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8/17/2017 Tezpur University Assam Anjali Sharma 2

Define……..
Knowledge management (KM) is the process of
capturing, developing, sharing, and effectively using
organizational knowledge. It refers to a multi-
disciplinary approach to achieving organizational
objectives by making the best use of knowledge.

Sharing is the key
Knowledge management puts emphasis on
knowledge sharing. which is the key for
development of a society.

Mobilizes hidden knowledge
It tries to capture the hidden knowledge
within a person through capturing that
knowledge using different strategies.

Integrate knowledge to make
accessible
It integrates an organizations
knowledge which will help an organization
to foster more and would help them to
achieve their desired objectives.

Explicit Knowledge
This type of knowledge is formalized and codified, and is
sometimes referred to as know-what is fairly easy to identify,
store, and retrieve. This is the type of knowledge most easily
handled by KMS, which are very effective at facilitating the
storage, retrieval, and modification of documents and texts.
From a managerial perspective, the greatest challenge with
explicit knowledge is similar to information. It involves ensuring
that people have access to what they need; that important
knowledge is stored; and that the knowledge is reviewed,
updated, or discarded.
Explicit knowledge is found in: databases, memos, notes,
documents, etc. (Botha et al. 2008)

Definition of Explicit knowledge
1. It is precise and codifiable knowledge
2.It has its sources in formal
organisational documentation such as files , reports, regulation
etc.
3.Explicit know is easily communication and can easily transfer
between individual within organization
Nature of Explicit knowledge
1.It is formal knowledge
2.It is objective knowledge
3.It is tangible information
4.It is consciously accessible
5.It is easily transferable

Keys to Successful Knowledge
Management
• A key of successful knowledge management is developing an open
knowledge sharing culture and establishing processes linked to
appropriate technologies that facilities the sharing and exploitation
of all available information from all sources
3 key point for knowledge management
A useful knowledge management strategy must address the following
points:
• Cultivating a culture that encourages knowledge sharing,
• Understanding the need for intellectual property protection, and
• Devising a cohesive strategy for dissemination.

About tacit knowledge
• Tacit knowledge is also regarded as being the most valuable source of
knowledge, and the most likely to lead to breakthroughs in the
organization.
• KMS have a very hard time handling this type of knowledge. An IT system
relies on codification, which is something that is difficult/impossible for
the tacit knowledge holder.
• Virtually all practitioners rely on this type of knowledge. An IT specialist
for example will troubleshoot a problem based on his experience and
intuition. It would be very difficult for him to codify his knowledge into a
document that could convey his know-how to a beginner. This is one
reason why experience in a particular field is so highly regarded in the job
market.
• Tacit knowledge is found in: the minds of human stakeholders. It includes
cultural beliefs, values, attitudes, mental models, etc. as well as skills,
capabilities and expertise (Botha et al 2008

Meaning of tacit knowledge
It is the subjected dimension of the
knowledge “ people know more than he
will be able to tell”
Key points
• Not easy to communicate to others.
• Personally and socially embedded knowledge that
contains insights, in buses, feeling, imagination,
emotions etc.
• It is deeply rooted in an individuals experience
and consciousness and is fashioned by his/her
experience values and culture.
• Help individual to make sense of their world.

Nature of tacit knowledge
1. It is difficult to codify.
2.Often difficult to communicate and easy
sharing.
3.Store inside the people mind.
4.Socially constructed knowledge.
5.Subjective in nature.
6.Depend social/psychological dimension.
7.A mix of insight ,feelings ,images, values and believes.
8.Tacit knowledge is valuable and rich source of
knowledge.

MANAGING KNOWLEDGE
EFFECTIVELY
• Effective knowledge management is one of many
components of good management.In order to manage
knowledge effectively in an organistion,besides other
factors , special attention should be given to contextual
dimensions of organization such as strategy , technology
and culture.

HOW CAN WE ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES
WITH KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
• Effective knowledge management , using more
collective and systematic processes, will also reduce
our tendency to ‘repeat the same mistakes’. So it is
very easy to see how effective knowledge
management will greatly contribute to improve
excellence, which is to :
1. Dramatically reduce costs
2. Provide potential to expand and grow
3. Increase our value or profitability
4. Improve our products and services
5. Respond faster

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EXPLICIT &
TACIT KNOWLEDGE
EXPLICIT KNOWLEDGE TACIT KNOWLEDGE
1. Explicit knowledge is objective in
nature
1.Tacit knowledge is subjective in
nature
2.Explicit knowledge is tangible. 2.Tacit knowledge is intangible.
3.Explicit knowledge is easy to
communicate.
3.Tacit knowledge is difficult to
communicate.
4.Explicit knowledge is in the form of
precise and codifiable
4.Tacit knowledge is in the form of
social /psychological dimension
5.It is known as know-what. 5.It is sometimes referred to as know-
how.

KNOWLEDGE SHARING
1.Tacit knowledge is difficult to control in a
predictable manner
2.Hindrance:
As many people do not realize that whatever they
posses is property and province of employer. It
should be utilized to the welfare of the
organization. They may see it personal and private
and they may see no reason to share their
knowledge.

KEY FEATURES OF KNOWLEDGE
SHARING
• 1. It is task of manager to develop practices that
encourages knowledge sharing.
• 2. It is key aspect of quality improvement that
people can share their known expertise.
• 3. Key features :
A. building up trust
B. no blame culture
C. willingness to task risk
D. To learn from the mistake and failure

TECHNIQUES OF TACIT
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
1. Realising the potential knowledge,tasking and valuing human
resource in an organisation.
2. Listening the people,talk about their knowledge is one important
activity of an organization
3. Feedback session
4. Performance view
5.Exit interview
6.Open session
7. Club discussion
8. Interaction session

KEY FEATURES OF KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT
1. It is task of manager to develop practices that encourages
knowledge sharing
2. It is key aspect of quality improvement that people can share
their knowledge and expertise
3. Building up trust is also important in knowledge management
4. There should be no blame culture in the organisation
5. Willingness to take risk is also a key features of knowledge
management
6. To learn from mistakes and failure

KNOWLEDGE COMMUNITIES
1.Knowledge Communities are self organized
informal groups
2.Knowledge Communities are the groups of
like minded people who have met to share
experience.
3.They have many similarities with quality
team and circle. They differ from work team in
that they are not formed on task oriented team.
4.They are learning communities.

5.They have social meaning to members who
value the relationship formed in the
community.
6.They build around common purpose and
things that matters.
7.They involve the common pursuit of
problems and solutions.
8.They operate across function and divisions.
9.Have a life cycle which depends on the value
of the task of the group.

• Thus , Knowledge Communities use collective
intelligence, able to convert tacit knowledge to explicit
knowledge. Knowledge Communities are the best way to
develop knowledge path among various partners of
society.
• Lastly it is important to understand that knowledge is
built up and generated through informal way or self
organising networks of practitioners.
KNOWLEDGE COMMUNITIES

Conclusion
Thus knowledge management means utilizing our
knowledge in the process of capturing, sharing,
developing and efficiently using organisational task. But
when come to the educational field tacit knowledge
become the most important type of knowledge which
include student level of experience, ability, motivation,
capacity, thinking, competency, commitment and deed.
Now almost every organization has recognized that in
order to survive in today’s competitive and global
environment, it has to face knowledge-based economy
revolution. They have realized the need and importance
of this valuable asset.

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Knowledge management

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