Male sexual anatomy, physiology and behaviour
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This document summarizes male sexual anatomy and physiology. It describes the external anatomy of the penis and scrotum. Internally, it outlines the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and Cowper's glands. It explains sperm production, semen composition, and the processes of erection, emission and ejaculation. Key points are that the corpus cavernosum and spongiosum control erection, while sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves stimulate emission and ejaculation respectively. The document also briefly discusses penis enlargement and notes that pearly penile papules are a benign condition.
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![References
1. Allyn, Bacon [Internet] 2008
Available from :
spot.pcc.edu/~gtinker/PSY_231/Chapter
%204.ppt
2. Moore, KL. Clinically Oriented Anatomy
3rd Ed. Williams and Wilkins 1992
3. Guyton, Hall. Textbook of Medical
Physiology 12th Ed. Saunders 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/malesexualanatomyphysiologyandbehaviour-130114075919-phpapp01/85/Male-sexual-anatomy-physiology-and-behaviour-29-320.jpg)
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Male sexual anatomy, physiology and behaviour
- 1. Male Sexual Anatomy, Physiology and Behaviour Andre Sookdar Class of 2013
- 2. Objectives Anatomy External and Internal Physiology and Behaviour
- 3. External Anatomy Penis Male Sexual Organ for intercourse Pathway for Semen and Urine Corpus Cavernosum spongy tissue that engorge with blood, stiffening penis Corpus Spongiosum contains urethra, runs along the length, ending and dilating to form Glans
- 4. External Anatomy Root Base of the penis Shaft Body of penis, which expands on excitation Foreskin Loose collection of skin covering the Glans Skin is attached just proximal to the head on the shaft Circumcision may be done based on choice, religion or culture.
- 6. External Anatomy Glans Highly sensitive tip Corona rim that separates the Glans from the shaft Frenulum strip of tissue connecting the glans to the shaft
- 7. External Anatomy Scrotum Pouch containing the testes Provides the ideal temperature for spermatogenesis (2 degrees lower) Left testis usually lower than right Size, shape and surface area changed by Dartos muscle
- 8. Internal Anatomy Testes Suspended in scrotum by spermatic cord Produces sperm and male sex hormones Highly innervated and sensitive Moved by Cremasteric muscle
- 9. Internal Anatomy LH Stimulation of Testosterone secretion by Leydig interstitial cells FSH regulation of sperm production Negative feedback
- 10. Internal Anatomy Epididymis lie against the back side of the testis and stores sperm Vas Deferens tube that connects the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct Seminal Vesicles small glands beneath the bladder that secrete seminal fluid
- 11. Internal Anatomy Prostate Gland walnut sized gland that secretes prostatic fluid. Cowpers Gland (Bulbouretheral Glands) pea-sized glands at the base of the penis below the prostate that secrete fluid during sexual arousal
- 12. Male Anatomy
- 13. Semen 70% from seminal vesicles, 1% sperm, the rest from the Prostate and Cowpers gland Typically has 200-400 million per ejaculate Over 15 million per ml is normal Other parameters include motility, morphology and volume.
- 14. Sexual Function Erection Emission Expulsion
- 17. Erection Engorgement of the penis with blood Affected by physical and psychological factors Possible throughout the entire lifespan During REM sleep Stimulation may be from sensation via the pudendal nerve or psychological stimuli via the limbic system
- 18. Erection Parasympathetic response to stimulation exits the spinal cord at S2-4 and reaches the penis via Nervi Erigentes These are believed to release nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal peptide in addition to acetylcholine Results in relaxation of the penile arteries, hence vasodilation and expansion of the penis Parasympathetic impulses also stimulate the urethral and Cowpers glands.
- 19. Emission Sympathetic impulses from T12 to L2 travel via hypogastric and pelvis nerve plexuses to initiate emission Contraction of vas deferens and ampulla, expelling sperm in to the internal urethra. Followed by contraction and fluid addition by the prostate, seminal vesicles and Cowpers glands This is now semen and the formation of this in the internal urethra is emission
- 20. Journey of the Sperm
- 21. Expulsion Expulsion or ejaculation Filling of the internal urethra stimulates the pudendal nerve contractions of the genital organs, the ischiocavernosus and bulbocavernosus muscles expulsion of semen The external urethral sphincter relaxes while Internal urethral sphincter contracts to prevent retrrograde ejaculation This may be accompanied by movement of the pelvic and trunk muscles Emission and ejaculation together make up the male orgasm, which lasts 1-2 minutes
- 22. Case 1 A patient presents with the request to enlarge his penis.
- 23. Penis Enlargement Many cultures are obsessed with penis size No medication or device has ever been approved for penis enlargement Stretching & Squeezing Penile Weights Vacuum Pumps Pills and lotions
- 24. Surgical Enlargement Lengthened by cutting the suspensory ligament that attaches penis to pubic bone Thickened by injecting body fat from another area Cosmetic, not medically indicated, safety an issue
- 25. Case 2 19 yo man presents with bumps on the glans and corona of his penis. He says he has had it as long as he can remember.
- 26. Pearly Penile Papules Benign lesion, not genital warts or HSV Unknown etiology Occurs more in uncircumcised Requires no treatment
- 27. Conclusion Anatomy Physiology Sexual cycle
- 28. THANK YOU
- 29. References 1. Allyn, Bacon [Internet] 2008 Available from : spot.pcc.edu/~gtinker/PSY_231/Chapter %204.ppt 2. Moore, KL. Clinically Oriented Anatomy 3rd Ed. Williams and Wilkins 1992 3. Guyton, Hall. Textbook of Medical Physiology 12th Ed. Saunders 2010