Malaria, recent advances and new anti malarials
- 1. MALARIA ,RECENT ADVANCE AND NEW ANTI MALARIAL DRUGS DR MUKESH KUMAR SAMOTA MD(INTERNAL MEDICINE) GOVT. MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, JHALAWAR RAJASTHAN (INDIA).
- 2. INTODUCTION M A L A R I A I S A P R O TO Z O A N D I S E A S E T R A N S M I T T E D B Y F E M A L E A N A P H E L E S M O S Q U I TO E S H E AV Y B U R D E N I N T R O P I C A L C O U N T R I E S M O S T I M P O RTA N T PA R A S I T I C D I S E A S E O F H U M A N T R A N S M I T T E D I N 3 B I L L I O N P E O P L E W O R D W I D E A N D A P P R O X 2 0 0 0 D E AT H / D AY W O R D W I D E . 6 S P E C I E S O F G E N U S P L A S M O D I U N C A U S E N E A R LY A L L M A L A R I A I N F E C T I O N S I N H U M A N S
- 4. LIFE CYCLE
- 6. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY After invading RBC growing parasites consume intracellular proteins principally Hb and Potentially toxic heme is converted to biologically inert hemozoin (malaria pigment). Parasites alters RBC membrane by changing its transport property and expososing cryptic surface antigens. In erythrocytic cycle RBC ruptures and release malarial pigments and other proteins which stimulate host immune system Stimulation of macrophages and cells occur which release proinflammatory mediators and it cause clinical features . In case of Pf there is cyto adherence, agglutination, rosette formation of infected RBC leads to occludes capillaries and vessels which is responsible for sever and complicated malaria
- 13. DIAGNOSIS
- 26. CHQ RESISTANCE
- 29. ANTI MALARIAL TARGET SITE
- 36. OTHERS MEFLOQUINE 250 mg weekly for adults used in area of chq resist Pf DOXYCUCLINE 100 mg daily start 2 days before to 4week after C/I For pregnancy and chldren <8 yrs of age PRIMAQUINE 0.5mg/kg daily
- 37. Atorvaquinone (250mg)+proguanil(100mg) Used in usa Not used in india
- 38. TREATMENT OF MALARIA UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA (A) CHQ SENSITIVE PL. VIVAX 1.CHQ 10 mg/kg PO stat then5mg/kg@12h then 5mg/kg @24 and 36 h OR 10 mg/kg BW stat then 10 mg/kg BW @24 hrs and 5mg/kg BW48 hrs PLUS Primaquin 0.25mg/kg for 14 days
- 39. (B)CHQ RESISTENT PL. VIVAX 1.QUININE 600MG(10MG/DAY) 8H FOR7DAY PLUS DOXYCYCLINE100MG DAILY FOR 7 DAYS PLUS PRIMAQUINE15MG FOR 14 DAYS 2. ACT PLUS PRIMAQUINE
- 40. CHQ RESISTENT MALARIA (PF)