This document discusses sustainable building practices for LEED certification. It covers several main categories: site selection and planning, sustainable architecture and design, water conservation, energy efficiency, building materials, and indoor environmental quality. Specific topics covered include advantages of building orientation, daylighting, water efficiency through harvesting and recycling, energy efficient lighting and HVAC systems, and impacts of volatile organic compounds and fats/oils/grease on drainage systems.
This document discusses sustainable building design and construction. It provides details on several LEED categories including site selection, water conservation, energy efficiency, materials selection, and indoor air quality. Specific strategies are outlined, such as ensuring adequate daylighting through building orientation and facade design. Efficient lighting, HVAC, and water systems are also described, along with benefits of approaches like rainwater harvesting, waterless urinals, and chilled beam systems.
The document discusses sustainable design and construction practices for buildings seeking LEED certification. It covers several key areas: site selection and planning to maximize natural light and reduce energy needs; using sustainable materials like recycled content and rapidly renewable resources; implementing water and energy efficiency strategies like harvesting rainwater, using waterless urinals, and occupancy-sensor lighting; and overall strategies to reduce environmental impact and promote reuse and recycling. The goal is to develop buildings that conserve natural resources and minimize waste.
Green building aims to reduce environmental impact through energy efficient and sustainable construction methods. It involves using renewable energy sources like solar panels and wind turbines, green roofs, rainwater harvesting, and efficient appliances to conserve water and energy. Green buildings provide long-term benefits like reduced operating costs through energy and water savings, higher property values, and lower environmental impact. India promotes green building through organizations like the Indian Green Building Council and Energy Conservation Building Code.
Green Building in India with Case StudyAjayashKekan
?
The presentation comes with definitions, uses, advantages, etc.
Including the case study of Green Building in India &
References in the end are also provided.
Jon?no is a women's fashion brand that focuses on sustainable and eco-friendly practices throughout its entire supply chain. It produces organic and fair trade certified collections and aims for lower impact manufacturing processes. Jon?no also engages in practices like vertical integration and giving back to communities. The presentation discusses the concept of the triple bottom line approach to sustainability and outlines various strategies businesses can implement to reduce their environmental impact, such as adopting energy efficient practices, conserving water, reducing waste, preventing pollution, and designing and selling green products.
What You Need To Know About Green Roofing - Gram RoofingFlanna489y
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Cram Roofing's mission is to establish long-term relationships with customers by exceeding their expectations. The document discusses green roofing options including choosing a qualified roofing contractor, types of green roofs, LEED credits, benefits such as reducing heat and costs, and whether green roofs are affordable. It provides information on features of green roofs like reducing heat and costs, and contributing to LEED credits. The document also discusses older roofing materials and coatings that can provide green benefits as well as energy star roofs and coatings that increase reflectivity and savings. Photovoltaic and live plant roofing systems are also outlined.
Energy efficient buildings are important for reducing environmental damage from excessive resource use. Building designers should focus on maintaining optimal indoor temperatures, maximizing natural light, conserving water usage, and ensuring good airflow. Effective insulation is key. Energy efficient materials include polyisocyanurate foam, adobe construction, plastic composite wood, structural insulated panels, and autoclaved aerated concrete. Homeowners can make existing homes more efficient by improving insulation, using energy efficient appliances and lights, incorporating smart technology, and cleaning regularly to minimize wasted energy. While initial costs are higher, energy efficient buildings save money over time through reduced usage.
This document discusses green buildings and their objectives. Green buildings aim to use less water and energy resources, generate less waste, and provide healthier spaces for occupants compared to conventional buildings. They help reduce environmental impacts through techniques like efficient energy and water systems, insulation, and use of renewable materials. Green buildings can help address issues like resource depletion and climate change at a global level. Rating systems have been developed to certify green buildings in India, with over 1000 projects now being constructed across the country. Design considerations for green buildings include building orientation, efficient lighting and HVAC systems, and use of renewable energy.
The document describes a proposed green building development project that will include 30 luxury residential buildings across four African countries. Key aspects of the project include:
- Buildings will utilize green building materials like timber and solar panels to generate power on-site. Appliances will be powered by DC current from the solar panels.
- An energy and environmental monitoring system will allow tenants to track energy usage and identify high-energy appliances.
