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Aristotelian Tragedy
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An Aristotelian tragedy has three key elements: a tragic hero of high status whose flaws lead to downfall, a series of events caused by the hero's misjudgments culminating in death or exile, and an audience feeling of pity and catharsis. Aristotle also believed the plot should follow a cause-and-effect chain leading subtly to climax without deus ex machina interventions. Dialogue should reveal character and theme. While spectacle engages audiences, the story alone should suffice. "Things Fall Apart" lacks a truly heroic protagonist and its climax lacks catharsis, so it fails as an Aristotelian tragedy despite following Aristotle's plot structure.Macbeth intro
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This document provides context and background information about William Shakespeare's play Macbeth. It discusses when the play was written and some of its possible historical influences. It also outlines some key themes and motifs in the play, such as ambition, guilt, and the relationship between appearance and reality. Additionally, the document summarizes Aristotle's definition of tragedy and its typical elements, such as the tragic hero and catharsis.Catharsis And Video Games
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This document discusses the theory of catharsis as it relates to playing violent video games. The theory suggests that acting out aggression through video games can purge feelings of anger and frustration in a non-destructive way. However, the research on whether catharsis from video games actually reduces subsequent aggression is mixed. While some studies have found short-term reductions, others have found catharsis may increase aggressive thoughts and behaviors over the long-term through mechanisms like modeling aggression, disinhibition, and reinforcement of aggressive behaviors. The author ultimately concludes that catharsis from video games is unlikely to reduce aggression in the long-run and suggests alternative strategies like mindfulness and distraction are better approaches.Greek tragedy
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The document provides an overview of the origins and development of Greek drama. It begins with the spread of the cult of Dionysus throughout Greece in the 6th century BCE and the development of theatrical performances as part of religious festivals. It then discusses the major playwrights such as Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides who established the genres of tragedy and comedy. Finally, it covers elements of Greek drama such as the use of masks, theatrical conventions, and Aristotle's analysis of tragedy in his Poetics.Catharsis
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The document discusses different theories about the function and purpose of tragedy. It covers the catharsis process, purification theory, and examines perspectives that tragedy helps temper emotions, provides a form of learning or pleasure, and serves purposes beyond just purgation or purification such as psychological or ethical interpretations. The document also references theorists like Lucas, Richards, Robertello, and Castelvetro in relation to these various theories and approaches to understanding tragedy.Tragic hero
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This document provides an overview of the concept of the tragic hero according to Aristotle and analyzes three literary figures - Dr. Faustus, Hamlet, and Adam - as examples. It defines the characteristics of a tragic hero as someone of high status who falls from prosperity due to a tragic flaw or error in judgment. For each figure, it identifies their initial position and prosperity, their hamartia or tragic flaw that leads to their downfall, and how they ultimately meet a disastrous end.Aristotle's concept of tragedy
Aristotle's concept of tragedyMaria Aleem
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This document summarizes Aristotle's concept of tragedy based on his definition and analysis of its key elements. The most important elements are plot, character, and hamartia (tragic flaw). A good plot involves a change in fortune from happiness to misery for a protagonist who is neither perfectly good nor bad. It also includes a peripety (reversal) or discovery. The plot aims to arouse emotions of pity and fear in the audience through the hero's downfall, culminating in a catharsis or release of these emotions. Character and hamartia relate to creating a believable yet imperfect hero. Other elements like language, spectacle, and thought/diction are less crucial but should still be done well.Elements of greek tragedy and the tragic hero
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Greek tragedy dealt with themes of love, loss, pride and the abuse of power. The protagonists typically commit a terrible crime without realizing their arrogance, and then as they realize their error, destruction ensues. Key playwrights included Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. Satyr plays made light of tragedy's characters and were performed between tragic acts. The Greeks believed fate determined events and one should not act with excessive pride or hubris, as this could lead to downfall. Aristotle defined tragedy as evoking pity and fear through a noble protagonist's demise due to an error, bringing catharsis to audiences.Things fall apart
