Businesses often fail up to 46% it's due to poor cost control.
They sell the necessary amount of goods and services were in front, but they lost quite a lot investment money behind and then they go bankrupt.
Solutions to cut Logistics costs include: (1) optimize and standardize processes (SOP); (2) optimize resources and operations; (3) eliminate all waste at any stage or point throughout the entire production and business process.
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LOGISTICS SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCING COSTS-GP cat giam chi phi logistics-Danny Diep Toh, MBA
1. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 1
1
KINH DOANH THNH CNG HN
NH畛 GI畉I PHP C畉T GI畉M CHI PH
LOGISTICS
Danny Diep Toh, MBA, diepto.pro@gmail.com
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
TH畉 NO L
KINH DOANH THNH CNG ?
2
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
2. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 2
3
KINH DOANH THNH CNG
l khi b畉n b動畛c t畛i 動畛c m畛c ti棚u kinh doanh 達
畛nh tr動畛c, v動畛t qua m畛i v畉n 畛, th畉t b畉i hay kh坦
khn b畉ng s畛 n畛 l畛c !
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
4
M畛C TIU C B畉N C畛A DOANH NGHI畛P (4)
(1) M畛c ti棚u t畛n t畉i:
-但y l m畛c ti棚u ch鱈nh c畛a c叩c doanh nghi畛p g畉p
kh坦 khn l畛n trong kinh doanh, do c畉nh tranh gay
g畉t ho畉c do nhu c畉u, s畛 th鱈ch c畛a ng動畛i ti棚u th畛
thay 畛i.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
3. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 3
5
-Trong tr動畛ng h畛p ny l畛i nhu畉n 鱈t quan tr畛ng h董n
s畛 t畛n t畉i, t畛n t畉i 畛 ch畛 th畛i c董 ph叩t tri畛n.
Tuy nhi棚n 但y ch畛 l m畛c ti棚u ng畉n h畉n.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
6
(2) M畛c ti棚u t畛i a h坦a l畛i nhu畉n hi畛n hnh:
-Nhi畛u doanh nghi畛p mu畛n 畛 ra m畛c ti棚u t畛i a
h坦a l畛i nhu畉n tr動畛c m畉t.
-H畛 動畛c l動畛ng nhu c畉u v chi ph鱈, t畛 坦 畛nh gi叩
b叩n s畉n ph畉m cao s畉 t畉o 動畛c l畛i nhu畉n cao nh畉t
ho畉c t畛 su畉t l畛i nhu畉n t畛i a.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
4. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 4
7
(3) M畛c ti棚u gia tng kh畛i l動畛ng b叩n:
-但y l m畛c ti棚u th動畛ng xuy棚n v quan tr畛ng c畛a
h畉u h畉t c叩c doanh nghi畛p, nh畉m chi畉m 動畛c m畛t th畛
ph畉n l畛n hay d畉n 畉u v畛 th畛 ph畉n.
-Khi d畉n 畉u th畛 ph畉n th狸 kh畉 nng gi畉m chi ph鱈 s畉
cao h董n v l畛i nhu畉n trong di h畉n s畉 tng.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
8
(4) M畛c ti棚u d畉n 畉u v畛 ch畉t l動畛ng s畉n ph畉m:
-Doanh nghi畛p lm sao 畛 hng h坦a c畛a m狸nh c坦
ch畉t l動畛ng cao nh畉t so v畛i c叩c lo畉i hng h坦a
t動董ng t畛 tr棚n th畛 tr動畛ng.
-Do chi ph鱈 cao n棚n th担ng th動畛ng doanh nghi畛p
ph畉i b叩n s畉n ph畉m v畛i gi叩 cao 畛 b湛 畉p c叩c chi
ph鱈 坦.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
5. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 5
CHI PH LOGISTICS
9
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
1. CHI PH LOGISTICS
1.1 畛nh ngh挑a Chi ph鱈 Logistics
- Chi ph鱈 Logistics l t畛ng chi ph鱈 v畉n hnh c叩c
ho畉t 畛ng Logistics c畛a m畛t doanh nghi畛p s畉n
xu畉t kinh doanh ho畉c cung 畛ng d畛ch v畛 Logistics.
-C叩c ngnh kinh doanh kh叩c nhau c坦 m畛c chi ph鱈
Logistics kh叩c nhau.