- Future plans include introducing electric vehicles to the properties to reduce petrol dependence.
- The project will focus on green building techniques like optimizing daylighting, natural ventilation, water recycling, and on-site renewable energy.
A green building is one which uses less water, optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural resources, generates less waste and provides healthier spaces for occupants as compared to a conventional building
Economic evaluation and comparison between green building and conventional bu...Manthan Shah
?
This is a presentation on my own Project report from BE.
It is about the economic compression between green house and a conventional house.
it might be useful for Environmental engineering students or any one interested in he subject
This document discusses stormwater harvesting, which involves collecting stormwater from urban areas and treating it so it can be reused. The key points are:
- Stormwater is collected from drains or creeks and treated to make it safe for non-drinking uses like watering parks. This reduces drinking water demand and pollution entering waterways.
- A stormwater harvesting scheme includes an extraction point, transport pipes, a storage tank, treatment system, distribution pipes, and management of byproducts. Several case studies and types of schemes are presented.
- Benefits include alternative water source, sustainable water management, and reducing flooding and pollution. Solutions discussed include modular tanks, filtration, pond development, ecological channels
The document discusses principles of illumination and ventilation. It covers:
- Advantages of good illumination like preventing eye strain and creating a pleasant atmosphere.
- Requirements for ventilation systems like providing fresh air and proper air flow.
- Types of mechanical ventilation including fans, and benefits like improved indoor air quality.
- Water treatment processes such as aeration, coagulation, and disinfection to remove impurities.
- Solar water heating systems that use solar energy to heat water and the types of active and passive systems.
The document discusses principles of illumination and ventilation. It covers:
- Advantages of good illumination like preventing eye strain and creating a pleasant atmosphere.
- Requirements for effective ventilation like air change and humidity control.
- Types of mechanical ventilation including fans, and benefits like improved indoor air quality.
- Water treatment processes to purify water like aeration, coagulation, and disinfection.
- Solar water heating systems that use sunlight to heat water in collectors and storage tanks.
The document discusses green building, which refers to structures and construction processes that are environmentally responsible and efficient with resources throughout a building's lifecycle. Key elements of green building include energy efficiency, water efficiency, waste management, indoor air quality, and efficient design. Green building aims to maximize sustainability and minimize environmental impacts. It can help reduce operating costs and provides healthier spaces for occupants compared to conventional buildings.
The document provides information about the ITC Green Centre in Gurgaon, India, which was the first building in India to receive LEED Platinum certification. Some key points:
- The building uses various sustainable design features and technologies to reduce its environmental impact, saving over 50% on projected energy costs.
- Examples include use of local and recycled materials, rainwater harvesting, green roofing, solar power, and efficient water and energy systems.
- Its "L" shape and central atrium promote natural light and ventilation to reduce energy needs.
Green Building: Sustainable Architecture
Environmentally responsible and resource efficient building design. Architecture that minimizes the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency in the use of materials and energy. Goal: to effectively reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment and increase comfort and livability. Consistent with AIA sponsored Architecture Challenge 2030.
McNaughton Architectural Inc. | http://mna-p.com
300 E State St Suite 360, Redlands, CA 92373
(909) 583-1806
- The Vancouver Convention Centre West is located in Vancouver, Canada and has achieved LEED Platinum certification.
- It utilizes the local climate and geography through strategies like a green roof, natural ventilation from eastern winds, and using seawater for heating and cooling.
- The building's water system incorporates rainwater harvesting, greywater reuse, and an on-site wastewater treatment plant to reduce potable water usage by 73%.
How to Clean Solar Panels in the Right WayOlivia Taylor
?
The document provides instructions for cleaning solar panels. It recommends routine cleaning to prevent dirt and debris from building up and causing scratches or permanent damage. The timing of cleaning depends on weather and environmental conditions. The cost varies based on the number of panels, their size, the amount of dirt, and how they are installed. When cleaning, remove loose dirt first then spray with water and squeegee off excess, avoiding abrasive products. It's best to check manufacturer instructions or hire professionals for cleaning.
Future Environmental Problems In Lovely Professional UniversityG Sumeet Samuel
?
che110 by r.no: 40,41,42 done by team of three members 1)Shubham rathore
2)Bharat
3)Sumeet
Real facts and issues had been presented in detail manner and also with scope of solution for each particular problems .
