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Mental health By Dr Usoro Edidiongobong

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Usoro Edidiong
Usoro Edidiong

This document provides an overview of mental health, including: - Definitions of mental health and common disorders like depression and anxiety. - Factors that can affect mental health like genetics, life experiences, and stress. - Signs of poor mental health like changes in mood and behavior. - Ways to manage stress and mental health through lifestyle changes, social support, and professional treatment if needed. - The consequences of untreated poor mental health on relationships, health, and work. - Features of good mental health like self-esteem, emotional control, and satisfying relationships. It emphasizes the importance of mental health as part of overall health and well-being.

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MENTAL HEALTH By Dr Usoro Edidiongobong U.T
CONTENT INTRODUCTION DEFINITION OF MENTAL HEALTH HISTORY EPIDEMIOLOGY FACTORS AFFECTING MENTAL HEALTH COMMON MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS DEPRESSION SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION STRESS MANAGEMENT OF STRESS AND POOR MENTAL HEALTH FEATURES OF GOOD MENTAL HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF POOR MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT CONCLUSION REFERENCES QUESTIONS Presentation title
INTRODUCTION The brain, known as the command centre is the most intricate and complex organ of the human body. .It is responsible for the function of other body organs including ones mental state. . It controls our thoughts, feelings, likes, dislikes. . It alerts us when we are hungry, thirsty, happy, upset, tired and well- rested. . Just like the body needs exercise to stay in shape, the brain also requires work in order to function well, hence, its important for individuals to work towards keeping their brain healthy. Presentation title 3
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DEFINITION Presentation title 5
HISTORY Mental illnesses were once considered to be due to demonic possession. Patients were locked up in tall jail like buildings , monasterys and isolated in remote regions far away from civilization. It was until the 20th century, psychiatry began to make scientific advances. Presentation title 6
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EPIDEMIOLOGY Mental and Behavioral disorders are found in people of all regions, all countries, all societies. An analysis done by WHO shows that neuropsychiatric conditions had an aggregate point prevalence of 10% for adults Its a fact that about half of mental disorders begin before the age of 14, about 20% of the children and adolescent in the world are estimated to have mental problems across cultures. Presentation title 8
GLOBAL STATISTICS OF THE DISEASE BURDEN 9
Presentation title 10 FACTORS AFFECTING MENTAL HEALTH BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL / SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Genetic (hereditary) Severe psychological trauma or or stress Dysfunctional Family(i.e siblings siblings and parents) Brain defects or injuries Sexual, physical or emotional abuse Death or Divorce Infections by certain bacteria and and viruses Neglect, lack of support from family and friends Traditional and Cultural expectations Poor nutrition (Lack of certain nutrients while growing up such such as omega-3 Poor social relationships and Peer group Substance abuse by family members (Often parents) Exposure to toxins Drug and substance abuse Early loss of a close family member or dear friend Change of environment Homelessness Loneliness Prenatal damage Economic status Stress School work and Education Medications effect Beliefs(Religious and Poverty or debt Genetic vulnerability Personality and self esteem Stigmatization and discrimination Chronic work stress Unemployment Lost of job Co-morbidity Romantic failure or heart break Geographical regions
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COMMON MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS Mood disorders Depression,Bipolar disorders etc Anxiety disorders -Generalized anxiety disorder, Panic disorder, Post Post traumatic stress disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Substance Abuse Disorders Psychotic Disorders Personality Disorders : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Eating Disorders Anorexia, Bulimia, Binge, Pica etc. Presentation title 13
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GLOBAL DISABILITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS (DALYs) attributed to mental disorder by the Lancet Psychiatry 15
DEPRESSION Depression is a very common mental disorder that presents with low mood, loss of interest in previously pleasurable activities, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, disturbance with sleep, low energy, poor concentration, change in appetite. Globally, more than 264 million people of all ages suffer from depression. Depression is the leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Presentation title 16
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SIGNS OF DEPRESSION&POOR MENTAL HEALTH 5 or more of these signs persistently for 2 weeks Persistent sad,mood swings , anxious, or "empty" mood. Sleeping too little, early morning awakening, or sleeping too much. Reduced appetite and/or weight loss, or increased appetite and weight gain. Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, including sex. Restlessness, irritability. Persistent physical symptoms that don't respond to treatment (such as headaches, chronic pain or digestive disorders). Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. Fatigue or loss of energy. Feeling guilty, Outbursts of anger, hopeless or worthless. Thoughts of suicide or death Presentation title 18
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STRESS Stress is the process of adjusting to or dealing with circumstances that disrupt or threaten to disrupt a persons physical or psychological functioning. Stress is tension, strain, or pressure from a situation that requires us to use, adapt or develop coping mechanisms. A Stressor is the stimulus preceeding or precipitating a change. It may be internal or external. If not addressed could lead to poor mental health. Presentation title 22
TYPES OF STRESS Good stress also known as Eustress. The optimal amount of stress which helps to promote health and growth based on coping skills. Getting married, starting a new job etc. Distress is stress due to an aversive, negative state in which coping and adaptation processes fail to return an organism to normal state. Presentation title 23
HOW DO WE MANAGE THIS ?