(Ph畛c v畛 kh叩ch hng T畛I A
v畛i chi ph鱈 T畛I THI畛U)
10
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
6. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 6
FORWARDING LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAIN MGT
1852 Switzerland
(Vansai)
(Container)
DDT (C) GP C畉t gi畉mChi ph鱈Logistics 11
Finance svc
Integrated
SCM
Integrated
LOGS
Ronald H. Ballou, (2007)
FWDG
Danny
DT
1.2 Thnh ph畉n chi ph鱈 Logistics (3)
-T畛ng chi ph鱈 logistics bao g畛m 3 lo畉i chi ph鱈 ch畛
y畉u:
(1) Chi ph鱈 giao nh畉n hng h坦a: (Forwarding
cost)
-Chi ph鱈 giao nh畉n hng h坦a bao g畛m: c叩c chi ph鱈
畛 th畛c hon t畉t c叩c y棚u c畉u c畛a 董n 畉t hng
(chi ph鱈 ph但n lo畉i, ki畛m tra, bao b狸 坦ng g坦i, d叩n
nh達n, ph但n ph畛i hng h坦a)
-Chi ph鱈 giao nh畉n hng h坦a li棚n quan m畉t thi畉t v畛i
chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n, chi ph鱈 kho b達i.
12
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
7. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 7
1.CP Giao nh畉n
2.CP V畉n chuy畛n
3.CP Kho b達i
THNH PH畉N CHI PH LOGISTICS (3)
13
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
(2) Chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n: (Transport cost)
-Chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n l m畛t trong nh畛ng kho畉n chi
ph鱈 l畛n nh畉t trong t畛ng chi ph鱈 logistics.
-Chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n ch畛u s畛 畉nh h動畛ng c畛a nhi畛u
y畉u t畛 nh動: lo畉i hng h坦a, quy m担 董n hng,
tuy畉n 動畛ng v畉n chuy畛n, th畛i gian v畉n
chuy畛n
14
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
8. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 8
(3) Chi ph鱈 kho b達i: (Storage cost)
-Chi ph鱈 qu畉n l箪 kho bao g畛m chi ph鱈 thi畉t k畉 m畉ng
l動畛i kho chi ph鱈 kh畉o s叩t, ch畛n 畛a i畛m v x但y
d畛ng kho hng.
-S畛 l動畛ng kho hng c畉n cho ho畉t 畛ng Logistics
c坦 畉nh h動畛ng 畉n d畛ch v畛 kh叩ch hng v doanh
thu c畛a doanh nghi畛p.
15
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
16
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
9. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 9
17
V畉n chuy畛n l kh但u quan tr畛ng nh畉t trong
Logistic. Chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n chi畉m t畛 40 60% chi
ph鱈 Logistics.
T畛ng chi ph鱈 logistics (bao g畛m giao nh畉n, v畉n
chuy畛n, kho b達i) 動畛c t鱈nh chi畉m t畛i 20% t畛ng chi
ph鱈 s畉n xu畉t 畛 c叩c n動畛c ang ph叩t tri畛n.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
20%
60%
15%
Chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n (VN) chi畉m t畛 40 60% chi ph鱈 logistics
Chi ph鱈 logistics (VN) chi畉m t畛i 20% t畛ng chi ph鱈 s畉n xu畉t
18
V畉n chuy畛n
Logistics
V畉n chuy畛n
V畉n chuy畛n
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
10. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 10
19
仰畛i v畛i ho畉t 畛ng xu畉t nh畉p kh畉u, chi ph鱈 v畉n
chuy畛n chi畉m t畛 tr畛ng kh叩 l畛n, theo s畛 li畛u th畛ng k棚
c畛a UNCTAD (Di畛n n Th動董ng m畉i v Ph叩t tri畛n
Li棚n Hi畛p qu畛c) th狸 chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n 動畛ng bi畛n
chi畉m kho畉ng 10-15% gi叩 FOB, hay 8-9% gi叩 CIF.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
C動畛c VTQT t畛 SIN-HPH: USD 250/20ft
C動畛c VTND t畛 HCM-HPH: USD 400/20ft
Chi ph鱈 VT n畛i 畛a cao => Chi ph鱈 VT trong gi叩 FOB cao
20
i畛u
ki畛n
Gi叩
EXW
Ph鱈
EXW
C動畛c
VTND
Gi叩
FOB
T畛 l畛
%
FOB 2,200 100 400 2,700 14.81
i畛u
ki畛n
Gi叩
FOB
B畉o
Hi畛m
C動畛c
VTQT
Gi叩
CIF
T畛 l畛
%
CIF 2,700 20 250 2,970 8.42
C働畛C VT N畛I 畛A & VT QU畛C T畉
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
11. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 11
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C働畛C VT N畛I 畛A & VT QU畛C T畉
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
22
S畛 li畛u c畛a Coyle (2003) cho th畉y:
Chi ph鱈 logistics chi畉m 7,46% c畛a doanh thu b叩n
hng, bao g畛m:
-chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n l 3.24%,
-chi ph鱈 kho hng l 1.84%,
-chi ph鱈 giao nh畉n hng l 0.48%,
-chi ph鱈 qu畉n l箪 0.38%,
-chi ph鱈 t畛n kho l 1.52%
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
12. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 12
GI畉I PHP C畉T GI畉M CP LOGISTICS
23
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
24
2.GI畉I PHP C畉T GI畉M CHI PH LOGISTICS
KI畛M SOT CHI PH
C叩c doanh nghi畛p th動畛ng th畉t b畉i chi畉m t畛i 46%
坦 l do kh畉 nng ki畛m so叩t chi ph鱈 k辿m c畛i.
