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LATEX.ppt

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Rajesh Patel
Rajesh Patel

LaTeX is a typesetting program that allows users to write documents and format them to be camera-ready. It is frequently used in scientific fields like mathematics, physics, and engineering where it is important to manipulate equations and graphics. LaTeX provides professional layouts and features for scientific documents like citations that are not available in programs like Microsoft Word. The document provides examples of basic LaTeX code for formatting text and includes information on LaTeX packages that can be used to add additional functionality.

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LaTeX GUJARAT POWER ENGINEERING & RESEARCH INSTITUE,MEVAL MEHSANA JUNE 2012 Presented By: Rajesh Patel Assistant Professor, Computer Engineering Department
2 Outline 1. Introduction of LaTeX 2. Comparison of Msword & LaTeX 3. Software Requirement 3. Sample document 4. Latex commands 5. Examples
What is LaTeX ? 3 LaTeX is a typesetting program and is an extension of the original program TEX written by Donald Knuth. Document markup language. Latex is a computer language for Generating scientific documentation that is camera-ready.. What is a typesetting program? Various stages in the preparation of a document using computers. 1. The text is entered into the computer. 2. The input text is formatted into lines, paragraphs and pages. 3. The output text is displayed on the computer screen. 4. The final output is printed.
4 LaTeX is the frequent choice in certain fields of sciences, like mathematics, physics, or engineering. Professionals in these fields are comfortable with the technical complexity associated with the text file that looks like a computer program and, more importantly, scientists and engineers frequently need to manipulate large quantities of equations and graphics. Desktop word processors like Microsoft Word are ill-suited for this. Furthermore, problems with Word include: Math equations involve a slow "select-point-click" process Editing math equations are time-consuming Difficult changing references to bibliography entries, footnotes, tables and figure numbers Resulting .doc file is huge when involving figures Slow screen refresh when figures involved - can't enter/edit/scroll text while figure is loading Motivation
Comparison 5 Area Ms Word LaTeX Open source No Yes Speed- small docs The strength of Word is in writing short, relatively simple documents Writing raw LaTeX is somewhat slower, because you first write the contents only and then you generate an output file with layout in a separate step. Speed -big docs w graphics Word becomes slow when handling either very large texts or texts with large graphics. Here LaTeX is faster because you write down only the contents and software wastes no time thinking about layout. Ease of use Basic Word features are very easy to use and everybody can produce a simple document with reasonable layout You will have to initially invest some hours to learn LaTeX without being able to immediately produce text.
Contd.. 6 Layout quality Word type setting quality is ok for most purposes but its far from professional. LaTeX, on the other hand, provides you with professional layout out of the box. Scientific features Here the main shortcoming is that Word does not include a citation utility. You will need to purchase additional software to fill the gap. Bibliography programmers come with their own price. Since LaTeX is open source. Scientists have written the extensions they needed.
Contd.. 7 price + availability This is obvious. You have to pay for Word and Referencing software LaTeX is free of charge. So are most text editors, like TexShop, and citation managers, like BiBDesK, WinEdit etc. are available. Compatibility MS Word developers make almost no effort to facilitate exchange with foreign programmes. But even between flavours of Word there are compatibility problems, e.g. WinWord vs. MacWord or latest version to older version. This is not the case with LaTeX. The main output format is PDF, which is the same over all OSs. LaTeX editors exist for all types of systems and are highly compatible.
