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mapping periphery

mayank singh sakla
mayank singh sakla

The document summarizes a study of livelihoods in Odhav, a peri-urban area on the eastern edge of Ahmedabad, India. It describes the location and methodology of the study. It then lists and describes the various economic activities observed in Odhav, including agriculture, shops, workshops, transportation, and industries. Issues discussed include the effects of development plans, environmental changes, and a town planning scheme on local agriculture and land use. A case study interviews a farmer who was forced to sell his land due to these changes and now works as a laborer.

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0 | P a g e Summer school 2015 Mapping Livelihoods at the Periphery Study Area: ODHAV Faculty: Prof. Ravi Sannabhadti Prof. Anurima Mukherji Basu Submitted By: Zinkal Mistry Aditi Mewada Kinjal Prajapati Diana Yohannan Mayank Sakla Setu Sherawala
1 | P a g e Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................ 2 Location...................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology............................................................................................................... 3 About the area............................................................................................................ 4 Economic activities at Odhav ..................................................................................... 4 Issues of economic activities...................................................................................... 5 List of economic activities observed in Odhav:........................................................... 5 Gamtal .................................................................................................................... 6 Agriculture ........................................................................................................... 6 Road stretch............................................................................................................ 7 Vendors ............................................................................................................... 7 Labours................................................................................................................ 8 Transportation...................................................................................................... 8 Animal husbandry................................................................................................ 9 Workshops........................................................................................................... 9 Marble workshop: ................................................................................................ 9 Drum workshop:................................................................................................... 9 Issues and Observations.......................................................................................... 10 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 11
2 | P a g e Introduction Peri-urban areas (also called rurban space, outskirts or the hinterland) are defined by the structure resulting from the process of peri-urbanisation. It can be described as the landscape interface between town and country, or also as the ruralurban Transition zone where urban and rural uses mix and often clash. It can thus be viewed as a landscape type in its own right, one forged from an interaction of urban and rural land use. The main aim of this course is to know how the livelihood at the peri-urban areas works around the peripheries in and around the Ahmedabad city. Also this course includes the study of different peripheral area. All this different areas are documented through interviews, maps, videos, sketches, pictures and field observations. The above sketch shows that number of people in green, is coming for work to the peri-urban areas from villages is less than the number of people coming from cities to peri-urban that is shown in pink colour. While people first for employment comes to the peri-urban areas and then they goes city areas, this how the migration happens.
3 | P a g e Location During this course we have taken three peri urban areas that are Changodar, Jetalpur and Odhav. Here we will discuss about the Odhav area. It is located on the east side of the Ahmedabad city. It is divided into two through the Sardar Patel ring road, so one is gamtal area and other is being developed as the peri urban areas. In the left bottom picture shows location of Odhav in Ahmedabad, while in the right picture is showing the Sardar Patel ring road and in that the red polygon shows the study area along the stretch of 3.2 km. Methodology
4 | P a g e About the area Odhav our study area starts from Kathwada circle that is junction from Odhav road and Sardar Patel ring road to brick kiln because after that there is no development. The stretch is of 3.2 km. While going from Kathwada circle to the end the height of the buildings decreases gradually. Development in this area of residential is from last 35 to 40 years that is followed by other housing and named as the Kanak village. And the other village on the opposite side of the road developed after Kanak; was the Singrava village which is since 20 to 25 years old. After that the workshops of the wooden logs and industries were set up which are also since 25 to 30 years old. Major development since last 10 years that is from the Kathwada circle is mostly coming up of commercial complexes and also the institute like banks, hospitals, restaurants, etc. Economic activities at Odhav In our study area there were many variations in economic activities. There were rickshaw-walas and jeeps were observed at Kathwada circle that is travelling from the Odhav to further villages on the Ahmedabad-Zalod highway and the inner areas of the Odhav, which comes before the S.P. ring road. Majorly there are banks, shops and timber workshops in Odhav. Timber workshops get there wood logs from farmers and then after cutting it into pieces, the waste generated from it they sell that wood to people living around the Odhav area which is used as a fuel and also it is send to Naroda for furniture making. Shops related to building material, electronics, food and tea-stalls. We can see that starting from the Kathwada circle to the brick kiln that is where the development ends. Going from left to right majorly there is commercial
5 | P a g e and after some distance there are majorly wood workshops and also there is increase in the commercial shops. Mostly vendors and the dhaba/restaurants are nearby the industrial area. Issues of economic activities List of economic activities observed in Odhav: In the gamtal Singrava: o Farming o Local shops o Dairy o Flour factory o Labour o Institutes o Transportation Along road stretch: o Local shops o Vendors/Hawkers o Seasonal vendors o Workshops o Labour o Animal husbandry o Garage o Brick kiln o Kabadi wala o Transportation o Eatery o Industries As per the development plan, the development in the north part and the south part along the road stretch is very different from each other. In the northern part, R1 zone and industries are allowed. While in the southern part there is gamtal and its extension and there is a very small province for industries. So there is more scope of development in the north than in the south. When we visited the site, we observed above economic activities. Majorly there are industries and timber workshops. Vendors were on the road side. Interviewed 56 persons engaged in different economic activities.
