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Ludwig mies van de rohe

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Ludwig Mies van der Rohe was a pioneering German-American architect known for his maxim "Less is More". He designed skyscrapers made of steel and glass that set models for modern architecture. His works used simple rectangular forms, open floor plans, and extensive glass to bring the outside in. His Seagram Building in New York featured a steel frame with curtain walls of glass and bronze. It established new standards with its minimalist design and generous public plaza. Mies also designed the 860-880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments in Chicago following his philosophies of "Skin and Bone" architecture and independent, floating structures.

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LUDWIG MIES VAN DE ROHE 1886-1969
INTRODUCTION Ludwig Mies was born in Germany on March 27 1886. He had no formal training in architecture. Worked under Peter Behrens. Succeeded Gropius as Bauhaus Director. Migrated to US and taught architecture at the Illinois Institute Of Technology. Designed skyscrapers of steel and glass which became models of skyscraper design throughout the world.
CHARACTER OF WORKs -LESS IS MORE Simple rectangular forms. Open, flexible plans and multi-functional spaces. Widespread use of glass to bring the outside in. Mastered steel and glass construction. Exposed and very refined structural details.
GENERALMEANING LESS COMPLICATED IS BETTER UNDERSTOOD AND MORE APPRECIATED THAN WHAT IS MORE COMPLICATED. SIMPLICITY IS PREFERABLE TO COMPLEXITY. ARCHITECTURAL MEANING BUILDING SHOULD BE STRIPPED OF ANY EXTRAS AND CONSTRUCTED ON ESSENTIALS OF CLARITY, UTILITY AND EFFECT. AIMS-ESTABILISHMENT OF A NEW ARCHITECTURAL STYLE FOR MODERN TIMES AND ARCHITECTURE WITH A MINIMAL FRAMEWORK OF STRUCTURAL ORDER BALANCED AGAINST THE IMPLIED FREEDOM OF FREE FLOWING OPEN SPACES SOURCES SIMPLE VOLUMES BALANCE BETWEEN EMPTY AND FILLED SPACE. SHIMADA HOUSE GARDEN AND SEA WEEK-END HOUSE DANCING LIVING HOUSE DESIGNED DINING AREA WITH MINIMUM DESIGN ELEMENTS A LOFT IN NEW YORK DESIGNED ABSTRACT OR MINIMALIST. LIGHT, GEOMETRICAL FORMS AND NATURAL MATERIAL ARE KEY POINTS.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe http://new-design-times.com/article/articleC47.php?ID=47 TO BASE THE ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION ON ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A STRUCTURE. LIKE FOR VAN DER ROHE THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS WERE THE GLASS ENCLOSURE AND STEEL FRAME WHICH HE CALLED THE SKIN AND BONES OF A STRUCTURE. ELIMINATE VISUAL CLUTTER. THIS WAS DONE BY SUPPRESSING THE SECONDARY ELEMENTS OF A BUILDINGS AND THERBY HEIGHTEN THE VISUAL IMPACT OF A SPACE OR VIEW.
SEAGRAM BUILDING, THE BUILDING STANDS 515 FEET (157 M) TALL WITH 38 STORIES, COMPLETED IN 1958. IT STANDS AS ONE OF THE FINEST EXAMPLES OF THE FUNCTIONALIST AESTHETIC AND A MASTERPIECE OF CORPORATE MODERNISM. IT WAS DESIGNED AS THE HEADQUARTERS FOR THE CANADIAN DISTILLERS JOSEPH E. SEAGRAM'S & SONS. MATERIALS CURTAIN WALL OF GLASS AND BRONZE IN THE FRONT DUE TO THE FIRE LAW , CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION WAS USED AS A STRUCTURAL MATERIAL, BOTH OUTSIDE AND INSIDE. BLINDS IT WAS EVIDENT THAT A BUILDING OF SUCH HEIGHT WOULD HAVE A HUGE AREA OF BLINDS, WHOSE USERS TEND TO UPLOAD OR DOWNLOAD THEM AS THEY LIKED. IT IS A RECTANGULAR BUILDING SUPPORTED ON PILES ELEVATION OF THE BUILDING ACHIEVES ITS EXPRESSIVE PERFECTION,AND IS VERTICALLY EMPHASIZED.. SOURCES- www.wikipedia/seagram.org www.archdaily.com MAIN BUILDING PLAZA o THE OFFICE SPACES ABOVE THE LOBBY, FURNISHED BY PHILIP JOHNSON. o HAVE FLEXIBLE FLOOR PLANS, LIT WITH LUMINOUS CEILING PANELS. o THESE FLOORS ALSO GET MAXIMUM NATURAL LIGHTING WITH THE EXTERIOR BEING GLASS PANES OF GRAY TOPAZ THAT PROVIDE FLOOR-TO- CEILING WINDOWS FOR THE OFFICE SPACES.