Open Source Sofwares TEX file Creation Latex is a Computer language - one creates and compiles files having names with a .tex extension. If there are no syntax errors, the resulting output filename extension is .dvi which stands for device independent. This dvi file can be processed into a camera-ready format called a Postscript file, having a .ps extension. Miktex : miktex-2.0-lvl-1.zip (12.3 MB) WinEdit: Tex editor 8
MiKTEX (pronounced mik-tech) is an up-to-date implementation of TEX and related programs for Windows (all current variants) on x86 systems. TEX is a typesetting system invented by D. E. Knuth. MiKTEXs main features include: Easy to install: MiKTEX comes with a setup program that allows you to install the distribution via the Internet. Integrated package management: missing packages can be installed automatically (on- the-fly) during run-time Network friendly: MiKTEX can be run directly from a shared and read-only network directory Complete: the MiKTEX distribution contains almost all packages that are freely redistributable. Enhanced TEX compiler capabilities Enhanced previewer capabilities Open source: MiKTEX source code is available for everyone 9 MiKTEX
10 Example.txt documentclass{article} begin{document} This is my emph{first} document prepared in LaTeX. end{document} The first line documentclass{article} tells LATEX that what we want to produce is an article. The whole document we want to typeset should be included between begin{document} and end{document}. emph is a command to LATEX to typeset the text within the braces in italic1 Sample Example
Contd .. 11 A LaTeX document starts with the command documentclass [option] {type}. The most common document-classes in LaTex are: 1.book 2.report 3.article 4.letter Available document structure commands: Book: part{}, chapter{}, section{}, subsection{}, subsubsection{}, paragraph{}, subparagraph{}. Report: part{}, chapter{}, section{}, subsection{}, subsubsection{}, paragraph{}, subparagraph{}. Article: part{}, section{}, subsection{}, subsubsection{}, paragraph{}, subparagraph{}. Letter: A letter does not know the same structuring commands as other formats, but more specific commands like signature{}, address{}, opening{} and closing{}.
Templet.txt documentclass[11pt]{article} usepackage{graphicx} % needed for including graphics e.g. PS topmargin -1.5cm oddsidemargin -0.04cm evensidemargin -0.04cm % same as oddsidemargin but for left-hand pages textwidth 16.59cm textheight 21.94cm %pagestyle{empty} % Uncomment if don't want page numbers parskip 7.2pt % sets spacing between paragraphs %renewcommand{baselinestretch}{1.5} % Uncomment for 1.5 spacing between lines parindent 0pt % sets leading space for paragraphs begin{document} % Start your text % Stop your text end{document} 12
Document -latex begin{center} The Technical Institute[.75cm] Certificate end{center} noindent This is to certify that Mr. N. O. Vice has undergone a course at this institute and is qualified to be a Technician. begin{flushright} The Director The Technical Institute end{flushright} Here, the commands begin{center} ... end{center} typesets the text between them exactly at the center of the page 13
14 begin{flushright} ... end{flushright} typesets text flush with the right margin. begin{flushleft} ... end{flushleft} places the enclosed text flush with the left margin
begin{center} {bfserieshuge The TeX nical Institute}[1cm] {scshapeLARGE Certificate} end{center} noindent This is to certify that Mr. N. O. Vice has undergone a course at this institute and is qualified to be a TeX nical Expert. begin{flushright} {sffamily The Director The TeX nical Institute} end{flushright}
16 LaTEx Packages Package Name Description amsmath It contains the advanced math extensions for LaTeX. Mathematics amssymb It adds new symbols in to be used in math mode. graphicx To manage external pictures Cite Assists in citation management Color It adds support for colored text. relevant section Rotating It lets you rotate any kind of object. It is particularly useful for rotating tables wrapfig To insert images surrounded by text. xypic Used to create trees, graphs, (commutative) diagrams, and similar things. Array it extends the possibility of LaTeX to handle tables, adding new features. Using it, you can create very complicated and customized tables hyperref it gives LaTeX the possibility to manage links within the document or to any URL when you compile in PDF.
17 To use a package already installed on your system, insert a usepackage command in your document preamble with the package name in curly braces: usepackage{package_name} For example, to use the color package, which lets you typeset in colors, you would type: documentclass[a4paper, oneside]{report} usepackage{color} begin{document} ... end{document} usepackage{package1,package2,package3} How to Import Package ?
