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Roy Chestnut
Director, Technical Marketing
Teledyne LeCroy
MIPI M-PHY® Gear4 and its impact on MIPI
UniPortSM/UFS

© 2017 MIPI Alliance, Inc.
Agenda
• MIPI M-PHY
• MIPI UniPro
• UFS
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MIPI M-PHY
– Bursts and Gears
– Gear 4
– New Attributes
• Min_SAVE_Config_Time_Capability
– ADAPT
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Burst States
• Burst States
– Data transmission occurs in BURSTs with power saving states between BURSTs.
– BURSTs can be transferred in HS-MODE or LS-MODE
– The Min_SAVE_Config_Time_Capability attribute includes all implementation specific
timings required to prepare for the reception of the next BURST after configuration during
SAVE.
– Each BURST starts from the SAVE state for that operating mode, with a transition from DIF-N
to DIF-P.
– After a period of DIF-P called PREPARE, a sequence of 8b10b encoded symbols
– After the last 8b10b SYMBOL of the BURST either a series of b0s or a series of b1s (TAIL-OF-
BURST) is transmitted.
– A series of equal bits violate 8b10b code characteristics, and indicates whether the M-RX
returns to the SAVE state of the current operating mode or enters LINE-CFG.
– In the case of PWM signaling, the last bit of the sequence is inverted to indicate the end of
LINE activity.
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Gears and Rates
• HS-GEARs
– A MODULE in HS-BURST shall only operate at the defined data rate, DRHS.
– There are two RATE series, A and B, where each step in the series scales by
a factor of two
– RATES are used for Limiting EMI with the Cellular modem.
– A MODULE that includes HS-MODE shall support both RATEs of a GEAR.
– A MODULE supporting HS-MODE shall support HS-G1. If a higher GEAR is
supported all lower GEARs shall be supported as well.
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Burst and Gears
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MIPI M-PHY Gear4
• Doubling of the Data Rate from HS-Gear3 to HS-Gear4
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Min_SAVE_Config_Time_Capability
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• Min_SAVE_Config_Time_Capability
attribute includes all
implementation specific timings
required to prepare for the
reception of the next BURST after
configuration during SAVE.
– Prepare
– ADAPT
– Sync

