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Impact of anesthesia on respiratory system
Impact of anesthesia on respiratory systemisrar khanThis document discusses the effects of anesthesia on respiratory physiology. It notes that general anesthesia can impair ventilation through airway obstruction and loss of airway patency. It also reduces ventilation by decreasing respiratory rate or tidal volume. This causes hypoxia and hypercapnia. Anesthesia also decreases functional residual capacity, causing more hypoxia. The document outlines these effects for different anesthetic agents and recommends preparations like positioning and pre-oxygenation to mitigate risks to ventilation and gas exchange under anesthesia.
Compliance and resistance
Compliance and resistancehamna rafaqatThe document describes two individuals' experiences with smoking and related health issues. Michael started smoking at age 9 and was diagnosed with COPD at age 44. He struggled to quit smoking until having a health scare at age 52 that prompted him to stop. He had lung surgery and is working to improve his health. The document also describes an unnamed woman who started smoking as a teenager and was later diagnosed with oral cancer at age 25 and throat cancer at age 40. She underwent radiation therapy and surgery but continued smoking and passed away from her health issues at age 53.
Ventilator graphics
Ventilator graphicsAhmed HegazyThis document provides an overview of neonatal ventilator graphics and waveforms. It discusses the key waveforms of pressure, volume, and flow and how they depict the respiratory cycle. Specific features of each waveform are described, including how they can reveal conditions like leaks, auto-triggering, gas trapping, and changes in compliance. Pulmonary loops like the pressure-volume and flow-volume loops are introduced and how they can provide information about lung mechanics, resistance, compliance, and other conditions. Interpretation of loop features is covered for various pathological states and responses to treatments.
Mechanical Ventilation.pptx
Mechanical Ventilation.pptxPunitTiwari40Mechanical ventilation uses positive pressure to deliver gas to the lungs. There are several modes that have evolved over time including negative pressure ventilation and newer microprocessor controlled positive pressure systems. The basic function is to deliver gas to the lungs while parameters like tidal volume, respiratory rate, pressures and timing are adjusted based on the patient's condition and response. Common modes include controlled mandatory ventilation which provides all breaths from the ventilator, assist control which provides mandatory breaths plus additional breaths if patient triggers, and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation which aims to prevent breath stacking by synchronizing mandatory breaths with patient effort.
Respiratory changes during anesthesia and ippv
Respiratory changes during anesthesia and ippvImran SheikhAnesthesia causes impairment of respiratory function through several mechanisms. It decreases functional residual capacity and lung compliance while increasing respiratory resistance. This leads to atelectasis in 15-20% of the lung and ventilation/perfusion mismatching. Maintaining muscle tone, applying positive end-expiratory pressure, recruitment maneuvers using sustained high inspiratory pressures, and limiting oxygen concentrations can help prevent atelectasis formation. Anesthesia also redistributes ventilation away from dependent lung regions and inhibits hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
βασιλειος διγενης ακριτας
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New modes of mechanical ventilation TRC
New modes of mechanical ventilation TRCchandra talurThe document discusses newer modes of mechanical ventilation that were introduced to address clinical issues like poor patient-ventilator synchrony, prolonged weaning times, and ventilator-induced lung injury. It classifies the newer modes as dual modes that combine volume and pressure control, modes that adapt to lung characteristics, and knowledge-based weaning modes. It provides more details on proportional assist ventilation (PAV+), airway pressure release ventilation (APRV/BIPAP), and Smartcare—modes that aim to improve synchrony, maintain high functional residual capacity, and reduce workload for clinicians respectively.
Basics of neonatal ventilation 1
Basics of neonatal ventilation 1Abid Ali RizviThe document discusses the basics of neonatal ventilation. It explains that ventilation is used to provide oxygenation, remove carbon dioxide, and assist breathing in neonates. Key parameters discussed include peak inspiratory pressure, positive end expiratory pressure, compliance, resistance, tidal volume, and minute volume. Different modes of ventilation are also summarized, including their advantages and limitations. The importance of synchronization between the ventilator and patient's breathing is emphasized to reduce work of breathing and other complications.