18 documentclass[a4paper,oneside]{report} usepackage{graphicx,color} usepackage{geometry} begin{document} title{color{red}Practical Typesetting} author{color{blue}Name Work} date{color{green}December 2005} end{document}
Examples 19 Research paper Presentation Thesis
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LATEX.ppt

  • 1. LaTeX GUJARAT POWER ENGINEERING & RESEARCH INSTITUE,MEVAL MEHSANA JUNE 2012 Presented By: Rajesh Patel Assistant Professor, Computer Engineering Department
  • 2. 2 Outline 1. Introduction of LaTeX 2. Comparison of Msword & LaTeX 3. Software Requirement 3. Sample document 4. Latex commands 5. Examples
  • 3. What is LaTeX ? 3 LaTeX is a typesetting program and is an extension of the original program TEX written by Donald Knuth. Document markup language. Latex is a computer language for Generating scientific documentation that is camera-ready.. What is a typesetting program? Various stages in the preparation of a document using computers. 1. The text is entered into the computer. 2. The input text is formatted into lines, paragraphs and pages. 3. The output text is displayed on the computer screen. 4. The final output is printed.
  • 4. 4 LaTeX is the frequent choice in certain fields of sciences, like mathematics, physics, or engineering. Professionals in these fields are comfortable with the technical complexity associated with the text file that looks like a computer program and, more importantly, scientists and engineers frequently need to manipulate large quantities of equations and graphics. Desktop word processors like Microsoft Word are ill-suited for this. Furthermore, problems with Word include: Math equations involve a slow "select-point-click" process Editing math equations are time-consuming Difficult changing references to bibliography entries, footnotes, tables and figure numbers Resulting .doc file is huge when involving figures Slow screen refresh when figures involved - can't enter/edit/scroll text while figure is loading Motivation
  • 5. Comparison 5 Area Ms Word LaTeX Open source No Yes Speed- small docs The strength of Word is in writing short, relatively simple documents Writing raw LaTeX is somewhat slower, because you first write the contents only and then you generate an output file with layout in a separate step. Speed -big docs w graphics Word becomes slow when handling either very large texts or texts with large graphics. Here LaTeX is faster because you write down only the contents and software wastes no time thinking about layout. Ease of use Basic Word features are very easy to use and everybody can produce a simple document with reasonable layout You will have to initially invest some hours to learn LaTeX without being able to immediately produce text.
  • 6. Contd.. 6 Layout quality Word type setting quality is ok for most purposes but its far from professional. LaTeX, on the other hand, provides you with professional layout out of the box. Scientific features Here the main shortcoming is that Word does not include a citation utility. You will need to purchase additional software to fill the gap. Bibliography programmers come with their own price. Since LaTeX is open source. Scientists have written the extensions they needed.
  • 7. Contd.. 7 price + availability This is obvious. You have to pay for Word and Referencing software LaTeX is free of charge. So are most text editors, like TexShop, and citation managers, like BiBDesK, WinEdit etc. are available. Compatibility MS Word developers make almost no effort to facilitate exchange with foreign programmes. But even between flavours of Word there are compatibility problems, e.g. WinWord vs. MacWord or latest version to older version. This is not the case with LaTeX. The main output format is PDF, which is the same over all OSs. LaTeX editors exist for all types of systems and are highly compatible.