MAIN BUILDING Fig 25:SEAGRAM BUILDING PLAN Ref : http://www.archdaily.com Mies response to the city with the seagram building was the grand gesture of setting back the building 100 feet from the street edge, which created a highly active open plaza. Large granite surface of the plaza. Fig27:PUBLIC PLAZA Ref:http://www.flickriver.com/photos/dandc/tags/seagramb uilding/ These floors also get maximum natural lighting with the exterior being glass panes of gray topaz that were used for sun and heat protection. Use of modern materials and setback from the city grid, became a prototype for future office buildings.(10) Fig 29:SEAGRAM BUILDING ELEVATION Ref:http://en.wikiarquitectura.com/index.php/File :Seagram_Detalle_Ventanas.jpg Fig30:FOUNTAINS IN PLAZA Ref:http://www.stylepark.com/en/news/no-no-no- no-nobr-the-book-to-go-with-the-seagram- building/342945 Additional vertical elements were also welded to the window panels not only to stiffen the skin for installation and wind loading, but to aesthetically further enhance the vertical articulation of the building.(10) The plaza attracts users with its two large fountains surrounded by generous outdoor seating. Fig31:STRUCTURE Ref : http://parkinglotslol.blogspot.in/2011/02/ god-of-materials-and-details-in.html
Fig32:COLUMN BEAM DETAIL Ref :http://www.jmhdezhdez.com/2011/05/seagram- building-mies-new-york.html CONSTRUCTION DETAILS Fig32:FAADE DETAIL Ref:http://www.copper.org/applications/architec ture/arch_dhb/arch- details/wall_cladding/curtainwall.html
860-880 LAKE SHORE DRIVE APARTMENTS LOCATION- CHICAGO,ILLINOIS,USA YEAR - 1949-1951 PLOT AREA -1.2 ACRE HEIGHT- 82 METRES NO OF STOREYS- 26 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE- 1) INTERNATIONAL STYLE 2) SKIN AND BONE ARCHITECTURE 3) INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTURE PHILOSOPHY- MINIMILISM RECOGNITION- 1) NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACE IN 1980 2) CHICAGO LANDMARK IN 1996
PLANNING AND SPACES INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTURE- Concept was that architecture should be independent of site TRAPAZOIDAL SITE 90 DEGREE CROSS AXIS ARRANGEMENT 21 FOOT COLUMN GRID FLOOR PLANS ENLARGED LIVING SPACE NO LIGHT AND VENTILATION PROVIDED IN CORE AREAS REDUCED BATHROOM AND KITCHEN SIZES
INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTURE- GROUND FLOOR IS RAISED ABOVE TO GIVE AN APPEARANCE AND SENSE OF FLOATING ABOVE THE GROUND LEVEL AMPLE NATURAL LIGHTING AND MICHGAN LAKE SIDE VIEW A horizontal roof is the sole connector between the two high-rise apartments towers and does not have any function other than to "mark the spirituality of this specific place."
MPORTANT FEATURES SKIN AND BONE ARCHITECTURE- STRUCTURAL STEEL AND GLASS FAADE ENCLOSURE MINIMILISTIC APPROACH-LACK OF ORNAMENTATION EMPHASIS ON VERTICALITY REPETATIVE COMPONENTS PREFABRICATED STRUCTURE I -BEAM MULLIONS The mullions on his buildings reflect the inner structure and therefore give truth to the aesthetic of the building. These were non functional component thus violating the idea of minimilism.
OVATION The refurbishment involved re-coating the steel frame facade and cleaning the aluminium windows, as well as adding sand-blasted glass to the lobby Krueck and Sexton Architects of Chicago were commissioned to renovate the historical towers The problems included corrosion of the buildings exposed steel frame, failure of the lobby glazing system and extensive cracking.