Module 2.5 Invasive & Non-Invasive Ventilation
Module 2.5 Invasive & Non-Invasive VentilationHannah NelsonInvasive ventilation requires an artificial airway such as an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube connected to a mechanical ventilator. Non-invasive ventilation uses a nasal or face mask without an artificial airway. Both methods provide positive pressure to support breathing. Invasive ventilation is used when the airway needs protection or for severe respiratory failure, while non-invasive ventilation is preferred when possible due to lower risk of complications. Careful monitoring is needed for both methods and weaning should begin as soon as the patient can safely breathe independently.
Β9. Τα κυριότερα επαναστατικά κινήματα.
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H Γαλλική επανάσταση και η Ναπολεόντεια περίοδος
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INFOGRAPHICS in ANAESTHESI by Dr. Tushar Chokshi.pptxtusharchokshi1Dr. Tushar Chokshi has completed 20 months creating over 130 infographics in anesthesiology. He was inspired to create these after seeing how a 5-year-old child responded well to educational infographics. Each infographic takes 5-10 hours to create and involves extensive research. The goal is to provide easy to understand single page summaries of medications, procedures, and other anesthesia topics through a visually appealing format.
basicmodesofmechanicalventilation-160117181821 (1).pptx
basicmodesofmechanicalventilation-160117181821 (1).pptxTufan BhutadaMechanical ventilation uses machines called ventilators to generate a controlled flow of gas into a patient's airways to support breathing. There are several basic modes of ventilation including controlled mandatory ventilation (CMV), assist-control ventilation, intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV). CMV controls both the tidal volume and respiratory rate while assist-control adds spontaneous breaths triggered by the patient. IMV and SIMV allow some spontaneous breathing but can cause breath stacking. Pressure support ventilation provides pressure assistance for spontaneous breaths with the patient determining the tidal volume.
ΕΔΑΦΙΚΗ ΕΞΕΛΙΞΗ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ 1830 - 1947
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Patient-ventilator dyssynchrony.pptx
Patient-ventilator dyssynchrony.pptxAmruta MankarThis document discusses patient-ventilator dyssynchrony, which occurs when a patient's respiratory demands are not appropriately met by the ventilator. This can increase the patient's work of breathing, lead to distress, and prolong the need for ventilation. Dyssynchrony can be caused by inappropriate ventilator settings, modes where the patient is fighting the ventilator, or issues like auto-triggering. Identifying the type and cause of dyssynchrony is important to optimize ventilator support and improve the patient experience.
242 o ellinismos ypo enetiki kai othomaniki kyriarchia
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General principles of pharmacology of inhalational agents(Pharmacokinetics)DR PANKAJ KUMARThe document outlines the historical development of anaesthesia, particularly focusing on inhalational agents from the 18th century to modern-day practices. It discusses the pharmacology, kinetics, and factors affecting the uptake and recovery of anaesthetic agents in the body. Key concepts include the role of partial pressure, solubility, and the effects of various inhalational agents on physiological parameters during anaesthesia.
Humidification & inhalation therapy
Humidification & inhalation therapyDrAnkitPurohitEsta documento explica la humidificación y terapia de inhalación para pacientes ventilados mecánicamente, abordando principios físicos, fisiología y tipos de dispositivos de humidificación. Se destaca la importancia de mantener una adecuada humidificación para evitar efectos adversos en la función mucociliar y las vías respiratorias. Además, se describen diferentes tipos de humidificadores y sus características, junto con recomendaciones para su uso en entornos de atención crítica.
Vent modes
Vent modesreisbir1) The document provides an overview and explanation of various ventilator modes including IMV, AC/VC, PC, SIMV, PRVC, and HFOV.
2) Key settings that can be adjusted on ventilators include rate, inspiratory time/flow, tidal volume, FiO2, and PEEP. Compliance can also impact how easily a breath is delivered.
3) To improve oxygenation, one can increase FiO2 and PEEP which recruits more alveoli. To lower CO2, one can increase rate/tidal volume or decrease rate on HFOV to allow more time for exhalation.
Lung Protective Ventilation
Lung Protective Ventilation Dr. S.K. Varma This document discusses protective lung ventilation strategies during and after cardiac surgery to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). It notes that as many as 20% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has a high mortality rate. Protective ventilation strategies using lower tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and recruitment maneuvers have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce inflammatory markers and incidence of PPCs compared to conventional ventilation with higher tidal volumes and no PEEP. The IMPROVE trial also found protective ventilation during abdominal surgery reduced postoperative pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications and length of ICU stay compared to non-protective ventilation.
