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Los comparativos

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The document discusses comparisons of equality and inequality in Spanish. It explains that más/menos and que/de are used to indicate greater/lesser degrees of qualities between two people or things. Comparisons of equality use tanto/tanto como, while irregular comparisons exist for some adjectives like grande/pequeño and adverbs like bien/mal. Examples are provided to illustrate these constructions.

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Spanish and English use comparisons to indicate which of two people or things has a lesser, equal, or greater degree of a quality. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-1
Comparisons of inequality  Comparisons of inequality are formed by placing más (more) or menos (less) before adjectives, adverbs, and nouns and que (than) after them. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-2
Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-3
 When the comparison involves NUMBERS, de is used before the number instead of que. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-4
 With verbs, this construction is used to make comparisons of inequality. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-5
Comparisons of equality  This construction is used to make comparisons of equality. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-6
 ¡Atención! Note that tanto acts as an adjective and therefore agrees in number and gender with the noun it modifies. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-7
 Tan and tanto can also be used for emphasis, rather than to compare, with these meanings: tan so, tanto so much, tantos/as so many. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-8
 Comparisons of equality with verbs are formed by placing tanto como after the verb. Note that in this construction tanto does not change in number or gender. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-9
Irregular comparisons  Some adjectives have irregular comparative forms. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-10
 When grande and pequeño/a refer to age, the irregular comparative forms, mayor and menor, are used. However, when these adjectives refer to size, the regular forms, más grande and más pequeño/a, are used. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-11
 The adverbs bien and mal have the same irregular comparative forms as the adjectives bueno/a and malo/a. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-12
Escribe el equivalente de las palabras en inglés. que 1. Ernesto mira más televisión _____ (than) Alberto. 2. Tú eres _____ (less) simpático que Federico. 3. La camarera sirve _____ (as much) carne como pescado. 4. Conozco _____ (more) restaurantes que tú. 5. No estudio _____ (as much as) tú. 6. ¿Sabes jugar al tenis tan bien _____ (as) tu hermana? 7. ¿Puedes beber _____ (as many) refrescos como yo? 8. Mis amigos parecen _____ (as) simpáticos como ustedes. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-13

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Los comparativos

  • 1. Spanish and English use comparisons to indicate which of two people or things has a lesser, equal, or greater degree of a quality. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-1
  • 2. Comparisons of inequality  Comparisons of inequality are formed by placing más (more) or menos (less) before adjectives, adverbs, and nouns and que (than) after them. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-2
  • 3. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-3
  • 4. When the comparison involves NUMBERS, de is used before the number instead of que. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-4
  • 5. With verbs, this construction is used to make comparisons of inequality. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-5
  • 6. Comparisons of equality  This construction is used to make comparisons of equality. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-6
  • 7. ¡Atención! Note that tanto acts as an adjective and therefore agrees in number and gender with the noun it modifies. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-7
  • 8. Tan and tanto can also be used for emphasis, rather than to compare, with these meanings: tan so, tanto so much, tantos/as so many. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-8
  • 9. Comparisons of equality with verbs are formed by placing tanto como after the verb. Note that in this construction tanto does not change in number or gender. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-9
  • 10. Irregular comparisons  Some adjectives have irregular comparative forms. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-10
  • 11. When grande and pequeño/a refer to age, the irregular comparative forms, mayor and menor, are used. However, when these adjectives refer to size, the regular forms, más grande and más pequeño/a, are used. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-11
  • 12. The adverbs bien and mal have the same irregular comparative forms as the adjectives bueno/a and malo/a. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-12
  • 13. Escribe el equivalente de las palabras en inglés. que 1. Ernesto mira más televisión _____ (than) Alberto. 2. Tú eres _____ (less) simpático que Federico. 3. La camarera sirve _____ (as much) carne como pescado. 4. Conozco _____ (more) restaurantes que tú. 5. No estudio _____ (as much as) tú. 6. ¿Sabes jugar al tenis tan bien _____ (as) tu hermana? 7. ¿Puedes beber _____ (as many) refrescos como yo? 8. Mis amigos parecen _____ (as) simpáticos como ustedes. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 8.3-13