The document discusses why sustainable buildings are important and provides techniques to save power in buildings. It notes that buildings consume a large portion of energy usage annually. Building sustainably can reduce environmental impacts from fossil fuel usage and is more efficient over time due to lower operating costs. The document then outlines major sectors of power consumption in residential and commercial buildings. It also discusses prerequisite studies of building design considerations like orientation, envelopes and insulation to improve energy performance. Finally, it presents various power saving techniques for buildings like geothermal systems, solar heating, efficient lighting and daylight harvesting.
Sustainability involves meeting current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. This includes conserving natural resources and maintaining ecological balance. Sustainable buildings aim to reduce energy consumption and environmental impact through strategies like passive cooling, natural lighting, insulation, and generating energy from solar panels, solar thermal, wind turbines, and geothermal systems. Building materials' sustainability is determined by factors like emissions in production, recyclability, and maintenance costs over their lifecycle from sourcing to disposal.
Breakout session Tuesday, February 11 at 1:30 p.m.
Explore the value of STAR's adaptable framework in aligning state partners & amplifying conservation efforts using a locally led, science-based approach to evaluating & guiding practice adoption.
Speaker: Jake Deutmeyer, STAR: Saving Tomorrow's Agriculture Resources
Energy efficient buildings are important for reducing environmental damage from excessive resource use. Building designers should focus on maintaining optimal indoor temperatures, maximizing natural light, conserving water usage, and ensuring good airflow. Effective insulation is key. Energy efficient materials include polyisocyanurate foam, adobe construction, plastic composite wood, structural insulated panels, and autoclaved aerated concrete. Homeowners can make existing homes more efficient by improving insulation, using energy efficient appliances and lights, incorporating smart technology, and cleaning regularly to minimize wasted energy. While initial costs are higher, energy efficient buildings save money over time through reduced usage.
This document discusses green buildings and their objectives. Green buildings aim to use less water and energy resources, generate less waste, and provide healthier spaces for occupants compared to conventional buildings. They help reduce environmental impacts through techniques like efficient energy and water systems, insulation, and use of renewable materials. Green buildings can help address issues like resource depletion and climate change at a global level. Rating systems have been developed to certify green buildings in India, with over 1000 projects now being constructed across the country. Design considerations for green buildings include building orientation, efficient lighting and HVAC systems, and use of renewable energy.
The document describes a proposed green building development project that will include 30 luxury residential buildings across four African countries. Key aspects of the project include:
- Buildings will utilize green building materials like timber and solar panels to generate power on-site. Appliances will be powered by DC current from the solar panels.
- An energy and environmental monitoring system will allow tenants to track energy usage and identify high-energy appliances.
- Future plans include introducing electric vehicles to the properties to reduce petrol dependence.
- The project will focus on green building techniques like optimizing daylighting, natural ventilation, water recycling, and on-site renewable energy.
A green building is one which uses less water, optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural resources, generates less waste and provides healthier spaces for occupants as compared to a conventional building
Economic evaluation and comparison between green building and conventional bu...Manthan Shah
?
This is a presentation on my own Project report from BE.
It is about the economic compression between green house and a conventional house.
it might be useful for Environmental engineering students or any one interested in he subject
This document discusses stormwater harvesting, which involves collecting stormwater from urban areas and treating it so it can be reused. The key points are:
- Stormwater is collected from drains or creeks and treated to make it safe for non-drinking uses like watering parks. This reduces drinking water demand and pollution entering waterways.
- A stormwater harvesting scheme includes an extraction point, transport pipes, a storage tank, treatment system, distribution pipes, and management of byproducts. Several case studies and types of schemes are presented.
- Benefits include alternative water source, sustainable water management, and reducing flooding and pollution. Solutions discussed include modular tanks, filtration, pond development, ecological channels
The document discusses principles of illumination and ventilation. It covers:
- Advantages of good illumination like preventing eye strain and creating a pleasant atmosphere.
- Requirements for ventilation systems like providing fresh air and proper air flow.
- Types of mechanical ventilation including fans, and benefits like improved indoor air quality.
- Water treatment processes such as aeration, coagulation, and disinfection to remove impurities.
- Solar water heating systems that use solar energy to heat water and the types of active and passive systems.