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STRESS MANAGEMENT Presentation title 26 Stress management involves controlling and reducing the tension that occurs in stressful situations by making emotional and physical changes. The degree of stress and the desire to make the changes will determine how much change takes place. Learn to Avoid,Alter,Adapt and Accept.
4 AS OF STRESS MANAGEMENT Presentation title 27
ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT&POOR MENTAL HEALTH Always take time for yourself at least 30minutes/day. Be aware of your own stress meter; know when to step back and cool down. Concentrate on controlling your own situation, without controlling everybody else. Daily exercise will burn off the stress chemicals. Eat lots of fresh fruit, vegetables, water; give your body the best for it to perform at its best. Presentation title 28
ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT&POOR MENTAL HEALTH CONTD Forgive others, do not hold grudges and be tolerant; not everyone is capable as you. Gain perspective on things, how important is the issue? Hugs, kisses and laughter; have fun and dont be afraid to share your feelings with others. Identify stressors and plan to deal with them better next time. Judge your own performance realistically; dont set goals out of your own reach. Keep a positive attitude, your outlook will influence outcomes and the way others treat you. Presentation title 29
ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT&POOR MENTAL HEALTH CONTD Limit alcohol, drugs and other stimulants, they affect your perception and Behavior. Manage money well, seek advice and save a percentage of what you earn. No is a word you need to learn to use without feeling guilty. O- Outdoor activities by yourself, or with friends and families, can be a great way to relax e.g. gardening. P- Play your favourite music. Q- Quit smoking Relationships; nurture and enjoy them, learn to listen more and talk less. Sleep well Treat yourself as often as possible e.g. massage, dinner out and the movies. Presentation title 30
ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT &POOR MENTAL HEALTH CONTD Understand things from the other persons point of view. Verify information from the source before exploding. Worry less, it really doesnt get things completed better or quicker. Yearly goal setting; plan what you want to achieve based on your priorities in your career, relationships, etc. Presentation title 31
Zest for life; each day is a gift, smile and be thankful that youre the part of the bigger picture.
Presentation title 33
FEATURES OF GOOD MENTAL HEALTH They feel good about themselves. They do not become overwhelmed by emotions, such as fear, anger, love, jealousy, guilt, or anxiety. They have lasting and satisfying personal relationships. They feel comfortable with other people. They can laugh at themselves and with others. Presentation title 34
FEATURES CONTD They have respect for themselves and for others even if there are differences. They are able to accept lifes disappointments. They can meet lifes demands and handle their problems when they arise. They make their own decisions. They shape their environment whenever possible and adjust to it when necessary Presentation title 35
How we get there ROI Niche markets Supply chains Presentation title 36
CONSEQUENCES OF POOR MENTAL HEALTH Social: strained relationships (marital, parental, friends .etc) Health: stress related diseases, migraines, higher risk to accidents, accelerated aging . Behavioral : depression, develop bad habits such as alcoholism, smoking and drug abuse. Work: reduced work performance and productivity Presentation title 37
B2B market scenarios Cloud-based opportunities Presentation title 38
TREATMENT Presentation title 39
WHAT CAN WE DO TO HELP? Presentation title 40 Synergise scalable e-commerce Sep 20XX Disseminate standardised metrics Nov 20XX Coordinate e-business applications Jan 20XX Foster holistically superior methodologies Mar 20XX Deploy strategic networks with compelling e-business needs May 20XX
CONCLUSION Presentation title 41 The journey to improving mental health starts NOW. Mental Health is an ongoing daily journey that we all have to take part in. Mental health is an integral part of health; indeed, there is no health without mental health. There is no perfect solution that works for everyone in building coping skills, it is therefore important that each individual takes a strong stand in attaining this. It takes 21days to create a habit; it takes 90days to create a lifestyle. WHAT MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS IS MORE ENLIGHTENMENT, MORE CANDOUR, AND MORE UNASHAMED CONVERSATIONSGlenn Close
REFERENCES Presentation title 42 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders https://wfmh.global/ https://raycenter.wp.drake.edu/2020/09/15/good-stress-versus- distress/?print=print https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215- 0366%2821%2900395-3/fulltext https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/wp-content/uploads/bsk-pdf- manager/2020/01/MENTAL-HEALTH-IN-NIGERIA-SURVEY-Conducted-by- Africa-Polling-Institute-and-EpiAFRIC-January-2020-REPORT.pdf
Thank you
Presentation title 44 QUESTIONS!!!!!!