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Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is set in late 19th century Nigeria and focuses on the Igbo tribe's struggle with the arrival of British colonialism. The main character, Okonkwo, is a respected warrior who must go into exile for seven years after accidentally killing a boy. During his exile, missionaries arrive in his village of Umuofia preaching a foreign religion. When Okonkwo returns, he finds that the British administration is challenging the clan's traditions and autonomy. Tensions rise and eventually lead to violence as the clan resists the colonizers' encroachment on their way of life.Effects of advertising on children 17
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Advertising can have both positive and negative effects on children. Positively, ads make children aware of new products and some include moral lessons. However, ads can also negatively influence children by encouraging unhealthy purchases, luxury demands, and exposure to dangerous stunts or inappropriate language. Public service announcements provide an alternative to pure advertisements aimed solely at children for fun.Effect of globelization in
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The document provides a summary of the effects of globalization depicted in Aravind Adiga's novel The White Tiger. It discusses how the novel portrays two contrasting Indias - a modern global economy and the crushing rural poverty experienced by the protagonist Balram. Born into a poor village, Balram is taken out of school and works in a teashop before embarking on a journey of amoral entrepreneurial success that takes him from rural darkness to the light of India's growing economy. The novel also examines the master-servant relationship and social hierarchy in India.With example of class 10 text book
With example of class 10 text bookpriyaba
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The poem describes a traveler stopping in the woods on a snowy evening to watch the woods fill with snow. The traveler knows whose woods they are, though the owner's house is in the village nearby. The owner will not see the traveler stopping there. The traveler's horse may think it's strange to stop without a nearby farm between the woods and frozen lake on this darkest evening of the year. The poem suggests the time in the forest is evening during winter, when the lake has frozen over due to cold temperatures. The line "Miles to go before I sleep" indicates the traveler has further to travel before reaching their destination and resting for the night.17.304.sarvaiya.priyaba
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This document appears to be notes from an English class, containing student names, topics like the communicative approach and pair work, and a sample dialogue between two students, Rina and Ram, greeting each other and asking how each other are doing.17.305.sarvaiya.priyaba
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The document discusses racial identity and relationships between people of color and white people. It describes a woman of color who secretly wants to be white and loves a white man in order to join the white world, losing her own identity. It also describes a man of color who wants to be recognized as white and believes a white woman's love will prove he is worthy of white love and allow him to be seen as a white man. Both examples show people of color desiring whiteness and white acceptance.17.303.sarvaiya. priyaba
17.303.sarvaiya. priyabapriyaba
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Pearl is the daughter of Hester Prynne and Reverend Dimmesdale in The Scarlet Letter. She serves as a symbolic character and mouthpiece for the author, representing the sin of her mother Hester and Dimmesdale. Pearl plays a crucial role in revealing the relationship between Hester and Dimmesdale.10
10priyaba
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Comparative literature is an academic field that deals with literature from different linguistic, cultural, or national groups by comparing different art forms and genres across borders. It originated from the French school's influence and focus on works without borders, while the German school emphasized the spirit of the time and the American school applied a comparative approach to literature.9
9priyaba
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Charles Dickens was an observer of 19th century English society who depicted baby farms, workhouses, the failure of charity, Mr. Fang's court, society's negative attitude towards underprivileged children, and the world of Fagin and Sikes in his works.Wordsworth’s poetry
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Wordsworth sought beauty in nature and saw it as a source of moral consolation. His poetry went through three stages: initially enjoying nature without deeper meaning, then appreciating its sweet sensations, and finally using intense imagination. He viewed nature as a teacher of human morality and had mother-like feelings for it.Literary terms