The document discusses principles of illumination and ventilation. It covers:
- Advantages of good illumination like preventing eye strain and creating a pleasant atmosphere.
- Requirements for effective ventilation like air change and humidity control.
- Types of mechanical ventilation including fans, and benefits like improved indoor air quality.
- Water treatment processes to purify water like aeration, coagulation, and disinfection.
- Solar water heating systems that use sunlight to heat water in collectors and storage tanks.
The document discusses green building, which refers to structures and construction processes that are environmentally responsible and efficient with resources throughout a building's lifecycle. Key elements of green building include energy efficiency, water efficiency, waste management, indoor air quality, and efficient design. Green building aims to maximize sustainability and minimize environmental impacts. It can help reduce operating costs and provides healthier spaces for occupants compared to conventional buildings.
The document provides information about the ITC Green Centre in Gurgaon, India, which was the first building in India to receive LEED Platinum certification. Some key points:
- The building uses various sustainable design features and technologies to reduce its environmental impact, saving over 50% on projected energy costs.
- Examples include use of local and recycled materials, rainwater harvesting, green roofing, solar power, and efficient water and energy systems.
- Its "L" shape and central atrium promote natural light and ventilation to reduce energy needs.
Green Building: Sustainable Architecture
Environmentally responsible and resource efficient building design. Architecture that minimizes the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency in the use of materials and energy. Goal: to effectively reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment and increase comfort and livability. Consistent with AIA sponsored Architecture Challenge 2030.
McNaughton Architectural Inc. | http://mna-p.com
300 E State St Suite 360, Redlands, CA 92373
(909) 583-1806
- The Vancouver Convention Centre West is located in Vancouver, Canada and has achieved LEED Platinum certification.
- It utilizes the local climate and geography through strategies like a green roof, natural ventilation from eastern winds, and using seawater for heating and cooling.
- The building's water system incorporates rainwater harvesting, greywater reuse, and an on-site wastewater treatment plant to reduce potable water usage by 73%.
How to Clean Solar Panels in the Right WayOlivia Taylor
?
The document provides instructions for cleaning solar panels. It recommends routine cleaning to prevent dirt and debris from building up and causing scratches or permanent damage. The timing of cleaning depends on weather and environmental conditions. The cost varies based on the number of panels, their size, the amount of dirt, and how they are installed. When cleaning, remove loose dirt first then spray with water and squeegee off excess, avoiding abrasive products. It's best to check manufacturer instructions or hire professionals for cleaning.
Future Environmental Problems In Lovely Professional UniversityG Sumeet Samuel
?
che110 by r.no: 40,41,42 done by team of three members 1)Shubham rathore
2)Bharat
3)Sumeet
Real facts and issues had been presented in detail manner and also with scope of solution for each particular problems .
The document discusses why sustainable buildings are important and provides techniques to save power in buildings. It notes that buildings consume a large portion of energy usage annually. Building sustainably can reduce environmental impacts from fossil fuel usage and is more efficient over time due to lower operating costs. The document then outlines major sectors of power consumption in residential and commercial buildings. It also discusses prerequisite studies of building design considerations like orientation, envelopes and insulation to improve energy performance. Finally, it presents various power saving techniques for buildings like geothermal systems, solar heating, efficient lighting and daylight harvesting.
Sustainability involves meeting current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. This includes conserving natural resources and maintaining ecological balance. Sustainable buildings aim to reduce energy consumption and environmental impact through strategies like passive cooling, natural lighting, insulation, and generating energy from solar panels, solar thermal, wind turbines, and geothermal systems. Building materials' sustainability is determined by factors like emissions in production, recyclability, and maintenance costs over their lifecycle from sourcing to disposal.
Breakout session Tuesday, February 11 at 1:30 p.m.
Explore the value of STAR's adaptable framework in aligning state partners & amplifying conservation efforts using a locally led, science-based approach to evaluating & guiding practice adoption.
Speaker: Jake Deutmeyer, STAR: Saving Tomorrow's Agriculture Resources
Day 1 Seminar_The Plan-making Score_web.pptxmhutttch
?
Includes an opening presentation, a hands-on group exercise exploring culture, people and process and a final sharing session. We aim to identify barriers, celebrate bold ideas and create clear actions, so we can deliver local plans faster, smarter and better-focusing on what we can control.
