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Lesson 7 Pre Empting

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Bridge Spades
Bridge Spades

This document provides lessons on preemptive bidding in bridge. It defines preemptive bids as opening bids at a level higher than 1 that show a weak hand. The goals of preemptive bids are to block opponents' bidding and gain bidding space when vulnerable. A bid at the 2nd level shows 6 cards and 6-10 points, a bid at the 3rd level shows 7+ cards and 6-10 points. Responses include supporting partner's suit, bidding 3NT with stoppers, or bidding game with a fit. Over a weak 2 opener, 2NT asks opener to describe their hand. Jump shifts are also discussed as another way to show a weak hand with a long suit.

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Bridge Lessons - Intermediate NYU Bridge and Spades Club
Lesson 7 Pre-empting
What is a Pre-emptive Bid? Pre-empting is opening a suit (not NT) bid at a level other than the 1 level or jump-shifting on top of opponents opener Opening 2C is an exception to this rule it is not a pre-emptive bid E.g. of jump-shifting opponent: 1H 2S Pre-emptive bids are weak bids Historically, opening bids at levels higher than 1 were strong bids. However, with the modern bridge methods detailed in Lesson 4 and the advent of other bidding gadgets, there is no longer a point in opening at a higher level to show a strong hand
Why Bid Pre-emptively? In general, you open to show strength. However, Im now advocating opening with weak hands And at a higher level! Why? Blocking bid by opening at a higher level with a weak hand, opponents (who probably have strong hands) have less space to discover where to play Especially useful when youre non-vulnerable and opponents are vulnerable
The Mechanics of Pre-emptive Bids A pre-empt at the 2 nd level shows 6 cards in the suit and 6-10 points With 11+ points and 6 cards in a suit, you can always open at the 1-level by rule of 20 A pre-empt at the 3 rd level shows 7+ cards in the suit and 6-10 points A pre-empt at the 4 th level shows a 7+ card self-sufficient suit (usually topped by at least KQJ) and no interest in playing any other suit or NT. This is generally done only after partner has passed opening bid. Important: you may only open pre-emptively with at least one of the 3 top cards in the suit i.e. at least 2 points in that suit alone
What can Responder do over Pre-empts? Support partners suit to next level with 3 cards and <opening hand Bid 3NT with good fit in partners suit, stoppers/winners in all other suits and opening hand Bid game in partners suit with appropriately distributional/strong hand and a fit
What if Responder is Strong? Ogust the 2NT bid over a weak 2 opener 2NT shows an opening hand and a fit with opener Opener rebids: 3C: 6 to 8- points and 1 out of the top 3 cards 3D: 6 to 8- points and 2 out of the top 3 cards 3H: 8+ to 10 points and 1 out of the top 3 cards 3S: 8+ to 10 points and 2 out of the top 3 cards 3NT: 9 to 10 points and 3 out of the top 3 cards Responder can then decide where to place the partnership
An Extension: Weak Jump-shifts So far weve only covered jump-shifting over opponents bids. Jump-shifting partner is a weak jump-shift (WJS), showing 2-5 points, 6+ cards and no support for other suits (if jump is at the 2 level), and 6-9 points instead if the jump is at the 3 level E.g. 1C 2H shows 0-5 points, 6+ hearts, no support for other suits E.g. 1H 3C shows 6-9 points, 6+ clubs, no support for other suits
Note Regarding WJS Traditional Standard American Yellow Carding (SAYC) dictates that jump-shifts over opponents are weak while jump-shifts over partner are strong Due to modern bridge methods which will be detailed in future, we find strong jump-shifts over opener by responder to be extraneous there are other forcing bids that can be made instead which can describe hands much better. We thus choose to use the WJS system which helps us make use of the otherwise extraneous jump-shift However, we will still keep openers jump-shifts over responder as a GF bid in accordance with SAYC methods as it is imperative for opener to have a tool to keep the bidding alive when holding a GF hand

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Lesson 7 Pre Empting

  • 1. Bridge Lessons - Intermediate NYU Bridge and Spades Club
  • 3. What is a Pre-emptive Bid? Pre-empting is opening a suit (not NT) bid at a level other than the 1 level or jump-shifting on top of opponents opener Opening 2C is an exception to this rule it is not a pre-emptive bid E.g. of jump-shifting opponent: 1H 2S Pre-emptive bids are weak bids Historically, opening bids at levels higher than 1 were strong bids. However, with the modern bridge methods detailed in Lesson 4 and the advent of other bidding gadgets, there is no longer a point in opening at a higher level to show a strong hand
  • 4. Why Bid Pre-emptively? In general, you open to show strength. However, Im now advocating opening with weak hands And at a higher level! Why? Blocking bid by opening at a higher level with a weak hand, opponents (who probably have strong hands) have less space to discover where to play Especially useful when youre non-vulnerable and opponents are vulnerable
  • 5. The Mechanics of Pre-emptive Bids A pre-empt at the 2 nd level shows 6 cards in the suit and 6-10 points With 11+ points and 6 cards in a suit, you can always open at the 1-level by rule of 20 A pre-empt at the 3 rd level shows 7+ cards in the suit and 6-10 points A pre-empt at the 4 th level shows a 7+ card self-sufficient suit (usually topped by at least KQJ) and no interest in playing any other suit or NT. This is generally done only after partner has passed opening bid. Important: you may only open pre-emptively with at least one of the 3 top cards in the suit i.e. at least 2 points in that suit alone
  • 6. What can Responder do over Pre-empts? Support partners suit to next level with 3 cards and <opening hand Bid 3NT with good fit in partners suit, stoppers/winners in all other suits and opening hand Bid game in partners suit with appropriately distributional/strong hand and a fit
  • 7. What if Responder is Strong? Ogust the 2NT bid over a weak 2 opener 2NT shows an opening hand and a fit with opener Opener rebids: 3C: 6 to 8- points and 1 out of the top 3 cards 3D: 6 to 8- points and 2 out of the top 3 cards 3H: 8+ to 10 points and 1 out of the top 3 cards 3S: 8+ to 10 points and 2 out of the top 3 cards 3NT: 9 to 10 points and 3 out of the top 3 cards Responder can then decide where to place the partnership
  • 8. An Extension: Weak Jump-shifts So far weve only covered jump-shifting over opponents bids. Jump-shifting partner is a weak jump-shift (WJS), showing 2-5 points, 6+ cards and no support for other suits (if jump is at the 2 level), and 6-9 points instead if the jump is at the 3 level E.g. 1C 2H shows 0-5 points, 6+ hearts, no support for other suits E.g. 1H 3C shows 6-9 points, 6+ clubs, no support for other suits
  • 9. Note Regarding WJS Traditional Standard American Yellow Carding (SAYC) dictates that jump-shifts over opponents are weak while jump-shifts over partner are strong Due to modern bridge methods which will be detailed in future, we find strong jump-shifts over opener by responder to be extraneous there are other forcing bids that can be made instead which can describe hands much better. We thus choose to use the WJS system which helps us make use of the otherwise extraneous jump-shift However, we will still keep openers jump-shifts over responder as a GF bid in accordance with SAYC methods as it is imperative for opener to have a tool to keep the bidding alive when holding a GF hand