6 | P a g e Gamtal The southern part of the road stretch has a gamtal named as Singrava. This gamtal is 200 to 250 years old. As per history of this village, it was named after a person whose name was Singrava, as he was first who came there. Now the village has population of 5356. There are many castes in the village like Patel, prajapati, thakor and some of S.C., S.T. and of other backward class. The infrastructure implementation is in process that has sewerage lines, water pipelines, etc. Just one year before T.P. scheme has been introduced. So there is 70% decrease in the framing occupation. Now they are working as labour in the industries and factories nearby. Agriculture The majority crops are wheat and rice; while they cultivate vegetables in between the season change, which is then send to the Jetalpur through the trucks which is 20km away. Due to the environmental changes, firstly that of hail storm and unseasonal rains which destroys the crops. This scenario is being continued from last 4-5 years and also there is increasing in the price of every basis needs. Due to chemical industries, there is decrease in fertility of soil. The reasons for decrease in land holding are increase in the number of industries, selling of their land for housing schemes and coming up of T.P. scheme in the previous year. They were facing such problems, yet they tried their fullest to cultivate crops with the use of high yielding seeds, expensive pesticides and fertilisers. After spend lot of their credits, yet they did not get any result. So they felt helpless at that time, no money to fulfil their needs. So for them selling their land and joining the work force labour, would be socially and economically the last option. Case study: Name of interviewer: Rajendra bhai Age: 37 Date: 18/05/2015 He is farmer by occupation. Having land area of 700000 sq. m. But few years back due to the set up of chemical industry the environmental condition has changed. It affected lot of crop production, so at that time they reduce the farming. Then also they use to grown rice, wheat, bajra, etc. In Between the seasonal change they use to grow varieties of vegetables. But one year before town planning scheme has been introduced there, as per the rule 40% percentage land area is been taken by co-operation. Remaining land area was very less; he has sold his land to the private builders in high rise price of the land due TP scheme. Now he is working in nearby mill, while his father is also working with him. Now they are working on the monthly basis.
7 | P a g e While other economic activities that is local shops, flour factory, labour, institutes, etc doesnt much affect by the peri-urban areas. The dairy performs it work that is transportation of the milk that is also not much affect as the people are still practising the animal husbandry still the same. For the transportation earlier they were using from amts, so it does affect much by the development of the peri-urban areas. Road stretch Vendors Mostly vendors were seen selling clothes, vegetables and fruits. The vendors which we interviewed are migrants and mostly from U.P., Saurashtra, Rajasthan, Nepal and Patan. They have their specific place for doing their business. They start their business after 4 in the evening and end up by 8 at night. They mostly stay in Singrava village. Mostly all of them buy their selling product from city, Kalupur, Delhi Darwaja. While their customers are from nearby remote areas. CASE STUDY: Name: Mohan bhai Age: 33 Date: 18/05/2015 He is doing the business of cloth selling. He buys the cloths from Delhi Darvaja. He is from Nepal and now he is living in Singrava. He is engaged in this business since last 15 years. No other person works with him. He works from 10 a.m. to 7 a.m. his customers are usually from nearby places. Earlier he was working in a medicine factory but then he was caught by asthma so he left that work and started selling cloths. He put the cloth in a small cabin near his place of work but it is not safe. Sometimes the cloths get stolen but he cannot carry the cloths with him to home as he cannot work more due to the asthma problem. His wife and children are living in Nepal and his wife is doing farming there. So he lives here alone.
