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Modal verbs

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Gabriel Wanderley
Gabriel Wanderley

The document discusses the uses of several English modal verbs: 1. May is used to express probability, permission (formal/polite), and possibility. 2. Can is used to express ability, permission (informal), and possibility. 3. Must is used to express obligation, deduction, and necessity. It is only used in the present tense; have to is used for past and future. 4. Should and ought to are used to give advice or express recommendation or moral obligation. Should is used in interrogative and negative sentences.

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M u st Cou l d Should an to Ma C ht y O ug
May –used for probability and permission Present Sue may/is allowed to come with us every weekend. Past Catherine might/was allowed to stay on our farm last year. Futuro She may /will be allowed to come with us tomorrow.
Can-used for ability Deb can /is able to play tennis. Roger could/was able to play tennis better six years ago. Dan’s son will be able to play tennis much better than his father when he grows up.
May-permission(formal),probability and possibility • She may be right. • May she be right? • She may not be right. May I come in?
Can permission(informal),ability,possibility They can dance very well. You can’t smoke here. He can be a doctor,he is wearing white clothes.
Must -obligation,deduction,necessity  used in the present tense only.  We use have to to make the past and future. You must recycle. Must I recycle? We mustn’t polute the air.
They must be travelling their car isn’t in the garage. She must lose weigh.
Must –have to  We use have to to make the past and future form. When I was a child I had to go to bed early. I will have to work hard next year, I’m planning to buy a new car. ATTENTION You don’t have to wear a uniform. You have to wear a uniform. You must wear a uniform You mustn’t wear a uniform.
Modal verbs
1. She should see a dentist. 2. She shouldn’t eat sweet. Sandy has got a toothache.
1. She should eat chicken soup. 2. She should stay in bed. Julia has got flu.
1. He should eat fruit and vegetables. 2. He should eat healthy food. Bill has got a stomachache .
1. He shouldn’t carry heavy things. 2. He should get a good rest. Bill has got a backache.
We should save water.
Should and ought to The verbs should and ought to are used for advice,recomendation or moral obligation.Although they are synonims we use should in interrogative and negative sentences.
Caracteristics  The modal verbs are used with other verbs in the infinitive without to.  Don’t need auxiliar verbs.  We don’t use them in the gerund(ing)  They are the same for all persons.
Dilma Conserva

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Modal verbs

  • 1. M u st Cou l d Should an to Ma C ht y O ug
  • 2. May –used for probability and permission Present Sue may/is allowed to come with us every weekend. Past Catherine might/was allowed to stay on our farm last year. Futuro She may /will be allowed to come with us tomorrow.
  • 3. Can-used for ability Deb can /is able to play tennis. Roger could/was able to play tennis better six years ago. Dan’s son will be able to play tennis much better than his father when he grows up.
  • 4. May-permission(formal),probability and possibility • She may be right. • May she be right? • She may not be right. May I come in?
  • 5. Can permission(informal),ability,possibility They can dance very well. You can’t smoke here. He can be a doctor,he is wearing white clothes.
  • 6. Must -obligation,deduction,necessity  used in the present tense only.  We use have to to make the past and future. You must recycle. Must I recycle? We mustn’t polute the air.
  • 7. They must be travelling their car isn’t in the garage. She must lose weigh.
  • 8. Must –have to  We use have to to make the past and future form. When I was a child I had to go to bed early. I will have to work hard next year, I’m planning to buy a new car. ATTENTION You don’t have to wear a uniform. You have to wear a uniform. You must wear a uniform You mustn’t wear a uniform.
  • 10. 1. She should see a dentist. 2. She shouldn’t eat sweet. Sandy has got a toothache.
  • 11. 1. She should eat chicken soup. 2. She should stay in bed. Julia has got flu.
  • 12. 1. He should eat fruit and vegetables. 2. He should eat healthy food. Bill has got a stomachache .
  • 13. 1. He shouldn’t carry heavy things. 2. He should get a good rest. Bill has got a backache.
  • 15. Should and ought to The verbs should and ought to are used for advice,recomendation or moral obligation.Although they are synonims we use should in interrogative and negative sentences.
  • 16. Caracteristics  The modal verbs are used with other verbs in the infinitive without to.  Don’t need auxiliar verbs.  We don’t use them in the gerund(ing)  They are the same for all persons.