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Department of
Journalism and Mass
Communication
Presentation: Mr.P.P.Pawar
Assistant Professor in Mass Communication and
Journalism
Sanjay Ghodawat University, Kolhapur
Unit-01: Growth of Radio
Lecture-03: Evolution of Radio
Expansion of Radio in India

Unit-01:Growth of Radio
Out come of the unit: Recall1 growth of Radio
Sub Topic: History of Radio in India
Objective: At the end of this sub topic students will able to
- Explain History of Radio in India
- Growth and development of Radio in India
- Current situation of Radio in India
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आकाशवाणी/ AIR
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बहुजन हिताय, बहुजन सुखाय

History and growth of Radio in India
• Radio broadcasting in India began as a private venture in 1923
and 1924, when three radio clubs were established in Bombay,
Calcutta and Madras (now Chennai).
• The daily broadcasts of 2 to 3 hours consisted mainly of music
and talks. These stations had to close down in 1927 for lack of
sufficient financial support.
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• March, 1930 – IBC liquidated
• April, 1930 – Govt. took over and formed Indian State
Broadcasting Service (ISBS)
• 2 years later, Govt. started broadcasting BBC in India
• 1932 - To supplement the earning of the Indian State
Broadcasting Service, the Indian Tariff (Wireless Broadcasting)
Act was amended leading to a sharp increase in the duty on the
wireless receiving set. The possession of a radio set without a
license was made an offence.
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• March 1935 - Office of Controller of broadcasting created under
the Department of Industries and Labour of the Government
• August 1935 - Mr. Lionel Fielden assumed charge as the first
Controller of Broadcasting
• January 1936 - Delhi radio station was opened
• June 8 1936 - the ISBS was renamed All India Radio (AIR)
• 1937 - AIR was transferred from the Ministry of Labour and
Industries to the Department of Communications.
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• September 1939 - News bulletins were centralized in all
languages at Delhi.
• October 1, 1939 - External Service started and directed to
Afghanistan, Iran and Arab countries (to counter radio
propaganda from Germany)
• 1939 - Controller Broadcasting Lionel Fielden was succeeded by
Professor A.S. Bokhari who remained the head of All India Radio
for six crucial years (In 1943, the designation, Controller of
Broadcasting, was changed to Director General)
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Historyand growthof Radioin India
• 1940 - Bokhari began broadcasting a daily ten minute Hindustani
news commentary. Soon, programmes in Gujarati, Marathi,
Bengali, Pushtu, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam followed.
• In 194 1: AIR was again transferred to the department of
Information and Broadcasting, which after Independence in 1947,
became a separate ministry by itself.
• 1947 - total number of radio sets at that time was about 275,000.
• At the time of Independence, 9 AIR stations (also including
Peshawar, Lahore and Dhaka)
• AIR stations in Delhi, Madras, Bombay, Calcutta, Lucknow and
Tiruchirapalli.
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Historyand growthof Radioin India
• In the 50s, Minister for Information and Broadcasting Dr. B.V.
Keskar, put a ban on broadcast of Hindi film songs on AIR.
• 1952 – Vadya Vrinda or National Orchestra with Pandit Ravi
Shankar as the first music conductor.
• Radio Ceylon became immensely popular.
• Binaca Geetmala and Amin Sayani.
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• 1957 – Vividh Bharti started.
• Famous Programs on Vividh Bharti :
- Sangeet Sarita
- Bhule Bisre Geet
- Hawa Mahal
- Jaimala
- Inse Miliye
- Chhaya Geetare
- Sargam Ke Sitare
- Celluloid Ke Sitare
- Sehatnama
- Hello Farmaish
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• 1956- AIR officially called Akashvani.
•
• 1964 – Indira Gandhi becomes Minister of I&B.
1) The Chanda Enquiry Committee 1966 :
(A.K. Chanda, former Auditor General of India.)
• 1. Convert AIR into a corporation run by a board of Directors like
BBC.
• 2. Separate Radio from TV.
• 3. Commercialize Vividh Bharti so that it earned revenue.
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• In 1967, Vividh Bharti was commercialized.
• In 1976, AIR and Doordarshan were separated.
• Prasar Bharati Act.
-Prasar Bharati Bill passed by Parliament in 1990 but subsequent
governments didn’t finalize it.
-Act implemented in September 1997.
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Functions of Act:
‘‘Subject to the provisions of this Act, it shall be the primary duty of
the Corporation to organise and conduct public broadcasting
services to inform, educate and entertain the public and to ensure
a balanced development of broadcasting on radio and television’’.
1.Free and objective broadcast of all matters of public interest,
national or international, and presenting a fair and balanced
flow of information including contrasting views without
advocating any opinion or ideology of its own.
2.Paying special attention to the fields of education and spread of
literacy, agriculture, rural development, environment, health and
family welfare as well as science and technology.
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3. Providing adequate coverage to the diverse cultures and languages of
the various regions of the country by broadcasting appropriate
programs.
4. Providing adequate coverage to sports and games so as to encourage
healthy competition and the spirit of sportsmanship.
5. Providing appropriate programs keeping in view the special needs of
the youth.
6. Making specific programs for and about women, tribals, children,
handicapped, aged and vulnerable sections of society.
7. Promoting social justice and combating exploitation, inequality and
such evils as untouchability and advancing the welfare of the weaker
sections of the society.
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8. Promoting national integration by broadcasting in a manner
that facilitates communication in the languages in India; and
facilitating the distribution of regional broadcasting services in
every State in the languages of that State.
9. Promoting research and development activities in order to
ensure that radio and television broadcast technology are
constantly updated.
For more information regarding make up and assets of Prasar
Bharati, you may visit their official website :
www.prasarbharati.gov.in
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Names of private FM stations:
Radio City 91.1
Big FM 92.7
Red FM 93.5
Radio One 94.3
Hit FM 95
Radio Mirchi FM 98.3
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Home Assignment:
1. Brief on growth and development of Indian Radio before
independence period
2. Describe the development of the radio after independence in
India.
3. Write note on three tier system of AIR
4. Write short note on current position of Indian radio.
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