FURNITURE DESIGNS BARCELONA CHAIR The Barcelona chair is a chair designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich. DATE- 1929 It was first used in Villa Tugendhat, a World Heritage Site The frame was initially designed to be bolted together, but waas redesigned in 1950 using stainless steel, which allowed the frame to be formed by a seamless piece of metal, giving it a smoother appearance. Bovine leather replaced the ivory-colored pigskin which was used for the original pieces. MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION http://www.archdaily.com/59487/ad-classics-860-880-lake-shore-drive-mies-van-der-rohe https://www.dezeen.com/2010/03/02/860-880-lake-shore-drive-refurbishment-by-krueck-sexton/ /aashnaarora50/less-is-moremies-van-der-rohe

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Ludwig mies van de rohe

  • 1. LUDWIG MIES VAN DE ROHE 1886-1969
  • 2. INTRODUCTION Ludwig Mies was born in Germany on March 27 1886. He had no formal training in architecture. Worked under Peter Behrens. Succeeded Gropius as Bauhaus Director. Migrated to US and taught architecture at the Illinois Institute Of Technology. Designed skyscrapers of steel and glass which became models of skyscraper design throughout the world.
  • 3. CHARACTER OF WORKs -LESS IS MORE Simple rectangular forms. Open, flexible plans and multi-functional spaces. Widespread use of glass to bring the outside in. Mastered steel and glass construction. Exposed and very refined structural details.
  • 4. GENERALMEANING LESS COMPLICATED IS BETTER UNDERSTOOD AND MORE APPRECIATED THAN WHAT IS MORE COMPLICATED. SIMPLICITY IS PREFERABLE TO COMPLEXITY. ARCHITECTURAL MEANING BUILDING SHOULD BE STRIPPED OF ANY EXTRAS AND CONSTRUCTED ON ESSENTIALS OF CLARITY, UTILITY AND EFFECT. AIMS-ESTABILISHMENT OF A NEW ARCHITECTURAL STYLE FOR MODERN TIMES AND ARCHITECTURE WITH A MINIMAL FRAMEWORK OF STRUCTURAL ORDER BALANCED AGAINST THE IMPLIED FREEDOM OF FREE FLOWING OPEN SPACES SOURCES SIMPLE VOLUMES BALANCE BETWEEN EMPTY AND FILLED SPACE. SHIMADA HOUSE GARDEN AND SEA WEEK-END HOUSE DANCING LIVING HOUSE DESIGNED DINING AREA WITH MINIMUM DESIGN ELEMENTS A LOFT IN NEW YORK DESIGNED ABSTRACT OR MINIMALIST. LIGHT, GEOMETRICAL FORMS AND NATURAL MATERIAL ARE KEY POINTS.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe http://new-design-times.com/article/articleC47.php?ID=47 TO BASE THE ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION ON ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A STRUCTURE. LIKE FOR VAN DER ROHE THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS WERE THE GLASS ENCLOSURE AND STEEL FRAME WHICH HE CALLED THE SKIN AND BONES OF A STRUCTURE. ELIMINATE VISUAL CLUTTER. THIS WAS DONE BY SUPPRESSING THE SECONDARY ELEMENTS OF A BUILDINGS AND THERBY HEIGHTEN THE VISUAL IMPACT OF A SPACE OR VIEW.
  • 5. SEAGRAM BUILDING, THE BUILDING STANDS 515 FEET (157 M) TALL WITH 38 STORIES, COMPLETED IN 1958. IT STANDS AS ONE OF THE FINEST EXAMPLES OF THE FUNCTIONALIST AESTHETIC AND A MASTERPIECE OF CORPORATE MODERNISM. IT WAS DESIGNED AS THE HEADQUARTERS FOR THE CANADIAN DISTILLERS JOSEPH E. SEAGRAM'S & SONS. MATERIALS CURTAIN WALL OF GLASS AND BRONZE IN THE FRONT DUE TO THE FIRE LAW , CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION WAS USED AS A STRUCTURAL MATERIAL, BOTH OUTSIDE AND INSIDE. BLINDS IT WAS EVIDENT THAT A BUILDING OF SUCH HEIGHT WOULD HAVE A HUGE AREA OF BLINDS, WHOSE USERS TEND TO UPLOAD OR DOWNLOAD THEM AS THEY LIKED. IT IS A RECTANGULAR BUILDING SUPPORTED ON PILES ELEVATION OF THE BUILDING ACHIEVES ITS EXPRESSIVE PERFECTION,AND IS VERTICALLY EMPHASIZED.. SOURCES- www.wikipedia/seagram.org www.archdaily.com MAIN BUILDING PLAZA o THE OFFICE SPACES ABOVE THE LOBBY, FURNISHED BY PHILIP JOHNSON. o HAVE FLEXIBLE FLOOR PLANS, LIT WITH LUMINOUS CEILING PANELS. o THESE FLOORS ALSO GET MAXIMUM NATURAL LIGHTING WITH THE EXTERIOR BEING GLASS PANES OF GRAY TOPAZ THAT PROVIDE FLOOR-TO- CEILING WINDOWS FOR THE OFFICE SPACES.
