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LinkedIn_The_FukushimaNuclearAccident_A Geological_Warning_CESIUM 137

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Judy B. Gardiner

The document discusses the Fukushima nuclear accident and draws analogies to volcanic activity. It poses a series of questions about how chemicals released during the accident, such as sulfur-35 and cesium-137, could interact with volcanic gases and rocks. Specifically, it inquires whether sulfur-35 could impact volcanic structures or transport radioactive material to water/soil near volcanoes. It also asks if cesium-137 deposition is being examined in volcanic soils and sediments, and if uranyl peroxide could disperse uranium in submarine volcanic environments. Overall, the document suggests the Fukushima releases could exacerbate chemical reactions within the Earth and warrant further geological study.

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THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 BACKGROUND Some experts think that chlorine activation by neutrons was an obvious source of 35 S. Others maintain the creation path of 35 S was not so obvious. General consensus: Chlorine in seawater transmuted into 35 S, then spread across the ocean by winds. This transformation occurred because the disabling of the cooling systems forced operators to flood the reactor cores with vast quantities of seawater. Salt is sodium chloride, and when the dissolved chlorine was bombarded with neutrons from the exposed fuel rods, it was transformed into an unstable form of sulfur - sulfur-35. As the seawater boiled to steam, it was vented off to prevent explosions. That steam took with it the newly created sulfur-35. The release of radioactivity from Fukushima¨Cboth as atmospheric fallout and direct discharges to the ocean¨Crepresents the largest accidental release of radiation to the ocean in history. INQUIRY This inquiry poses questions involving chemicals released in the Fukushima Nuclear Accident analogizing it with the premise that an alchemical transmutation is taking place within the earth. The release of radioactivity from Fukushima may either be a precursor to such transmutation or exacerbated what is already occurring. ANALOGY OF FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS TO VOLCANIC SITES I call attention to magmatic disturbances where oceanic and continental volcanic zones exist. Analogizing the Fukushima disaster to potential volcanic eruptions indicates the presence of many of the same elements: heat emitted from radioactive decay, sulfur gas, chlorine, plus other volcanic gases and hazardous waste material. 1
THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 Stress triggering reactions with neighboring faults and various sulfur releases including ship sulfur emissions in oceanic volcanic zones, could occur both ways (reactions triggering fault movement and fault movement triggering reactions). This could increase volatility and result in a potentially explosive gas that warns of global implications. This scenario raises the following questions: Sulfur Source material indicates that sulfur continuously turns back on itself producing more sulfur. I understand that sulfur-35 is normally formed through cosmic ray spallation of Argon gas in the atmosphere. When disbursed in water or soil, it poses the following questions: ?1. Could sulfur-35 interact with sulfur dioxide emitted from volcanoes? If so, how would it impact volcanic structures? ?2. Sulfur-35 decays1 to chlorine-35. Could precipitation in a radioactive debris field transport radioactive material to water and/or soil in oceanic and/or continental volcanic zones? In the case of Fukushima, we know it reached La Jolla, Cal. ?3. Could Cl-35 interact with chlorine gas emitted from a volcano? ?4. Can sulfur gas oxidize to become solid particles of sulfate, specifically in oceanic volcanic zones? It is reported that sulfate particles fell into the ocean, decayed, or eddied away from the stream of air heading toward California.2 1 Half-life: 87.2 days. 2 http://earthsky.org/earth/first-quantitative-measure-of-radiation-leaked-from-fukushima-reactor 2
THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 ?5. Climate researchers are studying the mixing and transport of gases and aerosols in the atmosphere, particularly sulfur-containing pollutants such as gaseous SO2 and aerosol-based SO4 2 .3 Is the mixing and transport of such gases being studied by oceanographers and geologists? ?6 Are any studies under way on piezoelectrically charged quartz passing through magma? (This is part 1 to a multi-part question.) Further questions related to chemicals released in the Fukushima accident, focus on: ? release of 137 Cs distribution and deposition in the soil from the damaged NPP ? the potential of Uranyl peroxide enhanced nuclear fuel corrosion in seawater.4 137 Cesium ?7. Is exploration of 137 Cs deposition in soil being conducted in areas of volcanic activity, particularly in benthic zones where hydrothermal vents exist? Not only is the total release of 137 Cs from the damaged NPP poorly known, but its variation with time is even more uncertain.5 It is not known know how this might affect benthic marine life, and with a half-life of 30 years, any 137 Cs accumulating in sediments or groundwater could be a concern for decades to come.6 A quantitative estimate of the distribution of 137 Cs deposition in soil and contamination of Japanese soil has been taken but spatial maps are urgently needed. 3 http://www.nuc.berkeley.edu/node/5340 4 http://www.pnas.org/content/109/6/1874.full 5 http://www.pnas.org/content/108/49/19530.full?sid=1a56f69f-2409-424c-87da-025ffea448ee 6 http://enenews.com/researchers-found-cesium-137-over-50-million-times-normal-levels 3
THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 Uranyl peroxide Uranyl peroxide enhanced nuclear fuel corrosion in seawater (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)7 These species will enhance the corrosion of the damaged fuel and, being thermodynamically stable and kinetically persistent in the absence of peroxide, they can potentially transport uranium over long distances.8 These uranyl peroxide cluster compounds are thus an energetic intermediate between dissolved aqueous species and uranyl minerals. The thermodynamic stability of such clusters in the absence of excess peroxide also indicates they may disperse in the environment through transport in water.9 ?8. Based on the above excerpts, would dispersion of uranyl absent excess peroxide in the environment apply to transport of uranium in submarine volcanic areas? MAGNETISM FOUND IN ROCKS: CFC¡¯s IN ACID RAIN ARE ATTRACTED TO HYDROCARBONS IN CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS ¡°There¡¯s a discussion about why the rain falls in certain places. I¡¯m explaining that it depends on the magnetism found in rocks ¨C that certain rocks attract the rainwater, which has acid. I talk about the CFCs in the rain being attracted to hydrocarbons ¨C carboniferous rocks. I think about the magnetic pull of acids in rain to rocks.¡± Source material cited above in italics. To the best of my knowledge research has not revealed data concerning the above but carboniferous rocks in volcanic zones exist throughout the world. ?9. If the above is correct, would 35 S in the atmosphere compound this? 7 Op. cit. http://www.pnas.org/content/109/6/1874.full 8 Ibid. 9 Ibid. 4
THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 Note that around 90% of the total deposition of 137 Cs occurred with frontal rain band precipitation.10 ?10. Based on the foregoing, would 137 Cs accumulating in sediments interact with CFC¡¯s in acid rain? Example: Geological foundations of Scotland¡¯s Central Belt are buried in part by carboniferous rocks (359-299 mya).11 Lava fields in Edinburgh represent the remains of early Carboniferous volcanoes. In March 2011 a gas leak under a North Sea drilling platform on the east coast of Scotland was evacuated after gas began leaking from the seabed and formed a huge potentially inflammable cloud around the well head. PREMISE The interaction of chemicals released at Fukushima resulting in sulfur radiation in addition to the magnetic pull of acid rain to carboniferous rocks may be applicable to volcanic activity where such rocks or coal deposits exist, thereby requiring examination. This derives from the theory of disintegration in which piezoelectrically charged quartz passing through magma in a field where sulfur giving off a gaseous substance (indirectly from uranium decay) is continuously disintegrating while the gaseous discharge is being produced. Elemental sulfur is found in volcanic regions. When in indirect contact with the heat of uranium decay it continuously turns back on itself, producing more sulfur. I suspect this disintegration to be the cause of an alchemical transmutation within the earth which I call Sulfuranium, a radioactive gas. This inquiry requests that it be examined by the proper scientific authorities. 10 http://www.pnas.org/content/108/49/19530.full?sid=1a56f69f-2409-424c-87da-025ffea448ee 11 http://www.snh.gov.uk/about-scotlands-nature/rocks-soils-and-landforms/rocks-and-minerals/rocks- formed-after/carboniferous/ 5
THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 6

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LinkedIn_The_FukushimaNuclearAccident_A Geological_Warning_CESIUM 137

  • 1. THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 BACKGROUND Some experts think that chlorine activation by neutrons was an obvious source of 35 S. Others maintain the creation path of 35 S was not so obvious. General consensus: Chlorine in seawater transmuted into 35 S, then spread across the ocean by winds. This transformation occurred because the disabling of the cooling systems forced operators to flood the reactor cores with vast quantities of seawater. Salt is sodium chloride, and when the dissolved chlorine was bombarded with neutrons from the exposed fuel rods, it was transformed into an unstable form of sulfur - sulfur-35. As the seawater boiled to steam, it was vented off to prevent explosions. That steam took with it the newly created sulfur-35. The release of radioactivity from Fukushima¨Cboth as atmospheric fallout and direct discharges to the ocean¨Crepresents the largest accidental release of radiation to the ocean in history. INQUIRY This inquiry poses questions involving chemicals released in the Fukushima Nuclear Accident analogizing it with the premise that an alchemical transmutation is taking place within the earth. The release of radioactivity from Fukushima may either be a precursor to such transmutation or exacerbated what is already occurring. ANALOGY OF FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS TO VOLCANIC SITES I call attention to magmatic disturbances where oceanic and continental volcanic zones exist. Analogizing the Fukushima disaster to potential volcanic eruptions indicates the presence of many of the same elements: heat emitted from radioactive decay, sulfur gas, chlorine, plus other volcanic gases and hazardous waste material. 1
  • 2. THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 Stress triggering reactions with neighboring faults and various sulfur releases including ship sulfur emissions in oceanic volcanic zones, could occur both ways (reactions triggering fault movement and fault movement triggering reactions). This could increase volatility and result in a potentially explosive gas that warns of global implications. This scenario raises the following questions: Sulfur Source material indicates that sulfur continuously turns back on itself producing more sulfur. I understand that sulfur-35 is normally formed through cosmic ray spallation of Argon gas in the atmosphere. When disbursed in water or soil, it poses the following questions: ?1. Could sulfur-35 interact with sulfur dioxide emitted from volcanoes? If so, how would it impact volcanic structures? ?2. Sulfur-35 decays1 to chlorine-35. Could precipitation in a radioactive debris field transport radioactive material to water and/or soil in oceanic and/or continental volcanic zones? In the case of Fukushima, we know it reached La Jolla, Cal. ?3. Could Cl-35 interact with chlorine gas emitted from a volcano? ?4. Can sulfur gas oxidize to become solid particles of sulfate, specifically in oceanic volcanic zones? It is reported that sulfate particles fell into the ocean, decayed, or eddied away from the stream of air heading toward California.2 1 Half-life: 87.2 days. 2 http://earthsky.org/earth/first-quantitative-measure-of-radiation-leaked-from-fukushima-reactor 2
  • 3. THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 ?5. Climate researchers are studying the mixing and transport of gases and aerosols in the atmosphere, particularly sulfur-containing pollutants such as gaseous SO2 and aerosol-based SO4 2 .3 Is the mixing and transport of such gases being studied by oceanographers and geologists? ?6 Are any studies under way on piezoelectrically charged quartz passing through magma? (This is part 1 to a multi-part question.) Further questions related to chemicals released in the Fukushima accident, focus on: ? release of 137 Cs distribution and deposition in the soil from the damaged NPP ? the potential of Uranyl peroxide enhanced nuclear fuel corrosion in seawater.4 137 Cesium ?7. Is exploration of 137 Cs deposition in soil being conducted in areas of volcanic activity, particularly in benthic zones where hydrothermal vents exist? Not only is the total release of 137 Cs from the damaged NPP poorly known, but its variation with time is even more uncertain.5 It is not known know how this might affect benthic marine life, and with a half-life of 30 years, any 137 Cs accumulating in sediments or groundwater could be a concern for decades to come.6 A quantitative estimate of the distribution of 137 Cs deposition in soil and contamination of Japanese soil has been taken but spatial maps are urgently needed. 