Comparative study of foliar application of various beer products and sakkara ...Open Access Research Paper
?
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is an important vegetable crop in the tropics. Beer brewing is an intricate process encompassing mixing and further elaboration of four essential raw materials. “Sakkara”, Sri Lankan name for jiggery made by sugar cane stem extract. Sakkara Brewing (SBr) is also an intricate process like beer. It has reported that foliar application of beer and SBr resulted in significant growth stimulation in plants. The objectives of the present study were to compare the effects of five commercially available beer products and SBr on growth, flowering and fruit setting of cucumber plants. The study was conducted at farmer’s poly tunnel in a Completely Randomize Design with seven treatments randomized in five replicates. The treatments were T1 – Carlsberg Special Brew (8.8% Ethanol), T2 – Carlsberg (4.8% Ethanol), T3 – Lion Strong (8.8% Ethanol), T4 – Lion Stout (8.8% Ethanol), T5- Lion Larger (4.8% Ethanol), T6 – SBr (2.2% ethanol, 4% methanol, 2.4 x 104 yeast cells per 1mm3 and PH= 3.36) and T7 – Control (without spraying). Plants were established in pots and standard crop management practices were done. Products were sprayed to the seedlings 15 days after sowing and continued 6 times at 10 days intervals. Measurements were taken on growth, flowering and Fruit setting stages. The higher values of plant growth, reproductive and yield parameters were observed in beer and SBr applied treatments compared to control. SBr is very low cost product compared to commercially available beer. So, it can be recommended for vegetable cultivation as economically feasible and eco-friendly organic product.
Kamil Pyciak, A Name Making Waves in the Digital Worldkamilpyciakinfo1
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Kamil Pyciak, based in the USA, is a passionate explorer and nature lover who connects with a Polish audience through an international platform. Surrounded by America’s breathtaking landscapes, he ventures into national parks, capturing the essence of the wilderness through his lens. Despite being miles away from Poland, Kamil’s digital presence transcends borders, uniting a global community of outdoor enthusiasts. Through striking photography and engaging storytelling, he fosters a shared admiration for nature, proving that the love for the great outdoors is a universal language that brings people together across continents.
Considerations for appropriate assessment of efficacy of biopesticides in the...OECD Environment
?
The OECD Seminar on Different aspects of efficacy evaluation of biopesticides, held on 28-29 June 2021, covered the similarities and differences of the efficacy evaluation of the different categories of biopesticides, new application techniques, efficacy evaluation of biopesticides based on plant defence inducers (PDI), comparison of efficacy requirements for biostimulants vs. biopesticides, how to evaluate different Integrated Pest Management (IPM) modules, and registration pathways with limited or no evaluation of efficacy. The event facilitated exchanges between policy makers, academia, and industry.
7. MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL CATEGORIES:
? Sustainable Architecture and Design
? Site Selection and Planning
? Water Conservation
? Energy Efficiency
? Building Materials and Resources
? Indoor Environmental Quality
? Innovation and Development
9. SITE SELECTION
the basic shape of the building
? The LEED building should be rectangle and the length
of the building should be facing North and South for
natural light to reduce energy on lighting system
10. SITE SELECTION
Advantages of building with N&S facing
? No shadow at any time of the day time
? No glaring at any time during morning or evening hours
? Buildings can be constructed close to each others
? More space will be covered with natural light
? Can accommodate more solar panels
11. Site Selection and Planning
? Site should be proximity to rail road connection
? Near by housing complex or society
? Abundance of raw material for construction
? Possibly away from Urban Heat Load
? Amble parking slots and proper way for vehicle movement
inside the campus
? Not near a heavy traffic zone
12. Sustainable Architecture and Design
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
? 80 % steel for the paneling compared to conventional wood based partition
? Fabrics : 100% Cotton or PP based without any blend
? 100 % use of reconstituted wood: (PPB or MDF) for work surfaces
? Number of parts reduced to minimum
? Easy to disassemble reconfigure and refurbish for reuse
? Paper based packing material: 100 % Recyclable
13. Advantages of sunlight in home
? Increase in vitamins B and D
? Ultraviolet rays in the sun are naturally antiseptic.
? Sunlight stimulates appetite and improves digestion.
? Natural sun increases red blood cells.
? Sunlight boosts your immune system.
