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Lesson-3-Importance-of-Cultural-Relativism (1).pptx
- 1. Importance of Cultural Relativism in Attaining Cultural Understanding
- 2. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students shall be able to: Define cultural relativism Demonstrate a holistic understanding of culture and society Value Culture and express pride of place without being ethnocentric Create a poster that shows understanding and respect for others culture
- 3. Am I or Not? 1. Our cultural practices are superior to theirs; they should adopt our customs. 3. Their language is strange; they should learn to speak our language. 2. We shouldnt judge a culture without considering its historical and social factors. 4. "Each culture has its unique customs, and we should respect their way of life." 5. "Other countries should adopt our political system; it's the best."
- 4. Cultural variation is the differences in social behaviors that different culture exhibit around the world. What may be considered good etiquette in one culture may be considered bad etiquette in another. In relation to this, there are important perceptions on cultural variability: ethnocentrism, xenocentrism and cultural relativism.
- 5. Cultural differences are dominant than cultural universal, despite how much individuals have similarity. Cultural Universals are traits that are parts of every known culture. These include bodily adornment, courtship, dancing, education, food taboos, funeral rite, etc. Cultural Universals give rise to Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativity/Relativism.
- 6. Cultural relativism is a principle that an individual persons beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individuals own culture. It was established and accepted in anthropological research by Franz Boas in the first few decades of the 20th century and later popularized by his students.
- 7. It refers to not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal. Instead, we should try to understand cultural practices of other groups in its own cultural context. In other words, right and wrong are culture-specific What is considered moral in other society may be considered immoral in another, and since no universal standard of morality exist, no one has the right to judge another societys customs to be correct or incorrect.
- 8. Consequences of Accepting Cultural Relativism We could no longer say that custom of other societies are morally inferior to others. We could decide whether actions are right or wrong just by consulting the standards of our society. The idea of moral progress is called into doubt.
- 9. Ethnocentrism, in contrast to cultural relativism, is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of ones own culture. ethnocentrism is defined as the technical name for the view of things in which ones own group is the center of everything, and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it. -William G. Sumner
- 10. Ethnocentric individuals born into a particular culture that grow up absorbing the values and behaviour of the culture will develop a worldview that considers their culture to be the norm (standard). They judge other group or culture specially with concern to language, behaviour, custom religion etc.
- 11. Examples of Ethnocentrism Judging other countries diets Expecting others to speak English Thinking you dont have an accent Judging cultural dress Colonial imperialism Assimilationism
- 12. xenocentrism is the preference for another culture or other cultures over one's own culture. A person practicing xenocentrism assumes that foreign cultures are superior to their own, and thus values the goods, styles, ideas, and traditions, among other aspects of foreign cultures, more than that of their own culture.
- 13. Other Important Terms Related to Culture 1. Cultural diversity refers the differentiation of culture all over the world which means there is no right or wrong culture but there is appropriate culture for the need of a specific group of people. 2. Sub-culture refers to a smaller group within a larger culture. 3. Counterculture refers cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society (example in the 1960s counter culture among teenagers reflect long hair, blue jeans, peace sign, rock and roll music and drug abuse).
- 14. 4. Culture lag is experienced when some parts of the society do not change as fast as with other parts and they are left behind 5. Culture shock is the inability to read meaning in ones surroundings, feeling of lost and isolation, unsure to act as a consequence of being outside the symbolic web of culture that binds others. 6. Ideal culture refers to the social patterns mandated by cultural values and norms. 7. Real culture refers to the actual patterns that only approximate cultural expectations.
- 15. 8. High culture refers to the cultural patterns that distinguish a societys elite 9. Popular culture refers to the cultural patterns that are wide spread among a societys population. 10.Culture change is the manner by which culture evolves.
- 16. How Cultural Relativism Mitigates Ethnocentrism Cultural relativism is the idea that a persons beliefs and practices should be understood based on that persons own culture Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view your own society or culture as superior and the standard by which other societies and cultures are judged.
- 17. ACTIVITY: Make a poster that shows understanding and respect for others culture. Use short bond Paper. Output is graded according to this criteria: Relevance to the topic 20 points Originality - 15 points Attractiveness - 15 points Total - 50 points