8 | P a g e There are Seasonal vendors are also seen who sell their things by standing on footpaths and also resides there. They come for 8months (summer and winter) and then they again go back to their village. And most of the people residing there are working in the industries and factories that are at Odhav and Naroda. Labours Mostly labours are working in mills; factory and industries as Odhav is industrial area. Employment opportunity is more in this area, because of more industries. So more migrants are seen. And from the survey we came to know that the most of the labour are migrants from Nepal, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. While other come from nearby remote areas. They usual work for 9- 10 hours a day. Transportation In Odhav, type of vehicle use for travelling is auto. Mostly all the auto walas are from Vastral. Their travel route is from Singrava to St. Gita mandir and they do 4-5 times trip of this route in a day. They work for 3-4 hours and then they do part-time job. Their generational occupation is farming.
9 | P a g e Animal husbandry As we have one village Singrava so animal husbandry is seen in that part. Most of them are having minimum 3-4 cows. They dont have gauchar land so they buy fodder for cattle. They sell the milk to the dairy. Some of them are doing this business as a side business while other are having this as their main and one occupation only. Workshops Timber workshops are majorly seen in the Odhav area. Mostly timber workshops are from last 25 to 30 years. Very few other workshops which are mention below. Marble workshop: The owner of the marble cutting workshop is from Palanpur and now living in Nikol in Ahmedabad since 5 years. He started this workshop before 5 years and it is on rent based. The marbles is brought from Rajasthan and sold in Ahmedabad and Kathlal. Total 5 persons are working in the workshop. The workers are living in Odhav and usually come to the workshop by public transport. The workers are paid monthly. Drum workshop: There is a workshop where plastic drums are cleaned and then supplied in all over Gujarat and Rajasthan. The owner of the workshop is from Rajasthan and now living in Shahibagh in Ahmedabad. He started this workshop before 4 years and it is on rent based. Total 4 persons are working in the workshop. The workers are from Rajasthan and lives in the workshop. The workers are paid daily.
10 | P a g e Issues and Observations The north part that is above of the highway is been much developed than the southern part because of the presence of the chemical industry on the south side. Hierarchy (Height of building) is seems to decrease while going from west to east. Water logging quite affects the timber workshops as they are situated along the road side. As shown in this map of contours that is near the road side there is low line area. They store their materials on the road side, which is been used by the villager for fuel. Due to water logging timber cant be further used. The villagers have to buy the wood then high cost. Inadequate infrastructure Absences of storm line Poor road condition. Improper use of open space. Not proper management of solid waste as land is occupied by the slums; so the waste is been burn by peoples living there and due to this there in air pollution. Before 2 years this highway was not as wide as it is now, but as per TP Scheme the road have been wider that is by the land acquisition. And so now the commercial shops are running in loss due service road is provided as approach road. Practising of animal husbandry is been lesser in this area as the availability of cattle grazing land in decreasing. Open space which is left between the buildings is used by the people who dont have proper house, built their tents and they are working in industries on daily wages. As the T.P. scheme is been introduce the land price is been increased, so the people have
11 | P a g e Conclusion Odhav is an old industrial area, so no major generational occupation change. Majorly this is an industrial area and now it is much more developed which have increased number of employment. This causes more number of in- migration and vendors. Land selling is increased due to increase in the land price, as T.P. scheme in introduce in last year. Width of the highway has increased. Due to the service road is been approach road to the commercial shops, which have affect the decrease in selling of shops. Due to chemical industry from last 9 to 10 years, which have affected the environment condition and there be decrease in the crop cultivation.

