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Lecture 1 bioscience overview 592010 post without videos

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This online course covers bioscience topics for IT professionals. Over 10 weeks, students will learn about the definition of life, cellular structure and function, evolution, and molecular biology. Key concepts include: 1) All life on Earth shares a common ancestor and can be traced back to the same origins. 2) The basic unit of life is the cell, which exists in two forms - prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 3) Molecular biology is understood through the central dogma of DNA->RNA->Protein.

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Online Bioscience Course for IT Professionals Spring 2010
Class Mechanics View online video lecture every Monday (1-2 hour) Comment on video lecture using website discussion board Attend the online Office Hour on Wednesday at 12 NOON online using tokbox.com and webcam Online Final Exam given 7/7/2010
Lecture 1: Biosciences Overview
Take Homes: What is Life? The Cell is the Basic Unit of Life on Earth All Life on Earth is Related via a Common Ancestor The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology All Life can be Understood in Chemical Terms
http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =zKNZjP9BdCw The Big Picture-an Overview
http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =zKNZjP9BdCw
What is Life?: Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1) - Cite This Source - Share This life la肘f/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation [lahyf] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation noun, plural lives la肘vz/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation [lahyvz] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation , adjective noun 1.the condition that distinguishes organisms from inorganic objects and dead organisms, being manifested by growth through metabolism, reproduction, and the power of adaptation to environment through changes originating internally. 2.the sum of the distinguishing phenomena of organisms, esp. metabolism, growth, reproduction, and adaptation to environment.
Problems?: viruses? Mimivirus ( http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimivirus ) prions? self replicating proteins ( http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prions ) non-replicating organisms? Neuronsdont replicate computer programs? Computer viruses SPORE ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spore_(2008_video_game ) many other examples? Crystals DNA nanomachines (PMID: 18654284 )
Alien Life The Andromeda Strain http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqGztEExN4Y
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqGztEExN4Y The Andromeda Strain: Its a Crystal!
CHONPS+minor contaminants based H 2 O solvent self-contained (Cells) self-replicating DNA/RNA/PROTEIN/LIPID/CARBOHYDRATE components (PARTS) Adaptive short-term (interacts with environment in real-time) Adaptive long-term (interacts with environment in deep-time) For our Purposes:
Take Home I What is Life? Terrestrial living systems are all based on carbon compounds and use liquid water. They are self-contained, use macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins to function, and react to and adapt to their environment over the short-term (movement) and also over the long-term (evolution).
The Basic Unit of Life on Earth is the Cell-and there are Two Types: Prokaryote Eukaryote plant animal
Prokaryotic Cell Structure Prokaryote=no nucleus
Eukaryotic Animal Cell Structure Eukaryote=has a nucleus
Eukaryotic Plant Cell Structure
http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =MMrvmZ2i1sE The Inner Life of a Eukaryotic Cell
http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =MMrvmZ2i1sE The Inner Life of a Eukaryotic Cell
Size-Eukaryotes are Generally Bigger than Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes have Different Genetic Structures as Well
Take Home II The Cell is the Basic Unit of Life on Earth There are two types of cells, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, each of which have very different structures, genetic mechanisms and behaviors yet are composed of mostly the same kinds of biomolecules and have very similar genetic codes
from Doolittle, W. Ford (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 12751-12753 The Tree of Life:
Most of modern cell and molecular biology has been derived from the study of about 8 model organisms: E. coli Yeast C. elegans (nematode) Drosophila (Fruit Fly) Arabidopsis (plant) Mouse Rat Human Based on the principle of conservation through evolution, the lessons learned from these models are assumed to be applicable to all terrestrial cells and organismsthere are exceptions howevermore on this latermuch later Model Organisms:
Take Home III All Life on Earth is Related via a Common Ancestor All organisms on earth are related by evolution from a common ancestor which existed on Earth about 4-3.5 billion years agothis fact allows us to use studies of a few Model organisms to form the basis for our understanding of all Life
The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: DNA RNA PROTEIN START STOP TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION REPLICATION GENE CODONS AMINO ACIDS
The Central Dogma in Action: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = NJxobgkPEAo
The Central Dogma in Action: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = NJxobgkPEAo
Molecular Biology's Central Dogma- The Movie! (everything to scale)! http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =GkdRdik73kU
Molecular Biology's Central Dogma- The Movie! (everything to scale)! http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =GkdRdik73kU
Take Home IV The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology All known Earth organisms use DNA, RNA and Proteins. These parts function according to the so called Central Dogma of Molecular Biology DNA>RNA>PROTEIN
Proteins act as Enzymes: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = cbZsXjgPDLQ
Proteins act as Enzymes: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = cbZsXjgPDLQ
Proteins act as Machines: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =InIha7bCTjM&feature=related
Proteins act as Machines: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =InIha7bCTjM&feature=related
Take Home V All Life can be Understood in Chemical Terms All known Earth organisms use proteins to accomplish such basic functions as metabolism and movement, and as such all biological activity can be understood in chemical terms
Next Week: Biomolecules, Viruses and Cells More details on the chemicals and molecules that make up cells and viruseswhat they look like and how they work
Instructor Mark E Minie PhD [email_address]