  • 8. Open Source Sofwares TEX file Creation Latex is a Computer language - one creates and compiles files having names with a .tex extension. If there are no syntax errors, the resulting output filename extension is .dvi which stands for device independent. This dvi file can be processed into a camera-ready format called a Postscript file, having a .ps extension. Miktex : miktex-2.0-lvl-1.zip (12.3 MB) WinEdit: Tex editor 8
  • 9. MiKTEX (pronounced mik-tech) is an up-to-date implementation of TEX and related programs for Windows (all current variants) on x86 systems. TEX is a typesetting system invented by D. E. Knuth. MiKTEXs main features include: Easy to install: MiKTEX comes with a setup program that allows you to install the distribution via the Internet. Integrated package management: missing packages can be installed automatically (on- the-fly) during run-time Network friendly: MiKTEX can be run directly from a shared and read-only network directory Complete: the MiKTEX distribution contains almost all packages that are freely redistributable. Enhanced TEX compiler capabilities Enhanced previewer capabilities Open source: MiKTEX source code is available for everyone 9 MiKTEX
  • 10. 10 Example.txt documentclass{article} begin{document} This is my emph{first} document prepared in LaTeX. end{document} The first line documentclass{article} tells LATEX that what we want to produce is an article. The whole document we want to typeset should be included between begin{document} and end{document}. emph is a command to LATEX to typeset the text within the braces in italic1 Sample Example
  • 11. Contd .. 11 A LaTeX document starts with the command documentclass [option] {type}. The most common document-classes in LaTex are: 1.book 2.report 3.article 4.letter Available document structure commands: Book: part{}, chapter{}, section{}, subsection{}, subsubsection{}, paragraph{}, subparagraph{}. Report: part{}, chapter{}, section{}, subsection{}, subsubsection{}, paragraph{}, subparagraph{}. Article: part{}, section{}, subsection{}, subsubsection{}, paragraph{}, subparagraph{}. Letter: A letter does not know the same structuring commands as other formats, but more specific commands like signature{}, address{}, opening{} and closing{}.
  • 12. Templet.txt documentclass[11pt]{article} usepackage{graphicx} % needed for including graphics e.g. PS topmargin -1.5cm oddsidemargin -0.04cm evensidemargin -0.04cm % same as oddsidemargin but for left-hand pages textwidth 16.59cm textheight 21.94cm %pagestyle{empty} % Uncomment if don't want page numbers parskip 7.2pt % sets spacing between paragraphs %renewcommand{baselinestretch}{1.5} % Uncomment for 1.5 spacing between lines parindent 0pt % sets leading space for paragraphs begin{document} % Start your text % Stop your text end{document} 12
  • 13. Document -latex begin{center} The Technical Institute[.75cm] Certificate end{center} noindent This is to certify that Mr. N. O. Vice has undergone a course at this institute and is qualified to be a Technician. begin{flushright} The Director The Technical Institute end{flushright} Here, the commands begin{center} ... end{center} typesets the text between them exactly at the center of the page 13
  • 14. 14 begin{flushright} ... end{flushright} typesets text flush with the right margin. begin{flushleft} ... end{flushleft} places the enclosed text flush with the left margin
  • 15. begin{center} {bfserieshuge The TeX nical Institute}[1cm] {scshapeLARGE Certificate} end{center} noindent This is to certify that Mr. N. O. Vice has undergone a course at this institute and is qualified to be a TeX nical Expert. begin{flushright} {sffamily The Director The TeX nical Institute} end{flushright}
  • 16. 16 LaTEx Packages Package Name Description amsmath It contains the advanced math extensions for LaTeX. Mathematics amssymb It adds new symbols in to be used in math mode. graphicx To manage external pictures Cite Assists in citation management Color It adds support for colored text. relevant section Rotating It lets you rotate any kind of object. It is particularly useful for rotating tables wrapfig To insert images surrounded by text. xypic Used to create trees, graphs, (commutative) diagrams, and similar things. Array it extends the possibility of LaTeX to handle tables, adding new features. Using it, you can create very complicated and customized tables hyperref it gives LaTeX the possibility to manage links within the document or to any URL when you compile in PDF.
  • 17. 17 To use a package already installed on your system, insert a usepackage command in your document preamble with the package name in curly braces: usepackage{package_name} For example, to use the color package, which lets you typeset in colors, you would type: documentclass[a4paper, oneside]{report} usepackage{color} begin{document} ... end{document} usepackage{package1,package2,package3} How to Import Package ?
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