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mapping periphery

  • 1. 0 | P a g e Summer school 2015 Mapping Livelihoods at the Periphery Study Area: ODHAV Faculty: Prof. Ravi Sannabhadti Prof. Anurima Mukherji Basu Submitted By: Zinkal Mistry Aditi Mewada Kinjal Prajapati Diana Yohannan Mayank Sakla Setu Sherawala
  • 2. 1 | P a g e Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................ 2 Location...................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology............................................................................................................... 3 About the area............................................................................................................ 4 Economic activities at Odhav ..................................................................................... 4 Issues of economic activities...................................................................................... 5 List of economic activities observed in Odhav:........................................................... 5 Gamtal .................................................................................................................... 6 Agriculture ........................................................................................................... 6 Road stretch............................................................................................................ 7 Vendors ............................................................................................................... 7 Labours................................................................................................................ 8 Transportation...................................................................................................... 8 Animal husbandry................................................................................................ 9 Workshops........................................................................................................... 9 Marble workshop: ................................................................................................ 9 Drum workshop:................................................................................................... 9 Issues and Observations.......................................................................................... 10 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 11
  • 3. 2 | P a g e Introduction Peri-urban areas (also called rurban space, outskirts or the hinterland) are defined by the structure resulting from the process of peri-urbanisation. It can be described as the landscape interface between town and country, or also as the ruralurban Transition zone where urban and rural uses mix and often clash. It can thus be viewed as a landscape type in its own right, one forged from an interaction of urban and rural land use. The main aim of this course is to know how the livelihood at the peri-urban areas works around the peripheries in and around the Ahmedabad city. Also this course includes the study of different peripheral area. All this different areas are documented through interviews, maps, videos, sketches, pictures and field observations. The above sketch shows that number of people in green, is coming for work to the peri-urban areas from villages is less than the number of people coming from cities to peri-urban that is shown in pink colour. While people first for employment comes to the peri-urban areas and then they goes city areas, this how the migration happens.
  • 4. 3 | P a g e Location During this course we have taken three peri urban areas that are Changodar, Jetalpur and Odhav. Here we will discuss about the Odhav area. It is located on the east side of the Ahmedabad city. It is divided into two through the Sardar Patel ring road, so one is gamtal area and other is being developed as the peri urban areas. In the left bottom picture shows location of Odhav in Ahmedabad, while in the right picture is showing the Sardar Patel ring road and in that the red polygon shows the study area along the stretch of 3.2 km. Methodology
  • 5. 4 | P a g e About the area Odhav our study area starts from Kathwada circle that is junction from Odhav road and Sardar Patel ring road to brick kiln because after that there is no development. The stretch is of 3.2 km. While going from Kathwada circle to the end the height of the buildings decreases gradually. Development in this area of residential is from last 35 to 40 years that is followed by other housing and named as the Kanak village. And the other village on the opposite side of the road developed after Kanak; was the Singrava village which is since 20 to 25 years old. After that the workshops of the wooden logs and industries were set up which are also since 25 to 30 years old. Major development since last 10 years that is from the Kathwada circle is mostly coming up of commercial complexes and also the institute like banks, hospitals, restaurants, etc. Economic activities at Odhav In our study area there were many variations in economic activities. There were rickshaw-walas and jeeps were observed at Kathwada circle that is travelling from the Odhav to further villages on the Ahmedabad-Zalod highway and the inner areas of the Odhav, which comes before the S.P. ring road. Majorly there are banks, shops and timber workshops in Odhav. Timber workshops get there wood logs from farmers and then after cutting it into pieces, the waste generated from it they sell that wood to people living around the Odhav area which is used as a fuel and also it is send to Naroda for furniture making. Shops related to building material, electronics, food and tea-stalls. We can see that starting from the Kathwada circle to the brick kiln that is where the development ends. Going from left to right majorly there is commercial
  • 6. 5 | P a g e and after some distance there are majorly wood workshops and also there is increase in the commercial shops. Mostly vendors and the dhaba/restaurants are nearby the industrial area. Issues of economic activities List of economic activities observed in Odhav: In the gamtal Singrava: o Farming o Local shops o Dairy o Flour factory o Labour o Institutes o Transportation Along road stretch: o Local shops o Vendors/Hawkers o Seasonal vendors o Workshops o Labour o Animal husbandry o Garage o Brick kiln o Kabadi wala o Transportation o Eatery o Industries As per the development plan, the development in the north part and the south part along the road stretch is very different from each other. In the northern part, R1 zone and industries are allowed. While in the southern part there is gamtal and its extension and there is a very small province for industries. So there is more scope of development in the north than in the south. When we visited the site, we observed above economic activities. Majorly there are industries and timber workshops. Vendors were on the road side. Interviewed 56 persons engaged in different economic activities.
