MNcompostppt
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The document provides information about small scale composting on 1 acre or less. It introduces Mike Nevin, the compost facilitator at Foodshare Toronto, and his experience with composting. It then covers the 5 key factors for composting: feedstocks and inputs, bulking agents, air, moisture, and time & labor. For each factor, it discusses what they are and why they are important for effective composting.
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The Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) collaborate closely to produce the globally recognized TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. Therefore, when discussing the "9th edition of UICC head and neck staging," it's largely in alignment with the updates introduced by the AJCC's Version 9. The UICC's TNM Core Committee finalized the 9th edition of the TNM Classification, with publication anticipated in August 2025.
The key updates for head and neck cancers in the 9th edition (or Version 9) reflect an ongoing effort to improve prognostic accuracy and align staging with contemporary clinical understanding and treatment outcomes. Here are the significant changes, particularly those relevant to head and neck:
* Emphasis on Personalized Care and Prognostic Refinements: The 9th edition reflects a greater focus on personalized care, incorporating refinements that aim to better predict patient outcomes.
* Revised Criteria for Specific Head and Neck Cancers:
* Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC): This site has seen substantial revisions, as highlighted in the previous response on AJCC updates. Key changes include:
* More precise definition of T3 disease (unequivocal evidence of bone involvement).
* Introduction of advanced radiologic extranodal extension (ENE) as an N3 criterion. This acknowledges the prognostic impact of ENE seen on imaging.
* Subclassification of M1 disease into M1a (3 or fewer metastatic lesions) and M1b (more than 3 lesions) to better stratify prognosis in metastatic settings.
* Redefined Stage Groups for NPC, with T1-2N0-1 now often falling into Stage I, and Stage IV being exclusively for metastatic disease, further subdivided by the M1a/M1b categories.
* Salivary Gland Cancers: Revised criteria based on updated imaging and anatomical features are being incorporated.
* HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancers: New staging is introduced for HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers to better reflect their distinct biological behavior and prognosis, which is generally more favorable than HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancers. This often involves specific considerations for nodal burden.
* Integration of Imaging and Anatomical Features: The updates are grounded in recent evidence, incorporating insights from advanced imaging techniques and a deeper understanding of anatomical spread.
* International Collaboration: These updates are the result of collaborative efforts between the AJCC and UICC, involving input from cancer registries, clinical outcomes data, and disease-specific experts worldwide. The goal is to provide a unified and globally applicable staging system.
* Dynamic Update Process: Similar to the AJCC's shift from "Editions" to "Versions" for specific sites, the UICC is also exploring more flexible ways to share future TNM updates.
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Definition of Teaching:
¡°Teaching is a form of interpersonal influence aim at changing the behavior potential of another person¡±.
Nature and Characteristics of Teaching:
? Teaching is giving information.
? Teaching is causing to learn.
? Teaching is a matter of helping the child to respond to his environment in an effective manner.
? Teaching is helping a child to adjust himself to his environment.
? Teaching is stimulation and encouragement.
? Teaching is guidance.
? Teaching is Training the emotions of the child.
? Teaching is a mean of preparation.
? Teaching is an art and science.
General Theory of Teaching:
The General Theory of Teaching, also known as the "Theory of Teaching" or "General Theory of Instruction," is a comprehensive framework that outlines the fundamental principles and processes of teaching.
Benefits of the General Theory of Teaching:
? Improved Student Learning
? Increased Teacher Efficacy
? Enhanced Teacher Professional Development
? Better Student Engagement
CONCLUSION
? Teaching theory is prescriptive.
? Teachers and pupils are the major variables of teaching theory.
? It is narrow and specific.
? It is based upon learning theory, learning conditions and learning components.
? While learning theory are formulated by conducting experiments on animals teaching theory is developed by dealing with human subjects in normal situations.
? It is concerned with effective learning and development of pupils.
Learning is a complex and multifaceted process that involves the acquisition, processing, and retention of knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
The relatively permanent change in a person's knowledge or behavior due to experience.
Characteristics of Learning:
? Learning is Growth.
? Learning is adjustment.
? Learning is purposeful.
? Learning is intelligent.
? Learning is active.
? Learning is both individual and social.
? Learning is the product of the environment.
? Learning is experience.
Learning Theory: Learning theory refers to the body of knowledge that explains how people learn and acquire new knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
Types of Teaching Theory:
1.Formal Theory of Teaching
? Meutic Theory of teaching.
? Communication theory of teaching.
? Moulding theory of teaching.
? The mutual enquiry theory.
2.Descriptive theory of teaching
? Theories of instruction
? Prescriptive theory of teaching
3.Normative theory of teaching
? Cognitive theory of teaching
? Theory of teacher behaviour
? Psychological theory of teaching
? General theory of teaching
FORMAL THEORY OF TEACHING
Formal theory of teaching is also known as philosophical theory. The theory which is based upon certain logic, certain metaphysical, epistemological assumptions and propositions is known as formal theory of teaching.
