Lesson3
- 1. 油
- 2. An Abuse of Power At the beginning of the 13th Century, King John ruled over England, after the death of his brother King Richard the Lionheart. King John used unfair practices to control the people: Unfair taxes Rules that limited individual rights Dictator style of leadership
- 3. 油
- 4. Magna Carta The Great Charter Signed in 1215, the Magna Carta limited the kings power and protected individual rights: Due process of law Property protection Proper taxation
- 5. The Importance of the Magna Carta First written Western document acknowledging the protection of individual rights. English tradition and structures served as an example for future English and colonial documents.
- 6. English Bill of Rights 1689 : Englands Parliament furthered the protection of individual rights by forcing the King and Queen of England to sign into effect the English Bill of Rights . The English Bill of Rights served as an example for: The colonial bills of rights The 10 amendments of the U.S. Constitution, ( The Bill of Rights ).
- 7. 油
- 8. Reasons for Representative Government Protestant religion called for self-government & independent churches Long distance from the English parliament English tradition and structures Isolated communities
- 9. House of Burgesses Established in 1619, the Virginia House of Burgesses was the first representative government in the New World. They met to determine laws for the people of their colony.
- 10. Mayflower Compact Because the Pilgrims landed off course in 1620 they were outside of the laws of the Virginia Company. The settlers had to create a compact that guaranteed their individual rights. This compact became known as the Mayflower Compact . The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document created in the American colonies.
- 11. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut served as the first written colonial constitution. The Orders protected the individual rights of the Connecticut colonists. The constitution also established a religious tolerant government and helped to serve as an example for future colonial constitutions. The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people." Thomas Hooker
- 12. The Results of Colonial Self-Government Colonists believed their rights as British citizens were secured by both the British and colonial governments. The long distance from Britain caused the colonists to become self-governing and self-sufficient. It would not be until the British government threatened the status of the colonists self-government that the colonists decided to rebel.
Editor's Notes
- #3: In order to understand the foundations of our government today and that of our founding fathers, we need to take a look back, way back. This is a picture of King John. His actions angered the people of England, especially the English nobles. You know the story of Robin Hood, well he is the King they are fighting. Using their power, the nobles forced King John to sign a charter protecting the fundamental rights of the people.
- #5: Although many of the rights protected under the Magna Carta only served a small portion of the populationthe wealthy noblesit served as a foundation for future protection of rights for all people.
- #6: So why is the Magna Carta a document as old as dirt, so important to our history? Without individual rights our entire lives would be dictated by the government. Another document is also important
- #7: Around 1628 England was experiencing Civil Wars between the monarchy (King/Queen) and Parliament, The Civil Wars saw the power of England being exchanged between Parliaments and a monarch. Prior to King William and Queen Mary seen here, the Parliament were in charge of the government but needed assistance so they restored King James who was Catholic, but when his wife had a son the Parliament feared they would return England to a catholic monarchy so they forced out King James and placed his daughter a protestant from a previous marriage and her husband to the throne and had them sign the English Bill of Rights. Many of the settlers going to the colonies in the 1630s and later were used to certain individual rights in England which they felt extended to the New World. Tomorrow we will discuss how those individual rights transferred to the colonies.
- #9: The English men and women who traveled to the New World were English citizens. They expected to maintain their English rights while in the American colonies. So, to ensure their rights they established colonial governments.
- #10: A colonial assembly consisted of persons elected as representatives to government.
- #11: It is importance lies in the belief that for government to be legitimate, it must come from those it governs.
- #12: The Fundamental Orders is a short document that contains 11 Orders. These adopted principles were later applied in helping shape the United States Constitution. Government is based on the rights of an individual, and the orders spell out some of those rights, as well as how the government ensures them.