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Mental health By Dr Usoro Edidiongobong

  • 1. MENTAL HEALTH By Dr Usoro Edidiongobong U.T
  • 2. CONTENT INTRODUCTION DEFINITION OF MENTAL HEALTH HISTORY EPIDEMIOLOGY FACTORS AFFECTING MENTAL HEALTH COMMON MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS DEPRESSION SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION STRESS MANAGEMENT OF STRESS AND POOR MENTAL HEALTH FEATURES OF GOOD MENTAL HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF POOR MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT CONCLUSION REFERENCES QUESTIONS Presentation title
  • 3. INTRODUCTION The brain, known as the command centre is the most intricate and complex organ of the human body. .It is responsible for the function of other body organs including ones mental state. . It controls our thoughts, feelings, likes, dislikes. . It alerts us when we are hungry, thirsty, happy, upset, tired and well- rested. . Just like the body needs exercise to stay in shape, the brain also requires work in order to function well, hence, its important for individuals to work towards keeping their brain healthy. Presentation title 3
  • 6. HISTORY Mental illnesses were once considered to be due to demonic possession. Patients were locked up in tall jail like buildings , monasterys and isolated in remote regions far away from civilization. It was until the 20th century, psychiatry began to make scientific advances. Presentation title 6
  • 8. EPIDEMIOLOGY Mental and Behavioral disorders are found in people of all regions, all countries, all societies. An analysis done by WHO shows that neuropsychiatric conditions had an aggregate point prevalence of 10% for adults Its a fact that about half of mental disorders begin before the age of 14, about 20% of the children and adolescent in the world are estimated to have mental problems across cultures. Presentation title 8
  • 9. GLOBAL STATISTICS OF THE DISEASE BURDEN 9
  • 10. Presentation title 10 FACTORS AFFECTING MENTAL HEALTH BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL / SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Genetic (hereditary) Severe psychological trauma or or stress Dysfunctional Family(i.e siblings siblings and parents) Brain defects or injuries Sexual, physical or emotional abuse Death or Divorce Infections by certain bacteria and and viruses Neglect, lack of support from family and friends Traditional and Cultural expectations Poor nutrition (Lack of certain nutrients while growing up such such as omega-3 Poor social relationships and Peer group Substance abuse by family members (Often parents) Exposure to toxins Drug and substance abuse Early loss of a close family member or dear friend Change of environment Homelessness Loneliness Prenatal damage Economic status Stress School work and Education Medications effect Beliefs(Religious and Poverty or debt Genetic vulnerability Personality and self esteem Stigmatization and discrimination Chronic work stress Unemployment Lost of job Co-morbidity Romantic failure or heart break Geographical regions
  • 13. COMMON MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS Mood disorders Depression,Bipolar disorders etc Anxiety disorders -Generalized anxiety disorder, Panic disorder, Post Post traumatic stress disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Substance Abuse Disorders Psychotic Disorders Personality Disorders : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Eating Disorders Anorexia, Bulimia, Binge, Pica etc. Presentation title 13
  • 15. GLOBAL DISABILITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS (DALYs) attributed to mental disorder by the Lancet Psychiatry 15
  • 16. DEPRESSION Depression is a very common mental disorder that presents with low mood, loss of interest in previously pleasurable activities, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, disturbance with sleep, low energy, poor concentration, change in appetite. Globally, more than 264 million people of all ages suffer from depression. Depression is the leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Presentation title 16
  • 18. SIGNS OF DEPRESSION&POOR MENTAL HEALTH 5 or more of these signs persistently for 2 weeks Persistent sad,mood swings , anxious, or "empty" mood. Sleeping too little, early morning awakening, or sleeping too much. Reduced appetite and/or weight loss, or increased appetite and weight gain. Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, including sex. Restlessness, irritability. Persistent physical symptoms that don't respond to treatment (such as headaches, chronic pain or digestive disorders). Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. Fatigue or loss of energy. Feeling guilty, Outbursts of anger, hopeless or worthless. Thoughts of suicide or death Presentation title 18
  • 22. STRESS Stress is the process of adjusting to or dealing with circumstances that disrupt or threaten to disrupt a persons physical or psychological functioning. Stress is tension, strain, or pressure from a situation that requires us to use, adapt or develop coping mechanisms. A Stressor is the stimulus preceeding or precipitating a change. It may be internal or external. If not addressed could lead to poor mental health. Presentation title 22
  • 23. TYPES OF STRESS Good stress also known as Eustress. The optimal amount of stress which helps to promote health and growth based on coping skills. Getting married, starting a new job etc. Distress is stress due to an aversive, negative state in which coping and adaptation processes fail to return an organism to normal state. Presentation title 23
  • 24. HOW DO WE MANAGE THIS ?