ADAPT
• ADAPT
– The ADAPT sub-state is intended for the RX equalizer training
– If an M-RX supports ADAPT, the PREPARE sub-state may be followed by the
ADAPT sub-state for HS-G4.
– ADAPT sequence starts with MK0 followed by an 8b10b encoded PRBS9
pattern
– ADAPT sequence is completed by one b0 bit.
– The 8b10b PRBS9 ADAPT sequence repeats every 650 bits.
– ADAPT sub-state ends with the transmission of a TAIL-OF-BURST
– M-RX and M-TX shall return to the STALL state.
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ADAPT
• During initial discovery, the local protocol requests and reads capabilities of MODULEs on both sides of the LINK.
• If HS-G4 equalizer capability is detected on both sides, updates the remote M-RX ADAPT length capability into
its local M-TX ADAPT length configuration.
– TX_HS_ADAPT_Length >= RX_HS_ADAPT_INITIAL_Capability
• The local protocol shall update the following setting for a Refresh ADAPT:
– TX_HS_ADAPT_Length >= RX_HS_ADAPT_REFRESH_Capability
• When a HS-G4 BURST is initiated and ADAPT has been configured the M-TX transitions from PREPARE to the
ADAPT sub-state instead of SYNC.
• The M-TX transitions from DIF-P to transmitting the ADAPT sequence.
• Both M-TX and M-RX remain in the ADAPT sub-state for the equalizer training for a duration of TADAPT
• The M-RX signals exit from the ADAPT sub-state by flipping the ADAPT_Control field of RX_ADAPT_Control from
ADAPT to SYNC and returning to STALL.
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MIPI UniPro 1.80
• New Link Startup Sequence
• PACP Changes
• Burst and Deskew
• Quality of Service
• New Primitives
• Deprecated Functions
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Changes to Link Startup
• Terminating a Link Startup
• A UniPro Link Startup Sequence shall be aborted without reporting PA_LM_LINKSTARTUP.cnf_L(FAILURE) to
the DME by either of the following conditions:
– Local Application setting Power Mode to Hibernate_Mode or Off_Mode
– Local Assertion of UniPro Cold Reset or UniPro Warm Reset
• Error Processing during Link Startup
• During Link Startup, the PA layer can only advance the Link Startup Phase
– even when receiving errors on the incoming Link.
• The PA Receiver should advance from Phase 0, Phase 1 or Phase 3 upon receipt of the correct TRG Symbols
• The PA Receiver should ignore errors received during Phase 0 through Phase 4.
• A PA_LM_LINKSTARTUP.cnf_L(FAILURE) should only be generated from a timeout.
• HIBERN8 immediately after PA_LM_LINKSTARTUP.cnf_L(FAILURE), to prepare for a new Link Startup 1792
attempt from the local DME or the peer Device.
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PACP Changes
• Gear 4
– PACP_PWR-REQ/CNF
• Added value of 4 in the TX/RXGear field
• Adapt
– PACP_PWR-REQ/CNF
• This field indicates the presence of ADAPT and type of ADAPT range (Fine or Course) selected for the current
Power Mode Change
• PACP_CAP_ind
– MaxHS
• This field shall be ignored by the PA receiver if PACP_CAP_EXT2_ind is received.
• Instead, the MaxHS field of PACP_CAP_EXT2_ind shall be used.
• If TX_HSGEAR_Capability is returned with value 4 or above, the PA transmitter shall set this field with value 2b’11
• In all other cases, the PA transmitter shall set this field with the value retrieved from TX_HSGEAR_Capability[1:0].
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PACP Changes
• PACP_CAP_EXT2_ind
– The PACP_CAP_EXT2_ind frame is new
– It supports all new capabilities introduced in M-PHY specification revision 4.0 onwards.
– It is used in phase 5 of Link Startup Sequence before the PACP_CAP_EXT1_ind to notify the peer PA Layer of the
local M-TX, M-RX, and PA Layer capabilities
– Legacy Devices prior to UniPro version 1.8 not being able to recognize PACP_CAP_EXT2_ind shall
– discard the reception of those PACP frames and proceed to PACP_CAP_EXT1_ind or PACP_CAP_ind
– The frame’s fields are as follows
• MaxHS: Maximum HS gear, or zero if HS mode is unavailable
– This field overrides the field with the same name that is found in PACP_CAP_ind frame.
• RxHsG4SyncLength: M-PHY timing information
• RxHsG4PrepareLength: M-PHY timing information
• RxHsAdaptInitial: M-PHY timing information
• RxHsAdaptRefresh: M-PHY timing information
– Unsupported or non-existing M-PHY capability attributes are reported with every bit set to '1'.
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Power Mode Changes
• With MIPI UniPro Version 1.8 Only
• Local PA Layer sends a PACP_PWR_req frame
• When the remote PA Layer receives a valid PACP_PWR_req frame
• The remote PA Layer shall send the PACP_PWR_cnf frame.
• The local PA Layer receives a valid PACP_PWR_cnf frame
• It checks the Status field.
– If the Status field contains PWR_OK, PAPowerModeUserData is passed to the local DME.
• The local PHY Layer wil be configured with the requested parameters.
• The local PA Layer shall close the burst on the outbound Link.
• The remote PA Layer shall close the burst on the other Link when detecting the end of burst on its
inbound Link.
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Power Mode Change with Adapt
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Local PA Remote PA
PA_LM_SET.req (PA_PWRMode, x)
PA_LM_SET.cnf_L (SUCCESS)
PACP_PWR_req
Idle Idle
WaitCnf
Configure MODULEs
PACP_PWR_cnf
WaitEoB
Burst TX
Burst TX
Check cnf
Configure MODULEs
PACP_REQUEST_TIMER
PACP_REQUEST_TIMER
WaitEoB
PA_DL_RESUME.indPA_DL_RESUME.ind
Idle Idle
PA_LM_PWR_MODE_CHANGED.ind
(PWR_LOCAL)
Check Capability
Check Capability
End TX Burst
End TX Burst
Remote DMELocal DME
PACP_REQUEST_TIMER
PACP_REQUEST_TIMER
PA_DL_PAUSE
PA_DL_PAUSE
PA_LM_PWR_MODE.ind
PA_LM_PWR_MODE.rsp_L
PA_LM_PWR_MODE.ind
PA_LM_PWR_MODE.rsp_L
PA_LM_PWR_MODE_CHANGED.ind
(PWR_REMOTE)
TX Adapt
Req Adapt TX
PACP_REQUEST_TIMER
PACP_REQUEST_TIMER PACP_REQUEST_TIMER
PACP_REQUEST_TIMER
Wait for Adapt Complete Ind
from M-TX & M-RX
Wait for Adapt Complete Ind
from M-TX & M-RX
Req Adapt TX
TX Adapt

