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Literary Devices
Literary devices are devices used by poets in
their poems. It is also called Figure of Speech.
We find lots of these in our poems.

Literary Devices
? Rhyming Word
? Alliteration
? Simile
? Metaphor
? Personification
? Imagery

Rhyming Word
(Words which ends in same sound)
Daffodils
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats over high over vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd
A host of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
- William Wordsworth

Rhyming Word
(Words which ends in same sound)
Trees
I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree.
A tree whose hungry mouth is prest
Against the earth’s sweet flowing breast.
A tree that looks at God all day
And lifts her leafy arms to pray.
Poems are made by fools like me
But only God can make a tree.
- Joyce Kilmer

Alliteration
(Words with same beginning sound)
March for Freedom
For the caged and confined
Always searching for freedom
Let’s wipe away their tears
Let’s take them to the highland of freedom.
Chorus:
Hand-in-hand we stand
Shoulder-to-shoulder we march
Heart-to-heart we reach
For peace, for justice, for freedom.
- Bhuchung D Sonam

SIMILE
(Making comparison using words :- LIKE or AS)
DAFFODILS
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats over high over hills and vales,
When all at once I saw a crowd
A host of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way
They stretched in never –ending line
Along the margin of a bay.
- William Wordsworth

SIMILE
(Making comparison using words :- LIKE or AS)
THE STORM
Looks like a puddle in the sky
And smells like a mouldy leather.
It sounds like a giant’s stomach rumbling
And feels like being turned inside out.
- Anonymous

Metaphor
(Comparison done without using words : LIKE or AS)
A Song
All my moments belong to you
And I am lonely still, enveloped
In the smoke of your shadow
Like a dandelion under a tree.
My head swells with your thoughts
And my heart is empty still, left
Behind by your pack of mares
Like a hoofless donkey.
You are a spotless distant moon
I’m a pebble on a shore
Waiting for the next wave
- Bhuchung D Sonam

Personification
(Giving human qualities to inanimate object. Inanimate objects
behave like human being)
WHEN IT RAINS IN DHARAMSHALA
When it rains in Dharamsala
raindrops wear boxing gloves,
thousands of them
come crashing down
and beat my room.
Under its tin roof
my room cries from inside
and wets my bed, my papers.
Sometimes the clever rain comes
from behind my room,
the treacherous walls lift
their heels and allow
a small flood into my room.
-Tenzin Tsundue

Personification
(Giving human qualities to inanimate object. Inanimate objects
behave like human being)
A SONG FROM A DISTANCE
My body is trapped in a heated room
Light shines from the ceiling.
A leather sofa invites me
To let my spine relax, But my heart runs
To that river by the village
That bridge made of leather thongs
Rocking with the wind,
That dusty yard where
I was tied to a boulder while mama
Worked in the field everyday.
Here grey houses stare at me
The people on the train.
-Bhuchung D Sonam

Imagery
(Words used to appeal for different senses)
Seista
After lunch
when the files had ceased buzzing
over the food-littered floor
and the air was still and heavy
when only the soft plop
of drops from a leaky tap
into a half-filled tin pail broke the quiet.
My wrinkled grandmother
would ask me to comb
her long wet hair
and as the comb furrowed
through the dark shining mass
and the smell of her coconut hair oil
mingled with the warmth of
midday sunshine
- Shampa Sinha

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Literary devices

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