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LECTURE 7
SYSTEMSAFETY
Instructor: Engr. Beenish Akbar Khan
Iqra National University (INU)
Occupational Health Safety and
Environment
Btech Civil/Elect.
Department
7th
Semester
Fall 2015

As society becomes more technically advanced, its tools become
more and more sophisticated. In some cases, the machine has
advanced further than the human capacity to control it. Jet
fighters are good examples.
Safety professionals need to be aware of the limits of human
performance.
2

The system life cycle consists of six phases:
1.Concept
2.Definition
3.Development
4.Production
5.Deployment and
6.Disposition
At the end of each phase, a safety review is conducted. A
decision is then made whether to continue the project or place it
on hold, pending further examination.
3

Historical data and technical forecasts are developed for a
system hazard analysis.
A Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) is conducted during this
phase. Risk Analysis (RA) is performed to determine hazard
control and to develop system-safety criteria. Safety
management will be doing the initial work on the System Safety
Program Plan (SSPP).
Three basic questions must be answered by the time the concept
phase is completed:
‘‘Have the hazards associated with the design concept been
discovered and evaluated to establish hazard controls?
Have risk analyses been initiated to establish the means for
hazard control?
Are initial safety requirements established for the concept
phase?’’ (Roland and Moriarty, 1990, p. 23).
4

Definition phase is used to verify the preliminary design and
product engineering.
Reports presented at design review meetings discuss the
technological risks, costs, human engineering, operational and
maintenance suitability, and safety aspects.
In addition subsystems, assemblies, and subassemblies of the
system are defined at this time. The PHA is updated and a
Subsystem Hazard Analysis (SSHA) is initiated so it can later be
integrated into the System Hazard Analysis (SHA).
Safety analysis techniques are used during this phase to identify
safety equipment, specification of safety design requirements,
initial development of safety test plans and requirements, and
prototype testing to verify the type of design selected.
5

Environmental impact, integrated logistics support, producible
engineering, and operational use studies are done during the
development phase.
The SSHA and safety design criteria are also completed during
this phase.
Using the data collected, a go/no-go decision can be made
before production begins.
6

The production phase of the system life cycle involves close
monitoring by the safety department. In addition, the quality-
control department becomes important because of its focus on
inspection and testing of the new product.
Training begins during this phase.
Updating of the analyses started during the definition and
development phases continues.
Finally, all the information collected during this phase is
compiled into the System Safety Engineering Report (SSER).
The SSER identifies and documents the hazards of the final
product.
7

When the system becomes operational, it is in the deployment
phase. Data continues to be collected and training is conducted.
If any problems occur, individuals responsible for system safety
must be available to follow up and decide on possible solutions.
The system safety group in the organization also reviews any
design changes made on the system.
A sixth phase of the system life cycle, the disposition or
termination phase, is the time that a system is removed from
service. A good example is asbestos removal from a building.
Safety professionals monitor these situations so both the worker
and the public are protected.
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