  • 7. 6 | P a g e Gamtal The southern part of the road stretch has a gamtal named as Singrava. This gamtal is 200 to 250 years old. As per history of this village, it was named after a person whose name was Singrava, as he was first who came there. Now the village has population of 5356. There are many castes in the village like Patel, prajapati, thakor and some of S.C., S.T. and of other backward class. The infrastructure implementation is in process that has sewerage lines, water pipelines, etc. Just one year before T.P. scheme has been introduced. So there is 70% decrease in the framing occupation. Now they are working as labour in the industries and factories nearby. Agriculture The majority crops are wheat and rice; while they cultivate vegetables in between the season change, which is then send to the Jetalpur through the trucks which is 20km away. Due to the environmental changes, firstly that of hail storm and unseasonal rains which destroys the crops. This scenario is being continued from last 4-5 years and also there is increasing in the price of every basis needs. Due to chemical industries, there is decrease in fertility of soil. The reasons for decrease in land holding are increase in the number of industries, selling of their land for housing schemes and coming up of T.P. scheme in the previous year. They were facing such problems, yet they tried their fullest to cultivate crops with the use of high yielding seeds, expensive pesticides and fertilisers. After spend lot of their credits, yet they did not get any result. So they felt helpless at that time, no money to fulfil their needs. So for them selling their land and joining the work force labour, would be socially and economically the last option. Case study: Name of interviewer: Rajendra bhai Age: 37 Date: 18/05/2015 He is farmer by occupation. Having land area of 700000 sq. m. But few years back due to the set up of chemical industry the environmental condition has changed. It affected lot of crop production, so at that time they reduce the farming. Then also they use to grown rice, wheat, bajra, etc. In Between the seasonal change they use to grow varieties of vegetables. But one year before town planning scheme has been introduced there, as per the rule 40% percentage land area is been taken by co-operation. Remaining land area was very less; he has sold his land to the private builders in high rise price of the land due TP scheme. Now he is working in nearby mill, while his father is also working with him. Now they are working on the monthly basis.
  • 8. 7 | P a g e While other economic activities that is local shops, flour factory, labour, institutes, etc doesnt much affect by the peri-urban areas. The dairy performs it work that is transportation of the milk that is also not much affect as the people are still practising the animal husbandry still the same. For the transportation earlier they were using from amts, so it does affect much by the development of the peri-urban areas. Road stretch Vendors Mostly vendors were seen selling clothes, vegetables and fruits. The vendors which we interviewed are migrants and mostly from U.P., Saurashtra, Rajasthan, Nepal and Patan. They have their specific place for doing their business. They start their business after 4 in the evening and end up by 8 at night. They mostly stay in Singrava village. Mostly all of them buy their selling product from city, Kalupur, Delhi Darwaja. While their customers are from nearby remote areas. CASE STUDY: Name: Mohan bhai Age: 33 Date: 18/05/2015 He is doing the business of cloth selling. He buys the cloths from Delhi Darvaja. He is from Nepal and now he is living in Singrava. He is engaged in this business since last 15 years. No other person works with him. He works from 10 a.m. to 7 a.m. his customers are usually from nearby places. Earlier he was working in a medicine factory but then he was caught by asthma so he left that work and started selling cloths. He put the cloth in a small cabin near his place of work but it is not safe. Sometimes the cloths get stolen but he cannot carry the cloths with him to home as he cannot work more due to the asthma problem. His wife and children are living in Nepal and his wife is doing farming there. So he lives here alone.
