Lymphatic 2
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This document summarizes the main arteries and veins of the body, as well as the lymphatic system, by Prof. Dr. Manal Elsawaf. It describes the aorta and its branches that supply the head, neck, and upper limbs. It also outlines the inferior and superior vena cava, and explains that lymph is a clear fluid collected from tissues and filtered through lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels before draining into the subclavian or thoracic duct. Finally, it provides an overview of lymph nodes and the spleen, describing their structure, locations in the body, and functions in the lymphatic system.
Lymphatic 2
- 1. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Main vessels of the body By Prof.Dr. Manal Elsawaf
- 2. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Main arteries Aorta ascending arch descending Descending thoracic Descending abdominal
- 3. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Ascending aorta Branches: -right coronary -left coronary
- 4. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Arch of aorta Left subclavian Left common carotid brachiocephalic
- 5. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Arch of aorta Branches of arch of aorta supply Head, neck, brain and upper limb
- 6. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Arch of aorta brachiocephalic Rt subclavian Rt common carotid
- 7. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Arteries of the head and neck 1. External carotid 2. Internal carotid Common carotid artery subclavian artery 1. branches to neck and brain 2. arteries of the upper limb
- 8. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Descending aorta The diaphragm divides the Descending aorta into Thoracic part and abdominal part
- 9. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Descending thoracic aorta The continuation of the aortic arch. It ends by passing through the diaphragm to continue as abdominal aorta
- 10. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Descending thoracic aorta branches visceral parietal
- 11. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Descending abdominal aorta branches Arteries of the abdomen as renal Arteries of the lower limb As femoral a
- 12. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Main veins Superior vena cava: Drain upper part of body Inferior vena cava: Drain lower part of body
- 13. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Lymphatic System
- 14. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Introduction e lymphatic system is a part of the vascular system Functions Return tissue fluid to the bloodstream Transport fats from the digestive tract to the bloodstream Surveillance & defense
- 15. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Lymph Is a clear watery fluid collected from the intercellular spaces Filtered by lymph nodes Contains: - Constituents similar to plasma - Some lymphocytes - Fat droplets (chyle) from intestines
- 16. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Lymphatic capillaries Originate in most tissues Capillaries unite to form large collecting lymphatic vessels Are wider than blood capillaries Connect to lymph nodes at various intervals Absorb fat in the villi and called lacteals
- 17. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Lymphatic vessels Have many valves They are absent in : Brain, spinal cord, eyeballs, bone marrow, splenic pulp, hyaline cartilage, nails and hair
- 18. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Main ducts of Lymphatics 2 main channels Right lymphatic duct Drains right side of head & neck, right arm, right thorax Empties into the right innominate Thoracic duct Drains the rest of the body Empties into the left innominate vein
- 19. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Lymphoid Tissue Collections of lymphoid tissue as: palatine tonsils, adenoids, payers patches, and nodules of spleen Collections of lymphoid tissue as: palatine tonsils, adenoids, payers patches, and nodules of spleen
- 20. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Collections of lymphatic tissue located along lymphatic vessels Enclosed by a fibrous capsule and formed of outer cortex & inner medulla Lymph enters nodes through afferent lymphatics for filteration from germs and their poisons then exits through efferent lymhpatic Lymph Nodes
- 21. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Lymph Nodes the most important groups are: 1.axillary:upper limb &breast 2. cervical: head & neck 3. mediastinal: thoracic organs 4. inguinal: lower limbs 5. iliac: pelvic organs 6.Aortic: abdominal organs 1 2 3 4 5 6
- 22. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Spleen Largest lymphatic organ Located below the left copula of the diaphragm
- 23. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Spleen Has an outer convex surface and an inner concave one showing a hilum which receives the splenic vessels
- 24. prof. dr. manal elsawaf Spleen Functions Destroys old RBCs Stores blood cells Produces lymphocytes
Editor's Notes
- #19: FG23_04.JPG Title: Lymphatic Ducts and Lymphatic Drainage Notes: The thoracic duct collects lymph from tissues inferior to the diaphragm and from the left side of the upper body. The right lymphatic duct drains the right half of the body superior to the diaphragm. Keywords: lymphatic ducts, circulatory system, jugular trunk, thoracic lymphatic duct, subclavian trunk, thoracic lymph nodes, intestinal trunk, cisterna chyli, azygos vein, right lymphatic duct