Η ΤΕΧΝΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΡΧΑΪΚΗ ΕΠΟΧΗ (ΑΡΧΙΤΕΚΤΟΝΙΚΗ)
Η ΤΕΧΝΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΡΧΑΪΚΗ ΕΠΟΧΗ (ΑΡΧΙΤΕΚΤΟΝΙΚΗ)elnasΑρχαία Ιστορία, Α΄ Γυμνασίου, κεφ. Δ, 10. σελ. 65-66.
Η τέχνη στην αρχαϊκή εποχή (Αρχιτεκτονική)
Revolution
RevolutionfilogelwsΕργασία της μαθήτριας Ειρήνης Σπεντζάρη πάνω στο ερώτημα:
Η λέξη revolution δε σήμαινε πάντα επανάσταση. Αρχικά συνδέθηκε με μία φυσική θεωρία σχετική με την κίνηση της γης.
· Ποιος ήταν ο πιο γνωστός εισηγητής τη θεωρίας αυτής; Σε ποιο έργο πρωτοχρησιμοποιήθηκε ο όρος revolution και ποιο το περιεχόμενό του;
http://sfrang.com/historia/selida405.htm
· Πώς έφτασε κατά τη γνώμη σας να σημαίνει την επανάσταση σήμερα;
· Μπορείτε να εντοπίσετε και άλλες λέξεις, ελληνικές ή ξένες, των οποίων η σημασία έχει αλλάξει στην πορεία; (π.χ. βλ.λ. μπαγκέτα: σήμερα σημαίνει το ψωμί, αρχικά σήμαινε το λεπτό ραβδάκι που κρατά ο μαέστρος (baguette)
NIV(NON INVASIVE VENTILATION)
NIV(NON INVASIVE VENTILATION)santoshbhskrThe document discusses non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and is authored by Dr. Santosh Kumar Bhaskar, an associate professor. It covers causes and predictors of NIV failure as well as NIV synchronization, questioning what could be improved.
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Basics of neonatal ventilation 1
Basics of neonatal ventilation 1Abid Ali RizviThe document discusses the basics of neonatal ventilation. It explains that ventilation is used to provide oxygenation, remove carbon dioxide, and assist breathing in neonates. Key parameters discussed include peak inspiratory pressure, positive end expiratory pressure, compliance, resistance, tidal volume, and minute volume. Different modes of ventilation are also summarized, including their advantages and limitations. The importance of synchronization between the ventilator and patient's breathing is emphasized to reduce work of breathing and other complications.
Module 2.5 Invasive & Non-Invasive Ventilation
Module 2.5 Invasive & Non-Invasive VentilationHannah NelsonInvasive ventilation requires an artificial airway such as an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube connected to a mechanical ventilator. Non-invasive ventilation uses a nasal or face mask without an artificial airway. Both methods provide positive pressure to support breathing. Invasive ventilation is used when the airway needs protection or for severe respiratory failure, while non-invasive ventilation is preferred when possible due to lower risk of complications. Careful monitoring is needed for both methods and weaning should begin as soon as the patient can safely breathe independently.
Β9. Τα κυριότερα επαναστατικά κινήματα.
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H Γαλλική επανάσταση και η Ναπολεόντεια περίοδος
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INFOGRAPHICS in ANAESTHESI by Dr. Tushar Chokshi.pptxtusharchokshi1Dr. Tushar Chokshi has completed 20 months creating over 130 infographics in anesthesiology. He was inspired to create these after seeing how a 5-year-old child responded well to educational infographics. Each infographic takes 5-10 hours to create and involves extensive research. The goal is to provide easy to understand single page summaries of medications, procedures, and other anesthesia topics through a visually appealing format.
basicmodesofmechanicalventilation-160117181821 (1).pptx
basicmodesofmechanicalventilation-160117181821 (1).pptxTufan BhutadaMechanical ventilation uses machines called ventilators to generate a controlled flow of gas into a patient's airways to support breathing. There are several basic modes of ventilation including controlled mandatory ventilation (CMV), assist-control ventilation, intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV). CMV controls both the tidal volume and respiratory rate while assist-control adds spontaneous breaths triggered by the patient. IMV and SIMV allow some spontaneous breathing but can cause breath stacking. Pressure support ventilation provides pressure assistance for spontaneous breaths with the patient determining the tidal volume.