  • 9. 8 | P a g e There are Seasonal vendors are also seen who sell their things by standing on footpaths and also resides there. They come for 8months (summer and winter) and then they again go back to their village. And most of the people residing there are working in the industries and factories that are at Odhav and Naroda. Labours Mostly labours are working in mills; factory and industries as Odhav is industrial area. Employment opportunity is more in this area, because of more industries. So more migrants are seen. And from the survey we came to know that the most of the labour are migrants from Nepal, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. While other come from nearby remote areas. They usual work for 9- 10 hours a day. Transportation In Odhav, type of vehicle use for travelling is auto. Mostly all the auto walas are from Vastral. Their travel route is from Singrava to St. Gita mandir and they do 4-5 times trip of this route in a day. They work for 3-4 hours and then they do part-time job. Their generational occupation is farming.
  • 10. 9 | P a g e Animal husbandry As we have one village Singrava so animal husbandry is seen in that part. Most of them are having minimum 3-4 cows. They dont have gauchar land so they buy fodder for cattle. They sell the milk to the dairy. Some of them are doing this business as a side business while other are having this as their main and one occupation only. Workshops Timber workshops are majorly seen in the Odhav area. Mostly timber workshops are from last 25 to 30 years. Very few other workshops which are mention below. Marble workshop: The owner of the marble cutting workshop is from Palanpur and now living in Nikol in Ahmedabad since 5 years. He started this workshop before 5 years and it is on rent based. The marbles is brought from Rajasthan and sold in Ahmedabad and Kathlal. Total 5 persons are working in the workshop. The workers are living in Odhav and usually come to the workshop by public transport. The workers are paid monthly. Drum workshop: There is a workshop where plastic drums are cleaned and then supplied in all over Gujarat and Rajasthan. The owner of the workshop is from Rajasthan and now living in Shahibagh in Ahmedabad. He started this workshop before 4 years and it is on rent based. Total 4 persons are working in the workshop. The workers are from Rajasthan and lives in the workshop. The workers are paid daily.
  • 11. 10 | P a g e Issues and Observations The north part that is above of the highway is been much developed than the southern part because of the presence of the chemical industry on the south side. Hierarchy (Height of building) is seems to decrease while going from west to east. Water logging quite affects the timber workshops as they are situated along the road side. As shown in this map of contours that is near the road side there is low line area. They store their materials on the road side, which is been used by the villager for fuel. Due to water logging timber cant be further used. The villagers have to buy the wood then high cost. Inadequate infrastructure Absences of storm line Poor road condition. Improper use of open space. Not proper management of solid waste as land is occupied by the slums; so the waste is been burn by peoples living there and due to this there in air pollution. Before 2 years this highway was not as wide as it is now, but as per TP Scheme the road have been wider that is by the land acquisition. And so now the commercial shops are running in loss due service road is provided as approach road. Practising of animal husbandry is been lesser in this area as the availability of cattle grazing land in decreasing. Open space which is left between the buildings is used by the people who dont have proper house, built their tents and they are working in industries on daily wages. As the T.P. scheme is been introduce the land price is been increased, so the people have
  • 12. 11 | P a g e Conclusion Odhav is an old industrial area, so no major generational occupation change. Majorly this is an industrial area and now it is much more developed which have increased number of employment. This causes more number of in- migration and vendors. Land selling is increased due to increase in the land price, as T.P. scheme in introduce in last year. Width of the highway has increased. Due to the service road is been approach road to the commercial shops, which have affect the decrease in selling of shops. Due to chemical industry from last 9 to 10 years, which have affected the environment condition and there be decrease in the crop cultivation.