Burst Start and Deskew Pattern
Burst Start and Deskew Pattern
• An M-PHY burst shall begin by transmitting a deskew pattern <MK0, MK1>,
• MK0 functions as an Start of Burst HEAD-OF-BURST marker.
• The deskew pattern is also used when resynchronizing Lanes
• The deskew pattern shall be transmitted simultaneously on all active Lanes.
• The deskew pattern may be transmitted at any point in time for the purpose of potential error recovery
• Dummy Burst
• A dummy burst is an M-PHY burst that is sent on inactive M-PHY Lanes in a Multi-Lane scenario during Link
configuration.
• A dummy burst is to synchronize the M-PHY Lane attributes across both, inactive and activated Lanes
• A dummy burst does not carry any payload and is not used in Lane distribution
• A dummy burst is issued only on Lanes with a logical Lane number greater than 0.
• The dummy burst shall begin by transmitting a special pattern <MK0, FLR>, which distinguishes the dummy
burst from a normal burst. During the dummy burst, the PA Layer shall send only FILLERs.
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New Primitives
– PA_INIT.ind
• Informs the DL Layer that there was a PA_INIT requested by the Peer PA Layer. The DL Layer
should notify the DME
– PA_LM_RX_SYMBOL_CNT.ind
• PA Layer generates this primitive every time it receives 1024 Symbols between the Head of
Burst and the End of Burst
– PA_LM_TX_SYMBOL_CNT.ind
• PA Layer generates this primitive every time it transmits 1024 symbols between between HoB
and EoB
– M-LANE-AdaptStart
– M-LANE-AdaptComplete
– M-LANE-MRXSaveState
– M-LANE-AdaptComplete
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MIPI UniPro Deprecated Functions in 1.80
• T-MPI: T-MPI avoids excessive pin-counts by utilizing high-speed SERDES
technologies found in modern FPGAs.
• LCC: LINE Control Command (LCC)
• Basic Optical Media Converters are supported as optional
• Advanced Optical Media Converters are not supported as options.
– UniPro does not mandate the implementation of the M-PHY state LINE-CFG, nor
does UniPro make use of the LINE-CFG state, should it be part of the M-PHY
implementation.
• UniPro specification Version 1.80 gives up backward compatibility to
UniPro Versions v1.41.00 and earlier. Specifically due to deprecation of
LCC
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UFS
• General Features
– Target performance
– High speed GEARs
• Support for GEAR1 is mandatory
• Support for GEAR3 is optional
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UFS Data Rates and Clock considerations
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UFS HS Burst
• UFS HS Burst
– A UFS device shall support the HS-GEAR1, HS-GEAR2 and the HS-GEAR4.
– Support for HS-GEAR3 is optional.
• This violates the M-PHY spec which states that all lower gears must be supported.
– SUBLINKS in a LINK may communicate with different HS-GEAR or PWM-GEAR.
• HS Prepare Length Control
– The TX_HS_PREPARE_LENGTH M-PHY configuration attribute defines the time to move from STALL to HS-BURST.
At reset, M-TX sets TX_HS_PREPARE_LENGTH = 15.
• HS Sync Length Control
– The TX_HS_SYNC_LENGTH M-PHY configuration attribute defines the number of synchronization symbols before
a HS Burst.
– In the UFS interface the synchronization sequence shall be generated by the M-TX.
– Support for protocol controlled synchronization is optional.
– M-TX starts at reset with TX_HS_SYNC_LENGTH = 15, in COARSE type.
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• PWM Burst
• A UFS device shall support the PWM-G1 (default, mandated by [M-PHY]), PWM-G2, PWM-G3
and PWM-G4 GEARS.
• The PWM-G5, PWM-G6 and PWM-G7 are optional.
– Even if the physical layer supports PWM-G0, this gear can not be used because it is not supported by UniPro
• The PWM-G1 is the active gear by default after power up or reset.
• SUBLINKS in a LINK may communicate with different PWM-GEAR or HS-GEAR.
• LS Prepare Length Control
• The TX_LS_PREPARE_LENGTH M-PHY configuration attribute defines the time to move from
SLEEP to PWM-BURST.
• At reset, M-TX sets TX_LS_PREPARE_LENGTH = 10.
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MIPI DevCon Bangalore 2017: MIPI M-PHY Gear4 and Its Impact on UniPort/UFS

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MIPI DevCon Bangalore 2017: MIPI M-PHY Gear4 and Its Impact on UniPort/UFS

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