Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) was a famous French scientist who made important contributions to medicine and biology. He invented pasteurization, a process to stop food and liquids from spoiling or causing disease. Pasteur also developed the first vaccine for rabies and successfully treated a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog, saving his life. Additionally, Pasteur and his wife Marie had five children, though only two survived to adulthood as three died of typhoid.