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Lect03

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Abhishek Gupta

This document discusses Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), including PLC addressing, basic instructions like examine if closed (XIC) and output energize (OTE), and using a PLC simulator. It explains how inputs and outputs are mapped to data files and addresses. Basic PLC programming concepts are introduced like branches and parallel logic. The document recommends using the simulator's built-in simulations, like the batch simulator, to design and test ladder logic programs.

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3-1 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-1Electrical & Computer Engineering Programmable Logic Controllers PLC Addressing and Basic Instructions Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-2Electrical & Computer Engineering Basic addressing For the Allen-Bradley PLCs and the simulator used, the input and output image areas (in addition to other data) are held in data files Each data file holds information such as Discrete input values Discrete output values Values associated with timers Values associated with counters Status information Etc.
3-2 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-3Electrical & Computer Engineering PLC data files Simulator data files AB PLC data files Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-4Electrical & Computer Engineering I/O memory mapping Basic AB PLC addressing X1:x.0/0 Data file type I input O output S status B binary T- timer C-counter Data file number (can be omitted for the basic data files) Slot number (not used with the simulator) Word number: selects a specific word in a data file Bit number I/O located on the controller (embedded I/O) is slot 0. I/O added to the controller (expansion I/O) begins with slot 1.
3-3 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-5Electrical & Computer Engineering Example Addressing CPU Module (slot 0) Digital Input Module (slot 1) 16 inputs Digital Output Module (slot 2) 8 outputs Would occupy addresses I1:1.0/0 through I1:1.0/15 Would occupy addresses O0:2.0/0 through O0:2.0/7 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-6Electrical & Computer Engineering Basic instructions Examine If Closed (XIC) Examine If Open (XIO) Output Energize (OTE) Output Latch (OTL) Output Unlatch (OTU) One-shot Rising (OSR)
3-4 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-7Electrical & Computer Engineering Examine if closed (XIC) Alternate name: Normally open contact Use the XIC instruction in your ladder program to determine if a bit is on. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on (1), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off (0), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE. Instruction symbol Normally open switch is open Normally open switch is closed Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-8Electrical & Computer Engineering Examine if open (XIO) Alternate name: Normally closed contact Use the XIO instruction in your ladder program to determine if a bit is off. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on (1), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off (0), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE. Instruction symbol Normally open switch is open Normally open switch is closedAn XIO instruction inverts the state of the bit it references.
3-5 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-9Electrical & Computer Engineering Output energize (OTE) Alternate name: coil This instruction is usually used in conjunction with XIC or XIO or any other input instruction. If the logic preceding the OTE instruction is true (1), the OTE instruction will be energized Instruction symbol Not energized Energized An OTE instruction can only be the last instruction on a rung. Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-10Electrical & Computer Engineering Output latch (OTL) The OTL instruction is used only to turn a bit on and latch it on Instruction symbol L Initially not energized Energized Latched
3-6 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-11Electrical & Computer Engineering Output unlatch (OTU) The OTU instruction is used only to turn a bit off and latch it off OTL and OTU are generally used in pairs Instruction symbol U Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-12Electrical & Computer Engineering One-shot rising (OSR) When the rung conditions preceding the OSR go from false-to-true, the OSR instruction goes true also but for only one scan Instruction symbol OSR I:1/0 B3:0/0 One PLC scan
3-7 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-13Electrical & Computer Engineering Branches Branches can be inserted in ladder logic programs to create parallel combinations of various ladder logic elements Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-14Electrical & Computer Engineering Multiple Series/Parallel Branches Multiple series/parallel branches can be utilized with multiple inputs and also affecting multiple outputs in parallel
3-8 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-15Electrical & Computer Engineering PLC simulator usage Ladder logic elements (instructions) can be dragged and dropped onto the ladder window to create a ladder logic program The ladder logic program is executed by going online, downloading the PLC program, and switching to run mode OFFLINE/ONLINE control Download PLC run mode Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-16Electrical & Computer Engineering ProSim simulations The Logixpro simulator provides a set of built-in simulations The I/O simulation initially will be of most use since it provides access to simulated discrete inputs (switches) and outputs (lamps)
3-9 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-17Electrical & Computer Engineering Other Prosim simulations Available simulators Door simulator Silo simulator Traffic simulator Batch simulator Dual Compressor simulator Bottle line simulator Four floor elevator simulator Most projects will involve designing ladder logic programs to control these simulations Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-18Electrical & Computer Engineering Batch simulator showing example I/O