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Lecture 1 bioscience overview 592010 post without videos

  • 1. Online Bioscience Course for IT Professionals Spring 2010
  • 2. Class Mechanics View online video lecture every Monday (1-2 hour) Comment on video lecture using website discussion board Attend the online Office Hour on Wednesday at 12 NOON online using tokbox.com and webcam Online Final Exam given 7/7/2010
  • 4. Take Homes: What is Life? The Cell is the Basic Unit of Life on Earth All Life on Earth is Related via a Common Ancestor The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology All Life can be Understood in Chemical Terms
  • 5. http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =zKNZjP9BdCw The Big Picture-an Overview
  • 7. What is Life?: Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1) - Cite This Source - Share This life la肘f/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation [lahyf] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation noun, plural lives la肘vz/ Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation [lahyvz] Pronunciation Key - Show IPA Pronunciation , adjective noun 1.the condition that distinguishes organisms from inorganic objects and dead organisms, being manifested by growth through metabolism, reproduction, and the power of adaptation to environment through changes originating internally. 2.the sum of the distinguishing phenomena of organisms, esp. metabolism, growth, reproduction, and adaptation to environment.
  • 8. Problems?: viruses? Mimivirus ( http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimivirus ) prions? self replicating proteins ( http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prions ) non-replicating organisms? Neuronsdont replicate computer programs? Computer viruses SPORE ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spore_(2008_video_game ) many other examples? Crystals DNA nanomachines (PMID: 18654284 )
  • 9. Alien Life The Andromeda Strain http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqGztEExN4Y
  • 11. CHONPS+minor contaminants based H 2 O solvent self-contained (Cells) self-replicating DNA/RNA/PROTEIN/LIPID/CARBOHYDRATE components (PARTS) Adaptive short-term (interacts with environment in real-time) Adaptive long-term (interacts with environment in deep-time) For our Purposes:
  • 12. Take Home I What is Life? Terrestrial living systems are all based on carbon compounds and use liquid water. They are self-contained, use macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins to function, and react to and adapt to their environment over the short-term (movement) and also over the long-term (evolution).
  • 13. The Basic Unit of Life on Earth is the Cell-and there are Two Types: Prokaryote Eukaryote plant animal
  • 14. Prokaryotic Cell Structure Prokaryote=no nucleus
  • 15. Eukaryotic Animal Cell Structure Eukaryote=has a nucleus
  • 17. http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =MMrvmZ2i1sE The Inner Life of a Eukaryotic Cell
  • 18. http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =MMrvmZ2i1sE The Inner Life of a Eukaryotic Cell
  • 19. Size-Eukaryotes are Generally Bigger than Prokaryotes
  • 20. Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes have Different Genetic Structures as Well
  • 21. Take Home II The Cell is the Basic Unit of Life on Earth There are two types of cells, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, each of which have very different structures, genetic mechanisms and behaviors yet are composed of mostly the same kinds of biomolecules and have very similar genetic codes
  • 22. from Doolittle, W. Ford (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 12751-12753 The Tree of Life:
  • 23. Most of modern cell and molecular biology has been derived from the study of about 8 model organisms: E. coli Yeast C. elegans (nematode) Drosophila (Fruit Fly) Arabidopsis (plant) Mouse Rat Human Based on the principle of conservation through evolution, the lessons learned from these models are assumed to be applicable to all terrestrial cells and organismsthere are exceptions howevermore on this latermuch later Model Organisms:
  • 24. Take Home III All Life on Earth is Related via a Common Ancestor All organisms on earth are related by evolution from a common ancestor which existed on Earth about 4-3.5 billion years agothis fact allows us to use studies of a few Model organisms to form the basis for our understanding of all Life
  • 25. The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: DNA RNA PROTEIN START STOP TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION REPLICATION GENE CODONS AMINO ACIDS
  • 26. The Central Dogma in Action: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = NJxobgkPEAo
  • 27. The Central Dogma in Action: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = NJxobgkPEAo
  • 28. Molecular Biology's Central Dogma- The Movie! (everything to scale)! http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =GkdRdik73kU
  • 29. Molecular Biology's Central Dogma- The Movie! (everything to scale)! http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =GkdRdik73kU
  • 30. Take Home IV The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology All known Earth organisms use DNA, RNA and Proteins. These parts function according to the so called Central Dogma of Molecular Biology DNA>RNA>PROTEIN
  • 31. Proteins act as Enzymes: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = cbZsXjgPDLQ
  • 32. Proteins act as Enzymes: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = cbZsXjgPDLQ
  • 33. Proteins act as Machines: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =InIha7bCTjM&feature=related
  • 34. Proteins act as Machines: http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v =InIha7bCTjM&feature=related
  • 35. Take Home V All Life can be Understood in Chemical Terms All known Earth organisms use proteins to accomplish such basic functions as metabolism and movement, and as such all biological activity can be understood in chemical terms
  • 36. Next Week: Biomolecules, Viruses and Cells More details on the chemicals and molecules that make up cells and viruseswhat they look like and how they work
  • 37. Instructor Mark E Minie PhD [email_address]