H畛 b叩n 動畛c 畛 s畛 l動畛ng hng h坦a v d畛ch v畛 c畉n
thi畉t 畛 畉ng tr動畛c, nh動ng h畛 l畉i m畉t i kh叩 nhi畛u
ti畛n 畉u t動 畛 畉ng sau v r畛i h畛 ph叩 s畉n.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
13. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 13
Gi畉i ph叩p c畉t gi畉m chi ph鱈 Logistics bao g畛m: (3)
(1) t畛i 動u h坦a, ti棚u chu畉n h坦a c叩c qui tr狸nh (SOP);
(2) t畛i 動u h坦a c叩c ngu畛n l畛c, thao t叩c;
(3) lo畉i b畛 m畛i l達ng ph鱈 畛 b畉t k畛 kh但u no, i畛m no
trong ton b畛 qu叩 tr狸nh ho畉t 畛ng s畉n xu畉t kinh doanh.
25
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
26
-Li棚n t畛c lo畉i b畛 m畛i l達ng ph鱈: (7)
(1)s畉n xu畉t d動 th畛a (overproduction);
(2) hng c坦 l畛i (defects);
(3) t畛n kho (inventory);
(4) v畉n chuy畛n (transport);
(5) ch畛 畛i (waiting);
(6) thao t叩c (motion); v
(7) qui tr狸nh v畉n hnh (process).
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
14. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 14
27
近 Vi畛t Nam, chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n chi畉m t畛 tr畛ng
l畛n, kho畉ng 60% t畛ng chi ph鱈 Logistics.
V狸 v畉y vi畛c gi畉m chi ph鱈 logistics tr動畛c h畉t t畉p
trung vo gi畉m chi ph鱈 v畉n chuy畛n.
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
C畉T GI畉M T畛NG CHI PH LOGISTICS
(TOTAL LOGISTICS COSTS SAVING)
28
Optimal Size/ Number
GP C畉t gi畉mChi ph鱈Logistics
DDT (C)
15. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 15
THU NGOI DV LOGISTICS
29
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
3. THU NGOI D畛CH V畛 LOGISTICS
3.1 Kh叩i ni畛m:
-Thu棚 ngoi ho畉t 畛ng Logistics (Logistics Services
Outsourcing) l s畛 d畛ng nh cung 畛ng b棚n th畛 ba
cho ton b畛 ho畉c m畛t ph畉n quy tr狸nh Logistics c畛a
doanh nghi畛p.
30
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
16. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 16
T畛 L畛 THU NGOI CH畛 Y畉U (5)
31
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
32
CC HO畉T 畛NG THU NGOI CH畛 Y畉U
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
17. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 17
-Khi c叩c doanh nghi畛p t畛 lm d畛ch v畛, t畛 畉u t動 x但y
d畛ng kho b達i hay mua s畉m ph動董ng ti畛n v畉n
chuy畛n s畉 c畉n r畉t nhi畛u v畛n 畉u t動 v kh坦 畉t 畉n
tr狸nh 畛 chuy棚n nghi畛p.
-Trong khi kh畉 nng khai th叩c th畉p, v狸 th畉 ch畉m
thu h畛i v畛n, kh担ng hi畛u qu畉 v chi ph鱈 Logistics
tng cao.
33
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
34
T畛 L畛 THU NGOI LOGISTICS CC N働畛C
PHILIPPINES 49% INDONESIA 49% VIETNAM 68%
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
18. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 18
3.2 L畛i 鱈ch c畛a vi畛c thu棚 ngoi Logistics: (6)
(1) T畉p trung t畛t h董n vo nng l畛c c畛t l探i (Nh
qu畉n tr畛 動畛c gi畉i tho叩t kh畛i c叩c nhi畛m v畛 l畉p i l畉p
l畉i ho畉c kh担ng quan tr畛ng)
(2) Ti畉t ki畛m chi ph鱈 do qu畉n l箪 t畛t h董n c畛a chu畛i
cung 畛ng (叩p d畛ng c担ng ngh畛 ti棚n ti畉n, t鱈nh kinh
t畉 theo quy m担)
35
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
TNH KINH T畉 THEO QUY M (Economies of Scale)
T鱈nh kinh t畉 theo quy m担 l chi畉n l動畛c 動畛c ho畉ch 畛nh v
s畛 d畛ng tri畛t 畛 trong nhi畛u ngnh SX-KD.
