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Person Subject to Military Law All Officers and soldiers in the active service of the AFP Members of the Reserve Force from dates of their CAD and while on active duty Training undergoing military instructions All other persons lawfully called, Draftees or ordered into, or to duty or for training in the service from dates of their calls, drafs or order to obey the same

Person Subject to Military Law Cadets of PMA, Flying Cadets of the PAF, Flying Schools and P2LTs All retainers to the camp and all person accompanying or serving with the AFP in the field in time of war or when Martial Law is declared All persons under sentence adjudge by Court-Martial

Role of the Military Uphold the sovereignty, support the constitution and defend the territory of the RP against all enemies, foreign and domestic Promote and advance the national aims, goals, interest and policies In consonance with national objectives

Role of the Military Plan, organize, maintain, develop and deploy its regular and citizen reserve forces for national security Assist and support the National Government in its task of nation building Perform other functions as may be provided by law or assigned by higher authorities

Role of the Military during Normal Conditions Perform civic action Law enforcement duties Socio-economic programs Enhancement of training programs Strengthening of Reserve Force Upgrading mission, objectives or goals to include policies Formulation of self-reliance program Enhance of Public Relation program Upgrading of morale and welfare of the members of the AFP Enhancement of sports and other recreational activities

Military Jurisdiction Sources: Constitution of the Philippines International Law

Court-Martial Classification: General Special Summary

Court-Martial Composition: All commissioned Officer in the Active Duty No distinction exists among the various classes of officer in the mil service 2LTs and members of the Nurse Corps and Reserve Officer on Active Duty training may not serve on court martial

Court-Martial Number: General CM - any member of officer not less than five (5). Special CM - any member of officer not less than three(3). Summary CM - consist of one (1) officer.

Court-Martial A law member, who shall not be an officer of the Judge Advocate General Service shall be detailed as one of the members of the GCM

Court-Martial Appointing Authorities: General Court-Martial President of the Philippines CSAFP When empowered by the President CO of Division Supt of PMA (except for the trial of an offr) CO of Separate Brigade or Body of Troops

Court-Martial Appointing Authorities: Special Court-Martial Persons who can appoint GCM When empowered by the President CO of Garrison, Fort, Camp, Brigade, Regiment, Detached Bn or other Detached Command

Court-Martial Appointing Authorities: Summary Court-Martial CO of Garrison, Fort, Camp or other place where troops are on duty and the CO of a Regiment, Detached Bn, Detached company or other detachment

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Article 54 - Fraudulent Enlistment Any Person who procures himself to be enlisted by: Willful misrepresentation Concealment as to qualification for enlistment and receive Pay and Allowances

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Instance Offenses Concealment of previous dishonorable discharge Concealment of discharge without honor Concealment that he was a deserter False representation of marital status Article 54 - Fraudulent Enlistment

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Fraudulent enlistment is not void but voidable only at the option of the government. The offenses can be waived and the soldier may be retained in the service Article 54 - Fraudulent Enlistment

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Maximum Punishment Dishonorable Discharge Forfeiture of all Pay and Allowances 1 -year confinement and hard labor Article 54 - Fraudulent Enlistment

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Article 55 - Officer Unlawful Enlistment Any officer who knowingly enlist or musters into the military service to any person whose enlistment or muster is prohibited

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Article 56 - False Muster Any officer who are: Make false muster of a men or animals Sign, direct or allows the signing of any muster roll knowing to the same contain false statements as to the absence or pay an officer or soldier Wrongfully takes money or other consideration

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Article 57 - False Return Committed by officer who render false report to superior authority on the return of troops under his unit or arms, ammunition, funds, etc

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Punishment: Dismissal from the service Suffer other punishment as Court-Martial may direct Article 57 - False Return

Enlistment, Musters, Returns Article 171 Falsification of public office, employee, notary or ecclesiastics Article 57 - False Return

Desertion, Absence Without Leave Article 58 - Acts Constituting Desertion Any officer, having tendered his resignation and prior notice or acceptance, quits his post or proper duties without leave and with intent to absent permanently Any officer without having first discharge against enlist in the AFP or AF of foreign country Any person subject to military law quits his organization or place of duty with intent to avoid hazardous duty or shirk important service

Desertion, Absence Without Leave Article 59 - Desertion -No intent to Return Any person subject to military law desert or attempt to desert the AFP shall: If the offense committed in time of war shall suffer death or such other punishment as Court-Martial may direct At any other time - any punishment that Court-Martial may direct except death.

Desertion, Absence Without Leave Article 60 - Advising or Aiding another to Desert Any person who: Advises, persuades, assist another to desert the service Punishment: Wartime - DEATH Committed at other time - any punishment except death In advising or persuading to desert, it is not necessary that there is actual desertion. It is important that the prosecution should have induced the act

Desertion, Absence Without Leave Article 62 - Absent Without Leave (AWOL) Any person subject to military law who: Fails to report at fixed time to the properly appointed place of duty Goes from same without proper leave Absent himself from his command, guard quarters, station without leave Punishment: As Court-Martial may direct AWOL is lesser offense included in Desertions

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Article 63 - Disrespect toward President, Vice President, Congress, or SND Any officer who uses contemptuous or disrespect words against the above Punishment: Dismissed from the service As Court-Martial may direct Mere adverse criticism uttered in a political discussion not intended to be respectful is not violated in this article

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Article 64 - Disrespect toward Superior Officer Any person who behave with disrespect toward his superior officer Punishment: As Court-Martial may direct