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Lect03

  • 1. 3-1 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-1Electrical & Computer Engineering Programmable Logic Controllers PLC Addressing and Basic Instructions Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-2Electrical & Computer Engineering Basic addressing For the Allen-Bradley PLCs and the simulator used, the input and output image areas (in addition to other data) are held in data files Each data file holds information such as Discrete input values Discrete output values Values associated with timers Values associated with counters Status information Etc.
  • 2. 3-2 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-3Electrical & Computer Engineering PLC data files Simulator data files AB PLC data files Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-4Electrical & Computer Engineering I/O memory mapping Basic AB PLC addressing X1:x.0/0 Data file type I input O output S status B binary T- timer C-counter Data file number (can be omitted for the basic data files) Slot number (not used with the simulator) Word number: selects a specific word in a data file Bit number I/O located on the controller (embedded I/O) is slot 0. I/O added to the controller (expansion I/O) begins with slot 1.
  • 3. 3-3 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-5Electrical & Computer Engineering Example Addressing CPU Module (slot 0) Digital Input Module (slot 1) 16 inputs Digital Output Module (slot 2) 8 outputs Would occupy addresses I1:1.0/0 through I1:1.0/15 Would occupy addresses O0:2.0/0 through O0:2.0/7 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-6Electrical & Computer Engineering Basic instructions Examine If Closed (XIC) Examine If Open (XIO) Output Energize (OTE) Output Latch (OTL) Output Unlatch (OTU) One-shot Rising (OSR)
  • 4. 3-4 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-7Electrical & Computer Engineering Examine if closed (XIC) Alternate name: Normally open contact Use the XIC instruction in your ladder program to determine if a bit is on. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on (1), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off (0), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE. Instruction symbol Normally open switch is open Normally open switch is closed Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-8Electrical & Computer Engineering Examine if open (XIO) Alternate name: Normally closed contact Use the XIO instruction in your ladder program to determine if a bit is off. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on (1), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE. When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off (0), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE. Instruction symbol Normally open switch is open Normally open switch is closedAn XIO instruction inverts the state of the bit it references.
  • 5. 3-5 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-9Electrical & Computer Engineering Output energize (OTE) Alternate name: coil This instruction is usually used in conjunction with XIC or XIO or any other input instruction. If the logic preceding the OTE instruction is true (1), the OTE instruction will be energized Instruction symbol Not energized Energized An OTE instruction can only be the last instruction on a rung. Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-10Electrical & Computer Engineering Output latch (OTL) The OTL instruction is used only to turn a bit on and latch it on Instruction symbol L Initially not energized Energized Latched
  • 6. 3-6 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-11Electrical & Computer Engineering Output unlatch (OTU) The OTU instruction is used only to turn a bit off and latch it off OTL and OTU are generally used in pairs Instruction symbol U Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-12Electrical & Computer Engineering One-shot rising (OSR) When the rung conditions preceding the OSR go from false-to-true, the OSR instruction goes true also but for only one scan Instruction symbol OSR I:1/0 B3:0/0 One PLC scan
  • 7. 3-7 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-13Electrical & Computer Engineering Branches Branches can be inserted in ladder logic programs to create parallel combinations of various ladder logic elements Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-14Electrical & Computer Engineering Multiple Series/Parallel Branches Multiple series/parallel branches can be utilized with multiple inputs and also affecting multiple outputs in parallel
  • 8. 3-8 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-15Electrical & Computer Engineering PLC simulator usage Ladder logic elements (instructions) can be dragged and dropped onto the ladder window to create a ladder logic program The ladder logic program is executed by going online, downloading the PLC program, and switching to run mode OFFLINE/ONLINE control Download PLC run mode Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-16Electrical & Computer Engineering ProSim simulations The Logixpro simulator provides a set of built-in simulations The I/O simulation initially will be of most use since it provides access to simulated discrete inputs (switches) and outputs (lamps)
  • 9. 3-9 Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-17Electrical & Computer Engineering Other Prosim simulations Available simulators Door simulator Silo simulator Traffic simulator Batch simulator Dual Compressor simulator Bottle line simulator Four floor elevator simulator Most projects will involve designing ladder logic programs to control these simulations Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-18Electrical & Computer Engineering Batch simulator showing example I/O