  • 26. STRESS MANAGEMENT Presentation title 26 Stress management involves controlling and reducing the tension that occurs in stressful situations by making emotional and physical changes. The degree of stress and the desire to make the changes will determine how much change takes place. Learn to Avoid,Alter,Adapt and Accept.
  • 27. 4 AS OF STRESS MANAGEMENT Presentation title 27
  • 28. ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT&POOR MENTAL HEALTH Always take time for yourself at least 30minutes/day. Be aware of your own stress meter; know when to step back and cool down. Concentrate on controlling your own situation, without controlling everybody else. Daily exercise will burn off the stress chemicals. Eat lots of fresh fruit, vegetables, water; give your body the best for it to perform at its best. Presentation title 28
  • 29. ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT&POOR MENTAL HEALTH CONTD Forgive others, do not hold grudges and be tolerant; not everyone is capable as you. Gain perspective on things, how important is the issue? Hugs, kisses and laughter; have fun and dont be afraid to share your feelings with others. Identify stressors and plan to deal with them better next time. Judge your own performance realistically; dont set goals out of your own reach. Keep a positive attitude, your outlook will influence outcomes and the way others treat you. Presentation title 29
  • 30. ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT&POOR MENTAL HEALTH CONTD Limit alcohol, drugs and other stimulants, they affect your perception and Behavior. Manage money well, seek advice and save a percentage of what you earn. No is a word you need to learn to use without feeling guilty. O- Outdoor activities by yourself, or with friends and families, can be a great way to relax e.g. gardening. P- Play your favourite music. Q- Quit smoking Relationships; nurture and enjoy them, learn to listen more and talk less. Sleep well Treat yourself as often as possible e.g. massage, dinner out and the movies. Presentation title 30
  • 31. ABCs KEYS FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT &POOR MENTAL HEALTH CONTD Understand things from the other persons point of view. Verify information from the source before exploding. Worry less, it really doesnt get things completed better or quicker. Yearly goal setting; plan what you want to achieve based on your priorities in your career, relationships, etc. Presentation title 31
  • 32. Zest for life; each day is a gift, smile and be thankful that youre the part of the bigger picture.
  • 34. FEATURES OF GOOD MENTAL HEALTH They feel good about themselves. They do not become overwhelmed by emotions, such as fear, anger, love, jealousy, guilt, or anxiety. They have lasting and satisfying personal relationships. They feel comfortable with other people. They can laugh at themselves and with others. Presentation title 34
  • 35. FEATURES CONTD They have respect for themselves and for others even if there are differences. They are able to accept lifes disappointments. They can meet lifes demands and handle their problems when they arise. They make their own decisions. They shape their environment whenever possible and adjust to it when necessary Presentation title 35
  • 36. How we get there ROI Niche markets Supply chains Presentation title 36
  • 37. CONSEQUENCES OF POOR MENTAL HEALTH Social: strained relationships (marital, parental, friends .etc) Health: stress related diseases, migraines, higher risk to accidents, accelerated aging . Behavioral : depression, develop bad habits such as alcoholism, smoking and drug abuse. Work: reduced work performance and productivity Presentation title 37
  • 38. B2B market scenarios Cloud-based opportunities Presentation title 38
  • 40. WHAT CAN WE DO TO HELP? Presentation title 40 Synergise scalable e-commerce Sep 20XX Disseminate standardised metrics Nov 20XX Coordinate e-business applications Jan 20XX Foster holistically superior methodologies Mar 20XX Deploy strategic networks with compelling e-business needs May 20XX
  • 41. CONCLUSION Presentation title 41 The journey to improving mental health starts NOW. Mental Health is an ongoing daily journey that we all have to take part in. Mental health is an integral part of health; indeed, there is no health without mental health. There is no perfect solution that works for everyone in building coping skills, it is therefore important that each individual takes a strong stand in attaining this. It takes 21days to create a habit; it takes 90days to create a lifestyle. WHAT MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS IS MORE ENLIGHTENMENT, MORE CANDOUR, AND MORE UNASHAMED CONVERSATIONSGlenn Close
  • 42. REFERENCES Presentation title 42 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders https://wfmh.global/ https://raycenter.wp.drake.edu/2020/09/15/good-stress-versus- distress/?print=print https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215- 0366%2821%2900395-3/fulltext https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/wp-content/uploads/bsk-pdf- manager/2020/01/MENTAL-HEALTH-IN-NIGERIA-SURVEY-Conducted-by- Africa-Polling-Institute-and-EpiAFRIC-January-2020-REPORT.pdf