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This document discusses literary terms and concepts from ancient Indian poetics. It covers alamkara, the earliest school of Indian poetics started by Bhamasha. Alamkara categorizes figures of speech into arthalankar related to meaning, shabdalankar related to sound, and other tropes like vakrokti, slesa, citra, anuprasa, yamaka, and vatava. The document also discusses auchitya or appropriateness in literature. It explains dhvani, the theory of suggested meaning, as conceived by Anandvardhan, which sees literature as conveying indirect meanings and integrates rasa theory with suggested meaning.Another parsdise lost
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A student found a snake under their fridge on a summer afternoon. The snake spoke to the student in Tamil, revealing it was an exile. The student chose not to attack the snake after it pleaded for its life in its native language.Nature and function of translation
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This document provides information about a student named Sravaiya Priyaba with roll number 33. It discusses how translation has often been criticized as an act of violence that is parasitic and subservient to the creative act. However, it also notes that criticism is also an act of violence. The document questions what is really meant by such criticisms and notes that translation involves translating culture while serving two masters.Satire with the reference to neo classical age
Satire with the reference to neo classical agepriyaba
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This document discusses satire as a form of literature from the Neo-Classical Age, including direct satire styles like Horatian and Jovenalian satire, and indirect satire. It also lists some major satirists from this period like Dryden, Pop, and Swift. The document was written by Sarvaiya Priyaba with roll number 33 and thanks their guide Ruchira mam.Anand as humanist
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Anand rejected traditional philosophies, old religions, and classics and instead focused on humanitarianism and human nature as depicted in his novel about the human condition and struggle for identity and self-definition. The main character in the novel attended a speech by Gandhi.Character sketch of hamlet pttp
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Hamlet is a philosophical and intellectual character who uses puns and word-play, while also being introspective as he is a victim of circumstances outside of his control, causing him to hesitate in taking action.Character sketch of hamlet
Character sketch of hamletpriyaba
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Hamlet is a philosophical and intellectual character who uses puns and wordplay, yet is also introspective and contemplative. As the victim of circumstances beyond his control, Hamlet tends to think and analyze situations more than taking direct action.Character sketch of hamlet
Character sketch of hamletpriyaba
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Hamlet is a philosophical and intellectual character who uses puns and wordplay, yet is also introspective and contemplative. As the victim of circumstances beyond his control, Hamlet tends to think and analyze situations more than taking direct action.Dr. Ansari Khurshid Ahmed- Factors affecting Validity of a Test.pptx
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Validity is an important characteristic of a test. A test having low validity is of little use. Validity is the accuracy with which a test measures whatever it is supposed to measure. Validity can be low, moderate or high. There are many factors which affect the validity of a test. If these factors are controlled, then the validity of the test can be maintained to a high level. In the power point presentation, factors affecting validity are discussed with the help of concrete examples.Full-Stack .NET Developer Interview Questions PDF By ScholarHat
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The poem describes a traveler stopping in the woods on a snowy evening to watch the woods fill with snow. The traveler knows whose woods they are, though the owner's house is in the village nearby. The owner will not see the traveler stopping there. The traveler's horse may think it's strange to stop without a nearby farm between the woods and frozen lake on this darkest evening of the year. The poem suggests the time in the forest is evening during winter, when the lake has frozen over due to cold temperatures. The line "Miles to go before I sleep" indicates the traveler has further to travel before reaching their destination and resting for the night.17.304.sarvaiya.priyaba
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17.303.sarvaiya. priyabapriyaba
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Pearl is the daughter of Hester Prynne and Reverend Dimmesdale in The Scarlet Letter. She serves as a symbolic character and mouthpiece for the author, representing the sin of her mother Hester and Dimmesdale. Pearl plays a crucial role in revealing the relationship between Hester and Dimmesdale.10
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Comparative literature is an academic field that deals with literature from different linguistic, cultural, or national groups by comparing different art forms and genres across borders. It originated from the French school's influence and focus on works without borders, while the German school emphasized the spirit of the time and the American school applied a comparative approach to literature.9
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- 1. Tragic hero Hamartia catharsis
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