N畛i dung ch鱈nh l n畉u s畉n xu畉t v畛i quy m担 cng l畛n th狸
chi ph鱈 v gi叩 thnh tr棚n m畛t 董n v畛 s畉n ph畉m s畉 cng
gi畉m, lm gia tng l畛i nhu畉n v kh畉 nng c畉nh tranh.
36
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
19. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 19
(3) Th畛c hnh c担ng vi畛c hi畛n c坦 t畛t h董n (quy
tr狸nh kinh doanh nhanh h董n, t畛i 動u h坦a, hi畛u qu畉
v kinh t畉 h董n)
(4) V湛ng 畛a l箪 ph畛 s坦ng s畉n ph畉m r畛ng h董n v
t畛t h董n do ti畉p c畉n v畛i c叩c chuy棚n gia 畉ng c畉p
th畉 gi畛i (t叩c 畛ng l畛n h董n vo vi畛c 叩p 畛ng v畛i s畛
thay 畛i v chi畉m l挑nh v m畛 r畛ng th畛 tr動畛ng)
37
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
L畛I CH C畛A VI畛C THU NGOI LOGISTICS
38
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
20. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 20
(5) C叩c l畛i 鱈ch do c畉i thi畛n t叩i c畉u tr炭c (kh畉 nng
cung 畛ng s畉n ph畉m, d畛ch v畛 m畛 r畛ng h董n)
(6) Ti棚u t畛n ti nguy棚n doanh nghi畛p 鱈t h董n
(gi畉m 畉u t動 v chi ti棚u ti畛n m畉t)
39
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
40
T畛 L畛 THU NGOI LOGISTICS
-KHO HNG: 100%
-V畉N CHUY畛N: 73%
-GIAO NH畉N: 78%
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
21. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 21
41
T畛 L畛 T畛 LM LOGISTICS
-THU MUA: 78%
-NG GI: 61%
-QL T畛N KHO: 42%
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
3.3 Quy tr狸nh ti畉n hnh thu棚 ngoi Logistics (9)
(1) Ki畛m tra ph畉m vi d畛ch v畛 Logistics c畉n thu棚
ngoi v nhu c畉u thu棚 ngoi
(2) X叩c 畛nh doanh nghi畛p cung 畛ng d畛ch v畛
Logistics ti畛m nng
42
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
22. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 22
(3) Y棚u c畉u v畛 th担ng tin doanh nghi畛p Logistics v
l畉p danh s叩ch tuy畛n ch畛n r炭t g畛n.
(4) Chu畉n b畛 v y棚u c畉u b叩o gi叩 d畛ch v畛 Logistics
(5) 叩nh gi叩 v so s叩nh c叩c doanh nghi畛p Logistics
tuy畛n ch畛n
43
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
QUY TRNH TI畉N HNH THU NGOI LOGISTICS (9)
1.Ph畉m vi,
nhu c畉u
2.DN cung
畛ng ti畛m
nng
3.L畉p danh
s叩ch LSP
4.B叩o gi叩
d畛ch v畛
5.叩nh
gi叩, so
s叩nh
6.L畛a
ch畛n LSP
7.So畉n H
8.Th畛c
hi畛n H
9.Qu畉n l箪
MQH v畛i
LSP
44
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
23. DDT (C)
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics 23
(6) L畛a ch畛n doanh nghi畛p Logistics 畛i t叩c v
叩nh gi叩 r畛i ro
(7) So畉n th畉o h畛p 畛ng thu棚 d畛ch v畛 Logistics
(8) Th畛c hi畛n h畛p 畛ng thu棚 d畛ch v畛 Logistics
(9) Qu畉n l箪 m畛i quan h畛 v畛i doanh nghi畛p cung
畛ng d畛ch v畛 Logistics
(Supplier Relationship Management-SRM)
45
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)
3.4 L畛a ch畛n doanh nghi畛p cung 畛ng d畛ch v畛
Logistics (Logistics Service Provider, LSP)
-L畛a ch畛n doanh nghi畛p cung 畛ng d畛ch v畛 Logistics
l m畛t trong nh畛ng chi畉n l動畛c v c坦 畉nh h動畛ng
l但u di 畉n ch畉t l動畛ng d畛ch v畛 kh叩ch hng c畛a
doanh nghi畛p thu棚 ngoi.
46
GP C畉t gi畉m Chi ph鱈 Logistics
DDT (C)