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Masonry

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shabir ahmad
shabir ahmad

This document discusses masonry construction using various building blocks like bricks. It describes different types of bonds used in brick masonry like stretcher bond, header bond, English bond, and Flemish bond. It also defines various technical terms used in brick masonry like frog, header course, stretcher course, queen closer, king closer, beveled closer, and mitered closer. Important points to observe while supervising brick masonry construction are highlighted.

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MASONRY Lecture#12 Engr. Abdur Rehman. Lecturer P.C.E. Peshawar Department of Civil Engineering PCE Peshawar
Masonry Masonry means construction of buildings using building blocks like stone, bricks, concrete blocks etc. Masonry is used for the construction of foundation, walls and columns. Mortar is the binding material for the building blocks.
BRICK MASONRY Brick masonry is built with bricks bonded together with mortar. For temporary purposes mud mortar may be used but for all permanent buildings cement mortars are used.
Technical Terms Brick : Masonry unit in the form of a rectangular block made of clay. 19 x 9 x 9 cm size. Brick Tile : Thickness comparatively less than that of a brick. 19 x 9 x 3 cm size. Frog : Depression provided in the face of a brick .
Header course Stretchers course Queen closer ISOMETRIC VIEW
Cont Queen Closer : The portion of a standard brick made by cutting it across the length into two equal parts is called Queen Closer.
Cont King Closer : The portion of a standard brick made by cutting off the triangular piece between the center of one header and one stretcher face.
Cont Bevelled Closer : The portion of a standard brick made by cutting off the triangular piece between the center of one header face and the opposite corner of the stretcher face.
Cont Mitered Closer : The portion of a standard brick having its one end cut through or mitered for the full width.
Cont Half Bat Portion of brick cut half across the width.
Bonding in Brickwork The process of arranging bricks in different courses in order to tie them together in unified mass of brickwork is called bonding in brickwork.
Types of Bonds The various types of bonds generally used in brick masonry are I. Stretcher bond II. Header bond III. English bond IV. Flemish bond etc
Stretcher Bond A stretcher is the longer face of the brick as seen in the elevation. In the brick of size 190 mm 90 mm 90 mm, 190 mm 90 mm face is the stretcher. In stretcher bond masonry all the bricks are arranged in stretcher courses
Cont.. However care should be taken to break vertical joints. This type of construction is useful for the construction of half brick thick partition wall.
Cont..
Header Bond A header is the shorter face of the brick as seen in the elevation. In a standard brick it is 90 mm 90 mm face. In header bond brick masonry all the bricks are arranged in the header courses
Cont.. This type of bond is useful for the construction of one brick thick walls.
English Bond In this alternate courses consist of headers and stretchers. This is considered to be the strongest bond. Hence it is commonly used bond for the walls of all thicknesses.
Cont.. To break continuity of vertical joints a brick is cut lengthwise into two halves and used in the beginning and end of a wall after first header. This is called queen closer.
Flemish Bond In this type of bond each course comprises of alternate header and stretcher. Alternate courses start with stretcher and header. To break the vertical joints queen closers are required, if a course starts with header.
Cont..
Points to be Observed in Supervising Brick Masonry ConstructionsThe following points should be observed in the construction of brick masonry: Use bricks of good quality with uniform colour, well burnt, with exact shape and size. Before using the bricks in masonry, they should be soaked in water for 2 hours so that bricks do not absorb water from the mortar. Bricks should be laid with the frog pointing upward. Construction of brick wall should start from the end or corner. Brick courses should be perfectly horizontal.
Cont Mortar used should be as per specification. Brick masonry should be regularly cured for 2 weeks. For carrying out brick work at higher levels, only single scaffolding should be used.

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Masonry

  • 1. MASONRY Lecture#12 Engr. Abdur Rehman. Lecturer P.C.E. Peshawar Department of Civil Engineering PCE Peshawar
  • 2. Masonry Masonry means construction of buildings using building blocks like stone, bricks, concrete blocks etc. Masonry is used for the construction of foundation, walls and columns. Mortar is the binding material for the building blocks.
  • 3. BRICK MASONRY Brick masonry is built with bricks bonded together with mortar. For temporary purposes mud mortar may be used but for all permanent buildings cement mortars are used.
  • 4. Technical Terms Brick : Masonry unit in the form of a rectangular block made of clay. 19 x 9 x 9 cm size. Brick Tile : Thickness comparatively less than that of a brick. 19 x 9 x 3 cm size. Frog : Depression provided in the face of a brick .
  • 6. Cont Queen Closer : The portion of a standard brick made by cutting it across the length into two equal parts is called Queen Closer.
  • 7. Cont King Closer : The portion of a standard brick made by cutting off the triangular piece between the center of one header and one stretcher face.
  • 8. Cont Bevelled Closer : The portion of a standard brick made by cutting off the triangular piece between the center of one header face and the opposite corner of the stretcher face.
  • 9. Cont Mitered Closer : The portion of a standard brick having its one end cut through or mitered for the full width.
  • 10. Cont Half Bat Portion of brick cut half across the width.
  • 11. Bonding in Brickwork The process of arranging bricks in different courses in order to tie them together in unified mass of brickwork is called bonding in brickwork.
  • 12. Types of Bonds The various types of bonds generally used in brick masonry are I. Stretcher bond II. Header bond III. English bond IV. Flemish bond etc
  • 13. Stretcher Bond A stretcher is the longer face of the brick as seen in the elevation. In the brick of size 190 mm 90 mm 90 mm, 190 mm 90 mm face is the stretcher. In stretcher bond masonry all the bricks are arranged in stretcher courses
  • 14. Cont.. However care should be taken to break vertical joints. This type of construction is useful for the construction of half brick thick partition wall.
  • 16. Header Bond A header is the shorter face of the brick as seen in the elevation. In a standard brick it is 90 mm 90 mm face. In header bond brick masonry all the bricks are arranged in the header courses
  • 17. Cont.. This type of bond is useful for the construction of one brick thick walls.
  • 18. English Bond In this alternate courses consist of headers and stretchers. This is considered to be the strongest bond. Hence it is commonly used bond for the walls of all thicknesses.
  • 19. Cont.. To break continuity of vertical joints a brick is cut lengthwise into two halves and used in the beginning and end of a wall after first header. This is called queen closer.
  • 20. Flemish Bond In this type of bond each course comprises of alternate header and stretcher. Alternate courses start with stretcher and header. To break the vertical joints queen closers are required, if a course starts with header.
  • 22. Points to be Observed in Supervising Brick Masonry ConstructionsThe following points should be observed in the construction of brick masonry: Use bricks of good quality with uniform colour, well burnt, with exact shape and size. Before using the bricks in masonry, they should be soaked in water for 2 hours so that bricks do not absorb water from the mortar. Bricks should be laid with the frog pointing upward. Construction of brick wall should start from the end or corner. Brick courses should be perfectly horizontal.
  • 23. Cont Mortar used should be as per specification. Brick masonry should be regularly cured for 2 weeks. For carrying out brick work at higher levels, only single scaffolding should be used.