1.Meutic Theory of Teaching:
? This theory conceives that teaching process helps to recollect or unfold that knowledge with questioning techniques.
? The Socratic¡¯s method is an essential for this theory.
? The heredity plays an importDRUGS USED IN UTI OR URINARY ANTISEPTICS
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drugs used in Urinary Tract InfectionsFiltration Factories : Anatomy and Physiology of Renal system
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This in-depth PowerPoint presentation provides a comprehensive and essential guide to the human urinary system, specifically tailored for nursing students. Designed to simplify complex concepts and enhance learning, this PPT covers all critical aspects of urinary anatomy and physiology.
Key topics meticulously explored include:
Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of the Urinary System: Detailed examination of the kidneys (cortex, medulla, nephrons, renal pyramids, calyces, renal pelvis), ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. High-quality anatomical diagrams and histological images are integrated to facilitate visual learning.
Physiology of Urine Formation: A step-by-step breakdown of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption (proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct), and tubular secretion. Emphasis is placed on the roles of various hormones (ADH, aldosterone, ANP, parathyroid hormone) and their impact on fluid and electrolyte balance. Understanding the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) and its role in blood pressure regulation is also a key focus.
Regulation of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Exploration of the body's mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis, including the roles of the kidneys in regulating water balance, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate, and acid-base balance (bicarbonate buffer system).
Evolution of Diagnostic and Treatment Options in ATTR Cardiac Amyloidosis
Evolution of Diagnostic and Treatment Options in ATTR Cardiac AmyloidosisDuke Heart
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Duke University5-Lift Analysis in ergonomics focuses on evaluating the safety and efficienc...
5-Lift Analysis in ergonomics focuses on evaluating the safety and efficienc...Bolan University of Medical and Health Sciences ,Quetta
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Lift Analysis in ergonomics focuses on evaluating the safety and efficiency of manual lifting tasks in the workplace. It involves assessing the physical demands placed on the human body during lifting activities to prevent musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), particularly lower back injuriesDrugs Acting on the Autonomic Nervous System ¨C Classification, Properties & Uses
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This presentation offers a comprehensive overview of drugs acting on the autonomic nervous system (ANS), including sympathomimetic, sympatholytic, parasympathomimetic, and anticholinergic agents. It explains the classification, mechanism of action, properties, formulation, brand names, and clinical uses of key drugs like adrenaline, dopamine, propranolol, atropine, and pilocarpine. Ideal for students and professionals in pharmacy, medicine, and healthcare.Treatment for HFpEF: Current State of the Art and Ongoing Trials
Treatment for HFpEF: Current State of the Art and Ongoing TrialsDuke Heart
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This part deals with the Inferential Statistics.
Basic Terminologies.
Parametric Test.
T-test
paired & unpaired T -test
Z test5-Lift Analysis in ergonomics focuses on evaluating the safety and efficienc...
5-Lift Analysis in ergonomics focuses on evaluating the safety and efficienc...Bolan University of Medical and Health Sciences ,Quetta
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Ad
MNcompostppt
- 1. SMALL SCALE COMPOSTING ON 1 ACRE OR LESS Mike Nevin Composting Animator at Foodshare Toronto
- 2. A LITTLE BIT ABOUT MIKE... MIKE¡¯S FOOD SHARE TITLE IS COMPOST FACILITATOR WHICH MEANS HE IS SUPPOSED TO MAKE SURE THE COMPOSTING OF FOOD SCRAPS HAPPENS. MANY ARE SURPRISED TO LEARN THAT THE "P" IN HIS NAME STANDS FOR "ANYONE-CAN-LEARN-TO-COMPOST". AS HE USED TO SAY IN CRIMINOLOGY CLASS; "IT IS NOT RACKET SCIENCE." HE IS HAPPY TO TEACH ANYONE HOW. AS LONG AS HE REMEMBERS, HE WAS INTERESTED IN WASTE REDUCTION AND WASTE ISSUES SO GETTING INTO COMPOSTING WAS NO STRETCH. LIVING AT BAIN CO-OP, HE WAS ABLE TO RUN SEVERAL THREE-BIN COMPOSTERS AND, HENCE, LEARN HOW TO PROBLEM SOLVE WITH COMPOST. HE HAS BEEN COMPOSTING AT BAIN FOR 20+ YEARS. HE IS ALWAYS LEARNING AS MUCH AS HE CAN ABOUT SOILS AND SUSTAINABLE GARDENING. AT FOOD SHARE, MIKE AND VOLUNTEERS COMPOST UPWARDS OF TWO TONS PER MONTH OF FOOD SCRAPS AND FEED FS GARDENS AS WELL AS OTHER GARDENS WITH THE FINISHED COMPOST.
- 3. B EGIN WITH THE END IN MIND ... COMPOST YOUR WASTE > BUILD YOUR SOIL WITH ORGANIC MATTER > INCREASE PRODUCTION OF HEALTHY FOOD
- 4. HEALTHY SOIL > HARNESSES THE (FREE) ENERGY OF THE SUN HEALTHY PLANTS > CAN TAKE CARE OF THEMSELVES HEALTHY PEOPLE > GOOD NUTRITION IS THE BASIS OF GOOD HEALTH
- 5. ?