ΕΔΑΦΙΚΗ ΕΞΕΛΙΞΗ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ 1830 - 1947
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242 o ellinismos ypo enetiki kai othomaniki kyriarchia
242 o ellinismos ypo enetiki kai othomaniki kyriarchiaΧαράλαμπος ΓαρίτατζηςΟ ελληνισμός υπο ενετική και οθωμανική κυριαρχία
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General principles of pharmacology of inhalational agents(Pharmacokinetics)DR PANKAJ KUMARThe document outlines the historical development of anaesthesia, particularly focusing on inhalational agents from the 18th century to modern-day practices. It discusses the pharmacology, kinetics, and factors affecting the uptake and recovery of anaesthetic agents in the body. Key concepts include the role of partial pressure, solubility, and the effects of various inhalational agents on physiological parameters during anaesthesia.
Humidification & inhalation therapy
Humidification & inhalation therapyDrAnkitPurohitEsta documento explica la humidificación y terapia de inhalación para pacientes ventilados mecánicamente, abordando principios físicos, fisiología y tipos de dispositivos de humidificación. Se destaca la importancia de mantener una adecuada humidificación para evitar efectos adversos en la función mucociliar y las vías respiratorias. Además, se describen diferentes tipos de humidificadores y sus características, junto con recomendaciones para su uso en entornos de atención crítica.
Vent modes
Vent modesreisbir1) The document provides an overview and explanation of various ventilator modes including IMV, AC/VC, PC, SIMV, PRVC, and HFOV.
2) Key settings that can be adjusted on ventilators include rate, inspiratory time/flow, tidal volume, FiO2, and PEEP. Compliance can also impact how easily a breath is delivered.
3) To improve oxygenation, one can increase FiO2 and PEEP which recruits more alveoli. To lower CO2, one can increase rate/tidal volume or decrease rate on HFOV to allow more time for exhalation.
Lung Protective Ventilation
Lung Protective Ventilation Dr. S.K. Varma This document discusses protective lung ventilation strategies during and after cardiac surgery to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). It notes that as many as 20% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has a high mortality rate. Protective ventilation strategies using lower tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and recruitment maneuvers have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce inflammatory markers and incidence of PPCs compared to conventional ventilation with higher tidal volumes and no PEEP. The IMPROVE trial also found protective ventilation during abdominal surgery reduced postoperative pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications and length of ICU stay compared to non-protective ventilation.
Η ΤΕΧΝΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΡΧΑΪΚΗ ΕΠΟΧΗ (ΑΡΧΙΤΕΚΤΟΝΙΚΗ)
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Η τέχνη στην αρχαϊκή εποχή (Αρχιτεκτονική)
Revolution
RevolutionfilogelwsΕργασία της μαθήτριας Ειρήνης Σπεντζάρη πάνω στο ερώτημα:
Η λέξη revolution δε σήμαινε πάντα επανάσταση. Αρχικά συνδέθηκε με μία φυσική θεωρία σχετική με την κίνηση της γης.
· Ποιος ήταν ο πιο γνωστός εισηγητής τη θεωρίας αυτής; Σε ποιο έργο πρωτοχρησιμοποιήθηκε ο όρος revolution και ποιο το περιεχόμενό του;
http://sfrang.com/historia/selida405.htm
· Πώς έφτασε κατά τη γνώμη σας να σημαίνει την επανάσταση σήμερα;
· Μπορείτε να εντοπίσετε και άλλες λέξεις, ελληνικές ή ξένες, των οποίων η σημασία έχει αλλάξει στην πορεία; (π.χ. βλ.λ. μπαγκέτα: σήμερα σημαίνει το ψωμί, αρχικά σήμαινε το λεπτό ραβδάκι που κρατά ο μαέστρος (baguette)
NIV(NON INVASIVE VENTILATION)
NIV(NON INVASIVE VENTILATION)santoshbhskrThe document discusses non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and is authored by Dr. Santosh Kumar Bhaskar, an associate professor. It covers causes and predictors of NIV failure as well as NIV synchronization, questioning what could be improved.