? Natural light boosts white blood cell counts.
? Daytime sun helps persons sleep better at night.
? Sunlight helps to balance the body’s hormones.
? Natural sun boosts energy and strengthens organs.
14. Advantages of facade glasses (DGU)
? Can deflect heat and allow only light to indoor
? Not easily affected by air or water and any chemicals.
? Can be polished, cast into any desired shape and modify
? its properties like hardness,
? Very high resistance to heat flow and allows light to pass
through and Provide insulating effect
? It is made of two or more plates of glass of 6mm and 12mm of
gap between each glass
? dehydrated captive air or vacuum
? Edges are sealed of the glass.
15. Energy Efficiency lighting system
? Maximum usage of day light
? Use glass to reduce heat gain and max natural light
? Online monitoring system to monitor the energy
performance. and energy consumption.
? Usage of timers occupancy sensor luminous sensors .
? Else install DALI system for lighting to save energy
up to 60 %
16. Advantages of DALI system
? Saves lighting power up to 60 % max
? Light intensity for each person can be set
? Light adjustment based on luminous
? Occupancy sensor
? Timer based operation that can be programmed with
meteorological time (IMD,BBC, Accuweather )
? Can be connected with access control
? Can be connected to BMS
17. Which will have impact on energy loss in HVAC
? Chillers
? Pumps
? Cooling tower
? Water quality
? Control system
? AHU
? Air duct
? Building construction
18. HVAC
? Air Cooled Chiller Advantages
? Lower installed cost
? Quicker availability
? No cooling tower or condenser pump required
? Less maintenance
? No mechanical room required
? Water-Cooled Chiller advantages
? Higher efficiency
? Custom selection in larger sizes
? Large tonnage capabilities
? Indoor Chiller location
? Longer life
20. HVAC primary vs primary secondary
? ONLY PRIMARY PUMP
This simple design AND low first cost and good flexibility.
It decreases the complexity of the chiller plant
However, efficiency is limited because the zone
Only applicable single tenant fixed working hours
? PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
This offers all the efficiency and flexibility for 24/7
but does eliminate some of the extra equipment
High initial cost additional pumps and controls
Advantage for multi tenant 24/7 working hours
24. WATER EFFICIENCY
? Harvest 100% of the rain water, and recycle 100% of all the
water used in the building including waste water.
? Use of waterless urinals in the building with biological
blocks hence saves 3lakhs liters of water per annum.
? Annually, storm water pits recharged ground water
by around 5500 KL
? sewage treatment plant recycled 6900 KL of water
26. Advantages of waterless urinals
? Waterless Urinals do not require water for flushing
? Human Urine is a potential resource that can be beneficially used for
agriculture
? waterless urinals save min 56,800 liters per urinal
? waterless urinals and touch free operations reduce spreading of
communicable diseases.
? Save enormous quantities of freshwater
? Optimize cost of plumbing accessories
? Conserve electricity used for pumping &water treating
? Saves cost of production of fertilizers
27. Rain water harvesting
? It can either be stored in a tank or recharge system. This method is
less expensive and very useful and helps in augmenting the
groundwater level of the area
? Filter
? doubts are raised that rainwater may contaminate groundwater. T
? here is a remote possibility of this fear coming true if
the proper filter mechanism is not adopted.
29. Volatile Organic Compounds in Your Home
? Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are a large group of chemicals
that are found in many products we use to build and maintain our
homes. Once these chemicals are in our homes, they are released or
“off-gas” into the indoor air we breathe. They may or may not be
able to be smelled, and smelling is not a good indicator of health risk.
? Common examples of VOCs that may be present in our daily lives
are: benzene, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, methylene chloride,
tetrachloroethylene, toluene, xylene, and 1,3-butadiene.
? Sources of VOCs
? Building Materials
? Home & Personal Care Products
? Activities ( smoking )
31. Impact of FOG in drainage and STP
? FOG is the most common cause of slow and blocked drains in a
drainage system. FOG flow down drains initially, but as they
cool, they harden, slowing drainage and causing drain backups.
? As oil and fats cool, they join the grease and collect on the sides
of pipes as well.
? FOG reduces the efficiency of STP which will lead to higher
BIO/COD levels, continuous foul odor, increase in Total
Suspended Solids (TSS) and bottom solids and dirty water from
the outlets.