Over 80% of wild macadamia trees in Australia have been lost since 1788 due to threats like habitat clearing, fragmentation, and altered fire regimes. The four wild macadamia species that are endemic to Australia are now all threatened and listed as such in the IUCN Red List. In response, the Macadamia Conservation Trust was established in 2007 to help conserve and recover wild macadamia populations through activities like surveys, germplasm collection, and a recovery plan. The Trust's vision is to ensure healthy wild macadamia populations by working with partners, raising public awareness, and contributions from the Australian macadamia industry.