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Offenses Words like open declaration of intention to disobey orders Disrespect word uttered against an officer in the presence of other officer Acts neglecting the customary salute By indifference, insolence or rudeness in his presence Article 64 - Disrespect toward Superior Officer

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Article 65 - Assaulting or Willfully Disobeying Superior Officer Any person subject to military who: Strikes his superior officer Draw or lift any weapon Officer violated against him being in the execution of his office Willfully disobey any lawful command of his superior Punishment: DEATH or as Court-Martial may direct

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Article 66 - Insubordinate Conduct toward Non-Commissioned Officer Any soldier who: Strikes or assaults, or who attempts of threatens to strike or assault, or willfully disobeys order of a NCO or uses threatening or insulting language, or behaves in an insubordination or respectful manner toward a NCO while in an execution of his office Punishment: As Court-Martial may direct

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Article 67 - Mutiny or Sedition Any person subject to military law who: Attempt to create or who begins, excite, causes or joins any mutiny or sedition in company, party, post, camp, detachment guard or command . Punishment: DEATH As Court-Martial may direct

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Mutiny - concerted insubordination on opposition, defiance of, or resistance to lawful mil authority by two or more persons subject to such authority or neutralize it for the time being. Sedition - form of resistance to civil power demonstrated by riot, disorder. Intent alone is not sufficient no matter how deliberate and fixed or even if there is unanimous conspiracy, the offense of mutiny will fail. In other words, words alone, unaccompanied by acts will not suffice to constitute mutiny.

Disrespect, Insubordination, Mutiny Article 68 - Failure to suppress Mutiny or Sedition Any officer or soldier present at any mutiny or sedition does not use his utmost endeavor to suppress the same of having reason to believe that mutiny or sedition is to take place does not without delay, give info to his CO. Punishment: DEATH As Court-Martial may direct It is crime simply to “stand by” while mutiny is being committed

Arrest and Confinement Article 70 - Arrest or Confinement Any person subject to mil law charged with crime or with an offense under these articles shall be placed in confinement or arrest as circumstances may require; but when charge with a minor offense only, such person shall not ordinarily be placed in confinement. Or who break his arrest, whether before or after trial or sentence and before he set at liberty by proper authority. Punishment: As Court-Martial may direct

Arrest and Confinement Article 72 - Refusal to Receive and Keep Prisoners No Provost Marshall or Commander of the Guard shall refuse to receive or keep any prisoner committed to his charge by any officer belonging to the AFP or PNP, provided the officer committing shall, at the time deliver an account in writing, if the crime of offenses charges against the prisoner. Punishment: (Any Officer or Soldier) As Court-Martial may direct

Arrest and Confinement Article 74 - Releasing Prisoner Without Proper Authority Any person subject to mil law, without proper authority, release any prisoner duly committed to his charge, or who through neglect or design suffers any prisoner to committed to escape. Punishment: As Court-Martial may direct

Arrest and Confinement Article 75 - Delivery of Offenders to Civil Authorities When a person subject to mil law, except one who is held by the mil authorities to answer, or who is awaiting trial or result of trial or who is undergoing sentence for a crime of offense punishable under those articles is accused a crime or offense committed and punishable under those article is accused a crime or offense committed and punishable by law ordinance, the CO is required, except in time of war, to deliver such accused person to the civil authorities or the Officer of Justice in apprehending and securing him, in order that he may brought to trial. Punishment: (Any CO in time of War, to deliver over such accused person to the civil authority or to aid officer of Justice in apprehending and securing him) Dismissed from the Service As Court-Martial may direct When under the provision of this Article, delivery is made to the civil authorities of an offender undergoing sentence of a Court-Martial, such delivery, if followed by conviction, shall be held to interrupt the execution of the offense of the Court-Martial and the offense shall be return to military custody, after having answered to the civil authorities for his offense, for the completion to the said Court-Martial sentences

Miscellaneous Crimes and Offenses

Miscellaneous Crimes & Offenses Article 85 - Waste on Unlawful Disposition of Military Property Issued to Soldier Punishment: As CM may direct Article 86 - Drunk on Duty Punishment: Officer (In time of War)- Dismissed from the Svc/ (Time of Peace) -As CM may direct/ Any Person Subject to Mil Law (Except Officer) - As CM may direct Article 87 - Misbehavior of Sentinel Punishment: (In time of War) - Death/As CM may direct/ (Time of Peace) - As CM may direct except death

Miscellaneous Crimes & Offenses Article 88 - Personal Interest in Sale or Provision Punishment: As CM may direct Article 88A - Unlawfully Influencing Action of Court Violation: Favoring a certain private contractors in the supply of victuals, other food stuff or other necessaries of life used by the soldier in the camp or station of which he is the CO In order to violate this Article, it is necessary for the CO has gained private advantage, either for himself or any member of his family Punishment: As CM may direct

Miscellaneous Crimes & Offenses Article 94 - Various Crime This AW has been modified by PD 1850 which makes person subject to mil law trial by Court-Martial irrespective whether the offense was committed inside or outside a military reservation and whether or not the offended party is a person subject to mil law

Miscellaneous Crimes & Offenses Article 96 - Conduct Unbecoming of an Officer and Gentlemen Military Personnel amenable under this AW: Officer Cadet Flying/P2LT Penalty: Dismissal from the Service

Miscellaneous Crimes & Offenses Article 97 - General Article Refers to: All disorders and neglect to the prejudice of good order and military discipline and all conduct of nature as to bring discredit upon the military service General Court-Martial or Summary Court-Martial shall take this offense according to the nature and degree of the offense Penalty: Discretionary upon the court

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