  • 6. MAIN BUILDING Fig 25:SEAGRAM BUILDING PLAN Ref : http://www.archdaily.com Mies response to the city with the seagram building was the grand gesture of setting back the building 100 feet from the street edge, which created a highly active open plaza. Large granite surface of the plaza. Fig27:PUBLIC PLAZA Ref:http://www.flickriver.com/photos/dandc/tags/seagramb uilding/ These floors also get maximum natural lighting with the exterior being glass panes of gray topaz that were used for sun and heat protection. Use of modern materials and setback from the city grid, became a prototype for future office buildings.(10) Fig 29:SEAGRAM BUILDING ELEVATION Ref:http://en.wikiarquitectura.com/index.php/File :Seagram_Detalle_Ventanas.jpg Fig30:FOUNTAINS IN PLAZA Ref:http://www.stylepark.com/en/news/no-no-no- no-nobr-the-book-to-go-with-the-seagram- building/342945 Additional vertical elements were also welded to the window panels not only to stiffen the skin for installation and wind loading, but to aesthetically further enhance the vertical articulation of the building.(10) The plaza attracts users with its two large fountains surrounded by generous outdoor seating. Fig31:STRUCTURE Ref : http://parkinglotslol.blogspot.in/2011/02/ god-of-materials-and-details-in.html
  • 7. Fig32:COLUMN BEAM DETAIL Ref :http://www.jmhdezhdez.com/2011/05/seagram- building-mies-new-york.html CONSTRUCTION DETAILS Fig32:FAADE DETAIL Ref:http://www.copper.org/applications/architec ture/arch_dhb/arch- details/wall_cladding/curtainwall.html
  • 8. 860-880 LAKE SHORE DRIVE APARTMENTS LOCATION- CHICAGO,ILLINOIS,USA YEAR - 1949-1951 PLOT AREA -1.2 ACRE HEIGHT- 82 METRES NO OF STOREYS- 26 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE- 1) INTERNATIONAL STYLE 2) SKIN AND BONE ARCHITECTURE 3) INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTURE PHILOSOPHY- MINIMILISM RECOGNITION- 1) NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACE IN 1980 2) CHICAGO LANDMARK IN 1996
  • 9. PLANNING AND SPACES INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTURE- Concept was that architecture should be independent of site TRAPAZOIDAL SITE 90 DEGREE CROSS AXIS ARRANGEMENT 21 FOOT COLUMN GRID FLOOR PLANS ENLARGED LIVING SPACE NO LIGHT AND VENTILATION PROVIDED IN CORE AREAS REDUCED BATHROOM AND KITCHEN SIZES
  • 10. INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTURE- GROUND FLOOR IS RAISED ABOVE TO GIVE AN APPEARANCE AND SENSE OF FLOATING ABOVE THE GROUND LEVEL AMPLE NATURAL LIGHTING AND MICHGAN LAKE SIDE VIEW A horizontal roof is the sole connector between the two high-rise apartments towers and does not have any function other than to "mark the spirituality of this specific place."
  • 11. MPORTANT FEATURES SKIN AND BONE ARCHITECTURE- STRUCTURAL STEEL AND GLASS FAADE ENCLOSURE MINIMILISTIC APPROACH-LACK OF ORNAMENTATION EMPHASIS ON VERTICALITY REPETATIVE COMPONENTS PREFABRICATED STRUCTURE I -BEAM MULLIONS The mullions on his buildings reflect the inner structure and therefore give truth to the aesthetic of the building. These were non functional component thus violating the idea of minimilism.
  • 12. OVATION The refurbishment involved re-coating the steel frame facade and cleaning the aluminium windows, as well as adding sand-blasted glass to the lobby Krueck and Sexton Architects of Chicago were commissioned to renovate the historical towers The problems included corrosion of the buildings exposed steel frame, failure of the lobby glazing system and extensive cracking.
  • 13. FURNITURE DESIGNS BARCELONA CHAIR The Barcelona chair is a chair designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich. DATE- 1929 It was first used in Villa Tugendhat, a World Heritage Site The frame was initially designed to be bolted together, but waas redesigned in 1950 using stainless steel, which allowed the frame to be formed by a seamless piece of metal, giving it a smoother appearance. Bovine leather replaced the ivory-colored pigskin which was used for the original pieces. MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION http://www.archdaily.com/59487/ad-classics-860-880-lake-shore-drive-mies-van-der-rohe https://www.dezeen.com/2010/03/02/860-880-lake-shore-drive-refurbishment-by-krueck-sexton/ /aashnaarora50/less-is-moremies-van-der-rohe