Module 2.5 Invasive & Non-Invasive Ventilation
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ΕΔΑΦΙΚΗ ΕΞΕΛΙΞΗ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ 1830 - 1947
ΕΔΑΦΙΚΗ ΕΞΕΛΙΞΗ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ 1830 - 1947Στέλλα Ναλμπάντη
242 o ellinismos ypo enetiki kai othomaniki kyriarchia
242 o ellinismos ypo enetiki kai othomaniki kyriarchiaΧαράλαμπος Γαρίτατζης
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LALE DEVRİ
- 2. Osmanlı Tarihinde Lale Devri Diye Adlandırılan Dönem Hangi Tarih Ve Olaylar Arasındadır? LALE Devri 1718 Pasorofça antlaşması ile başlar 1730 Patrona Halil İsyanına kadar devam eder
- 3. Bu Döneme Neden Lale Devri Denir? İstanbul'da Lâle zevki artıp, yetiştirilmesi yaygınlaşmıştır. Devlet adamları dahil, İstanbulluların bahçelerinde lâle yetiştirip zevk edinmelerinden dolayı sair ve tarihçiler tarafından bu yıllara "Lâle Devri" denilmiştir .
- 5. Lale Devrinin Genel Özelliği Nedir? Bu devir zevk ve eğlence devri gibi görülür Yıllarca süren harpler ve isyanlardan bıkmış olan ahali, andlasmalardan sonra korku ve endişeden uzak bir hayat sürmeye başladı. Lale Bahçeleri ve Köşklerin yapılıp eğlencelerin düzenlendiği bir dönemdir
- 7. Bu Dönemin Padişahı Ve Sadrazamı Kimdir? Padişah: III.AHMET Sadrazam Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Paşa
- 8. Bu Dönemde Yapılan Yenilikler Nelerdir? 1727 yılında İbrahim Müteferrika ve Sait Efendi tarafından İlk Osmanlı Matbaasının kuruldu ve bir çok kitap basıldı İbrahim Müteferrika
- 9. Matbaanın Kağıt İhtiyacını Karşılamak için İstanbul da Bir Kağıt Fabrikası Kuruldu
- 10. Bütün memleket sathında park, bahçe tanzimi, köşk, saray, çeşme, sebil, imaret, medrese, kütüphane ve camiler dahil pek çok sanat eseri yapıldı
- 12. Bu Dönemde Gezinti ve Mesire Yerleri Çokça Ziyaret Edildi
- 13. Gezinti Alanlarının En Ünlüsü SADABAT ( Haliç) idi
- 14. İnşa ve tamir edilen sanat eserlerinin süslenmesi, için İstanbul'a Çini fabrikası kuruldu Duvar Süsleme Çinisi
- 15. Avrupa'da sürekli olmayan elçilikler bulunduruldu
- 16. Osmanlı kültür, sanat ve ilim âleminde kıymetli şahsiyetler yetişti.
- 17. Bilim heyeti kurularak, doğu klâsiklerinden Arapça, Farsça, Yunanca eserler Türkçe’ye tercüme edildi. Şairler Korunup Desteklendi Lâle Devri'nin ünlü şairi Nedim dır
- 18. İstanbul da ilk kumaş fabrikaları kuruldu
- 19. Yeniçerilerden itfaiye bölüğü DZşٳܱܰ
- 20. Bu Ocağa Tulumbacılar Ocağı Denilmiştir
- 23. İlk kez çiçek aşısının yapılması bu dönemde yapılan yeniliklerdendir
- 24. Lale Devri Nasıl Sona Erdi? Lale devrinde saray ve diğer devlet ileri gelenlerinin zevki sefa içerisinde yaşam sürdüğü yönündeki izlenimler sonucunda yoksulluk içerisinde yaşayan halkın desteği ile patrona Halil isyanı başladı
- 25. İsyan Nasıl Sonuçlandı 28 Eylül 1730 tarihinde meydana gelen Patrona Halil isyanıyla Damat İbrahim Pasa ve yakınları, vazifeden alınıp, öldürüldü. Asilerin arzusu bitmeyerek, Yirmi üçüncü Osmanlı Sultani Üçüncü Ahmet in de tahttan indirilmesini istediler. İstanbul'da yapılan yalılar yağma edilip, yıkılarak Lâle bahçeleri tahrip edildi. Birçok güzide sanat eserleri de asilerin yağmacıların tahribine uğradığı gibi, sanatkârlar, sâirler, edipler ilim ve devlet adamları da öldürülüp, her hususta vahşice hareket edildi
- 26. III.Ahmet ten sonra kim padişah oldu? I.MAHMUT
- 27. PATRONA HALİL