 6 6 1.16 6.15 Peppers were harvested weekly for a total of eight times: September 2 through October 28 Sir Galahad 5 6 4 5 7 6 1.11 7.04 Socrates 4 8 4 5 6 6 1.03 5.88 Fruit were graded by weight: Vanguard 3 8 4 7 7 6 1.03 6.81 -Extra Large 0.5 lbs Red Knight XPP 6001 4 3 4 6 6 6 1.09 6.13 Seminis -Large 0.33-0.49 lbs. -Medium 0.25-0.32 lbs. -Commercial Misshapen Fruit Quality Scale -Culls - <0.25 lbs, insect damage and diseased Yield data reported in 28 lbs/Box Fruit Color: 1=orange 5=red 9=dark red Recess Shoulder : 1=slight 5=medium 9=deep At the 5th harvest, five extra large and large fruit were Fruit Smooth: 1=very rough 5=medium 9=smooth randomly selected from each replication for fruit Firmness: 1=soft 5=medium 9=very firm 1819 XPP 6001 quality assessments. Seminis Sakata Fruit Gloss: 1=dull 5=medium 9=shiny