3 http://www.nuc.berkeley.edu/node/5340 4 http://www.pnas.org/content/109/6/1874.full 5 http://www.pnas.org/content/108/49/19530.full?sid=1a56f69f-2409-424c-87da-025ffea448ee 6 http://enenews.com/researchers-found-cesium-137-over-50-million-times-normal-levels 3
  • 4. THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 Uranyl peroxide Uranyl peroxide enhanced nuclear fuel corrosion in seawater (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)7 These species will enhance the corrosion of the damaged fuel and, being thermodynamically stable and kinetically persistent in the absence of peroxide, they can potentially transport uranium over long distances.8 These uranyl peroxide cluster compounds are thus an energetic intermediate between dissolved aqueous species and uranyl minerals. The thermodynamic stability of such clusters in the absence of excess peroxide also indicates they may disperse in the environment through transport in water.9 ?8. Based on the above excerpts, would dispersion of uranyl absent excess peroxide in the environment apply to transport of uranium in submarine volcanic areas? MAGNETISM FOUND IN ROCKS: CFC¡¯s IN ACID RAIN ARE ATTRACTED TO HYDROCARBONS IN CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS ¡°There¡¯s a discussion about why the rain falls in certain places. I¡¯m explaining that it depends on the magnetism found in rocks ¨C that certain rocks attract the rainwater, which has acid. I talk about the CFCs in the rain being attracted to hydrocarbons ¨C carboniferous rocks. I think about the magnetic pull of acids in rain to rocks.¡± Source material cited above in italics. To the best of my knowledge research has not revealed data concerning the above but carboniferous rocks in volcanic zones exist throughout the world. ?9. If the above is correct, would 35 S in the atmosphere compound this? 7 Op. cit. http://www.pnas.org/content/109/6/1874.full 8 Ibid. 9 Ibid. 4
  • 5. THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 Note that around 90% of the total deposition of 137 Cs occurred with frontal rain band precipitation.10 ?10. Based on the foregoing, would 137 Cs accumulating in sediments interact with CFC¡¯s in acid rain? Example: Geological foundations of Scotland¡¯s Central Belt are buried in part by carboniferous rocks (359-299 mya).11 Lava fields in Edinburgh represent the remains of early Carboniferous volcanoes. In March 2011 a gas leak under a North Sea drilling platform on the east coast of Scotland was evacuated after gas began leaking from the seabed and formed a huge potentially inflammable cloud around the well head. PREMISE The interaction of chemicals released at Fukushima resulting in sulfur radiation in addition to the magnetic pull of acid rain to carboniferous rocks may be applicable to volcanic activity where such rocks or coal deposits exist, thereby requiring examination. This derives from the theory of disintegration in which piezoelectrically charged quartz passing through magma in a field where sulfur giving off a gaseous substance (indirectly from uranium decay) is continuously disintegrating while the gaseous discharge is being produced. Elemental sulfur is found in volcanic regions. When in indirect contact with the heat of uranium decay it continuously turns back on itself, producing more sulfur. I suspect this disintegration to be the cause of an alchemical transmutation within the earth which I call Sulfuranium, a radioactive gas. This inquiry requests that it be examined by the proper scientific authorities. 10 http://www.pnas.org/content/108/49/19530.full?sid=1a56f69f-2409-424c-87da-025ffea448ee 11 http://www.snh.gov.uk/about-scotlands-nature/rocks-soils-and-landforms/rocks-and-minerals/rocks- formed-after/carboniferous/ 5
  • 6. THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR ACCIDENT: A GEOLOGICAL WARNING Judy B. Gardiner Rev. May 13, 2012 6