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Editor's Notes

• #4: Data source: http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-1032380_QID_-16E967C7_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;NRG_BAL,L,Z,0;UNIT,L,Z,1;INDICATORS,C,Z,2;&zSelection=DS-1032380UNIT,PC;DS-1032380NRG_BAL,REN_HEAT_CL;DS-1032380INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=NRG-BAL_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName4=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName5=GEO_1_2_0_1&sortC=ASC_-1_FIRST&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=ROLLING&time_most_recent=false&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23 https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/DDN-20190304-1 All heating and cooling has to be zero carbon. How is this go
• #8: Contrary to perceived perception, the UK have been building district heat networks for many years. Heat networks were initially a solution to delivering heat from coal cleanly. However, in the UK we stopped doing HN when we found North Sea Gas and the coal industry was run down. Most other European states installed DH rather than gas networks, probably the only exception being the Netherlands (who are currently converting their gas networks to DH and heat pumps) But of course the pollution from coal is no longer the problem – it is now pollution from Gas fired boilers emitting CO2 and NOX which is the focus of decarbonisation and clean air in cities. The Government now sees HN as one of the main contenders for decarbonising the heat in the UK
• #14: How many do not use gas? Most are currently fired by using gas Need to move to fossil free fuels
• #15: It’s predicted that 43% of UK heat demand could be supplied by heat networks by 2050. Therefore the past 5-10 years we have seen significant shift in regulation and best practice initiatives take place. HN Reg’s Which? Heat Trust CIPSE COP CP1 In 2017, the Core City and Combined Authority released a report supporting Core Cities to explore heat network opportunities: The Competition and markets authority (CMA) launched their market study into heat networks in 2017 – and in 2018 released a report detailing regulation that they think should be introduced to protect customers; building upon the regulation already imposed for metering and billing. Pace of change is increasing.
• #20: We continue to see the joining up the energy and health sectors as an important priority to help tackle fuel poverty.  Living in a cold home is damaging to health and wellbeing. The NHS England Cold Weather Plan for England states that there is strong evidence that some of the 25,000 excess winter deaths in England are related to cold temperatures and living in cold homes.  The number of households in fuel poverty in England was estimated at 2.55 million, representing approximately 11.1% of all English households. This is an increase from 2.50 million households. [CFP 2016]
• #21: So, again looking at final customer metering – you can see that there is now legislation that requires final customer metering and this is because it reduces CO2, reduces cost and leads to a better customer fairness
• #22: 4100 kwh 11000 kwh
• #27: It is generally acknowledged that there is still a lot of learning to be done when it comes to central controls, especially the BEMs system. During many years of operating plant rooms we regularly see BEMs systems that are not installed or commissioned correctly; providing little value for money or doing what they are supposed to do. Alerts from the BEMS could then be meaningful, with operational adjustments carried out before the resident is impacted by a lapse in efficiency or reliability. For example, this might involve all plant room alerts being processed by a server, which groups and prioritises them, enabling them to be presented on a mobile app. The days of maintenance teams finding out about outages from phone calls from irate residents should be a problem of the past.
• #28: Building Energy Management Systems monitor and control services such as heating, ventilation and air-conditioning, ensuring the building operates at maximum levels of efficiency and removing wasted energy usage associated costs. The optimal level of efficiency can be achieved by continuously maintaining the correct balance between operating requirements, external and internal environmental conditions, and energy usage A system can begin with a single controller. As other controllers are added, these can be linked using a simple communication network, and a remote PC connected to this network to observe their performance and adjust settings. The BEMs system is like a complex programable room stat   It decides:  When boilers come on and at what temperature the are set to, this can vary by the time of day, current demand or time of year  When the pumps are switched on and at what setting (again this can vary depending on many factors, such as occupancy levels, heat demand and weather)  Which boilers and pumps are used, because you can tell the BEMS to load and ware balance if that is appropriate?   To help the BEMs system make these decisions it is connected to a number of temperature flow and pressure sensors throughout this system.   Due to it connecting the boilers, control valves and pumps, it allows the heat network operator to see what changes are required for the scheme to run at optimum performance and for its requirements.  Of course, when we say “the BEMS system decides” what to do, we actually mean it contains software that is configured by the commissioning engineers who use the energy strategy and heating system design to work out the optimum configuration.  
• #29: What's really important from a heat network operator's point of view when considering BEMs is:  1. Connectivity! 2. Visualisation  3. Alarms in an easy to digest format (E.G. Red Amber Green report) 4. Engaged BEMs support who help contribute regularly to the improvement of the system  5. KPIs and league tables so you can benchmark performance