- 6. THE 5 FACTORS FEEDSTOCK AND INPUTS BULKING AGENTS AIR MOISTURE TIME & LABOUR
- 7. FACTOR 1: FEEDSTOCK AND INPUTS DEFINITION OF INPUTS ¡° CHOP, MIX AND BURY¡±
- 8. PLASTICS 101 THE ¡°BIODRADEABLE VS. COMPOSTABLE¡± DEBATE
- 9. FACTOR 2: BULKING AGENTS WHY DO YOU NEED BULKING AGENTS? ADDS CARBON SOAKS UP MOISTURE IMPROVES AREATION PROS & CONS FOR DIFFERENT MATERIALS (WOOD SHAVING, WOOD CHIPS, SAWDUST, CORROGATED CARDBOARD, NEWSPAPER, OFFICE PAPER, EGG CARTONS, PAPER BAGS, PAPER TOWELS, LEAVES, TREE BARK, ETC)
- 10. C:N RATIOS FOR HOT COMPOSTING TO WORK WELL, YOU NEED A BALANCE OF GREENS (NITROGEN) & BROWNS (CARBON) Photo credit : How to Make and Use Compost: The Ultimate Guide
- 11. A C:N BALANCED, FRESHLY-LOADED BIN
- 12. FACTOR 3: AIR AEROBIC VS ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING COMPOSTING IS LIKE SLOW COMBUSTION BIN SIZE INFLUENCES HEAT RETENTION IF BIN IS TOO BIG, YOU NEED MORE TURNING OR OTHER METHOD AERATION TO GET OXYGEN IN THERE. IF BIN IS TOO SMALL, IT¡¯S ALL SURFACE, NO VOLUME. HEAT IS LOST THROUGH THE SURFACE HEAT IS GENERATED THROUGH THE VOLUME
- 15. PROS AND CONS OF MID-SCALE COMPOSTER TYPES
- 16. PHOTOSNYTHESIS EQUATION WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE + ENERGY FROM SUNLIGHT = OXYGEN + SUGARS (WHICH ARE SOURCES OF ENERGY AND BUILDING BLOCKS OF PLANT STRUCTURE) RESPIRATION EQUATION SUGARS + OXYGEN = CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER + ENERGY (WHICH SHOWS UP IN COMPOST PILE AS HEAT)
- 17. FACTOR 4: MOISTURE IDEAL: NOT TOO WET, NOT TOO DRY WHY IS MOISTURE ESSENTIAL? BACTERIA NEED LIQUID MEDIUM TO LIVE AND PROSPER IN MICROBIOLOGY & WORMS DON¡¯T HAVE LUNGS, THEY NEED A MEDIUM TO EXCHANGE GASES AND NUTRIENTS TOO DRY > BACTERIA SHUT DOWN TOO WET > GOES ANAEROBIC, BAD SMELL
- 18. FACTOR 5: TIME & LABOUR Passive monitoring > managing waste... ¡° it¡¯ll happen when it happens¡± Active monitoring > growing your own soil... where you¡¯re dealing with a constant supply of scraps, minimize the amount of organic waste to green bin, maximizing how much compost your produce.
- 19. COMMON PROBLEMS & REMEDIES TOO WET TOO DRY NO HEAT TOO MUCH HEAT BAD SMELL ANTS FLIES OTHER PESTS
- 20. RESOURCES THE ECOLOGICAL GROWERS OF ONTARIO NATIONAL FARMERS UNION THE COMPOSTING COUNCIL OF CANADA THE RODALE BOOK OF COMPOSTING NEW YORK CITY WASTE MANAGEMENT SITE COMPOST BREAKDOWN: A GUIDE TO MID-SIZED COMPOSTING SUCCESS BIOCYCLES MAGAZINE
- 21. OVERVIEW OF YOUR SYSTEM 17 ACTIVE BINS 5 RESTING BINS (FILLED WITH READY-TO- SCREEN COMPOST) 2 BIG BINS FOR STORAGE OF FINISHED COMPOST 2 BIG BARRELS FOR ¡°OVERS¡± BARRELS FOR COLLECTING WATER SHED FOR STOCKPILING FOOD WHEN NO BIN IS OPEN
- 22. SCREENING PROCESS 1. LOAD UP 2. SCREENED COMPOST PASSES THROUGH MESH 3. LEFT ¡°OVERS¡± IN THE BASKET BECOME ¡°STARTER¡± FOR A NEW BIN
- 23. FINISHED COMPOST
- 24. CHEMICAL DECOMPOSERS (BACTERIA AND FUNGI) AND PHYSICAL DECOMPOSERS ( MITES, NEMOTODES, SPRINGTAILS, RED WORDS, SOW BUGS)
- 25. ?
- 26. ?