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Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx

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The word Modernism in religion is an outlook, holding that modern scholarship and scientific advances require fundamental restatement of Modernists have new and distinctive features in their subjects, forms, concepts and style in their art;

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Modernism and stream of conciseness in English literature
MODERNIST WRITERS AND ARTISTS TAKE SEVERAL THINGS Industrialization Urban society War Technical change New philosophical ideas Feminism Identity crisis
MODERNISM ModernWesternliterature commencedfrom the 1890s. It is a newtrend in art and literature, in the Christian church, a movement or tendency that beganshortly before 1900 in an attemptto reconcile Christianitywithscience, especially Darwins theoryof evolution. The word Modernism in religion is an outlook, holding that modern scholarship and scientific advances require fundamental restatement of Modernists have new and distinctive features in their subjects, forms, concepts and style in their art; they had deliberately and radically broken away from some of the traditional aspects and they questioned the certainties that had supported traditional modes of conceiving literature.
THE STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS TECHNIQUE based on the psychological theories of William James, who first used the term in his Principles of Psychology (1890) and Sigmund Freud. perfected by James Joyce in his Ulysses (1922) and Finnegans Wake (1939), Virginia Woolfs To the Lighthouse (1927) and William Faulkners The Sound and the Fury (1929).
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MODERNISM AND REALISM? Modernism basically showed a society that was rebelling against tradition Modernism was rebelling against traditions of the realism generation while realism simply showed how society dealt with the normalities of life. Realism talked about the traditions of characters, how they lived, and what they dealt with.
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERNISM Individualism. In Modernist literature, the individual is more interesting than society. ... Experimentation. Modernist writers broke free of old forms and techniques. ... Absurdity. The carnage of two World Wars profoundly affected writers of the period. ... Symbolism. ... Formalism.
JAMES JOYCE FAMILY born in Rathgar, a suburb of Dublin, on 2 February 1882. the oldest surviving child of John Stanislaus Joyce and May (Murray) Joyce. John Joyce well-known in Dublin for his storytelling and conviviality, as well as for his ill- fated business plans. At the time of James birth, his family was fairly well-off, - having inherited a good deal of land - but John Joyces fortunes declined dramatically as James progressed through school.
JAMES JOYCE DUBLIN Throughout Joyces childhood, Dublin was the administrative centre of British rule in Ireland and had been so since the Act of Union between the two countries was passed in 1800. While Joyces early writings are characterized by his frustrations with the citys paralysis and insularity, he would later speak with fondness of its beauty, vivid history and deep hospitality. Joyce left Dublin in October 1904 with his future wife, Nora Barnacle. He returned only rarely, and for the last time in 1912.
JAMES JOYCE - SCHOOL At six, - sent to Clongowes Wood College, one of Irelands most exclusive schools, though after three years his family was unable to afford the costs. Subsequently - went to Belvedere College in Dublin. Both were, and still are, Jesuit schools, and Joyce acknowledged the influence of the Jesuits on his intellectual development. He then went to University College in Dublin, from which he graduated in 1902.
IBSEN AND EUROPEAN INFLUENCES While in college, Joyce became fascinated with the Norwegian playwright, Henrik Ibsen. He was inspired by Ibsens courageous honesty in representing modern middle-class life and learned Dano-Norwegian in order to read his plays in their original language. When he was eighteen years old (in 1890) he published a review of Ibsens play When We Dead Awaken in an important literary magazine. Ibsen himself read the review and sent Joyce a complimentary letter. This experience encouraged Joyce and affirmed his hopes to be a writer.
ULYSSES AS HERO Even as a young boy Joyce was fascinated by the ancient story of Odysseus, the Greek warrior who reluctantly fought in the Trojan War and then took ten years to return home. When, at the age of twelve, Joyce was asked to write about his favourite hero, he chose Odysseus, who triumphed through cunning and intelligence more than violence. As he was writing Ulysses (which is the Roman name for the same character), Joyce told friends that Odysseus was the most human and complete character in literature.
ULYSSES Ulysses begins on a warm morning in June, 1904, Buck Mulligan, a medical student, climbs to the top of the tower where he lives and begins to shave. He calls down to Stephen Dedalus to join him. The tower is a real place - now a Joyce museum. Joyce lived here for a few days in September 1904.
ULYSSES 16 JUNE 1904 In 1902, Joyce went to Paris to study medicine and to write, but he returned home in 1903, as his mother was dying of cancer. Ulysses is set on that day, 16 June 1904, as a tribute to a day on which his entire life changed. Ever since Ulysses was published, 16 June has been celebrated by readers all over the world as Bloomsday.
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx
WHY IS ULYSSES IMPORTANT? Many people have heard of it, but far fewer have actually read it because it has a reputation for being very difficult. It is an unusual book; Joyce experiments with the conventions of the traditional novel, and he asks his readers to work hard to figure out even some of the most basic details of plot and action. At its core, though, Ulysses is a book about the heroism of daily life. Some of the parts of the book that seem obscure are only so because we are not used to such familiar things being shown to us in such vivid and honest ways.
DUBLINERS Itsa collection of fourteenshort stories, was Joyces first bookof fiction. He began writingit in the summerof 1904 while he was still living in Dublinand continued workingon the book duringhis earlyyears in Pola, Rome and Trieste, finishing the last story, TheDead, in Triestein 1907. Because of its unflinchingportrayal of the darkersides of contemporarylife, Joyce had enormous difficultiesfinding a publisherwho would print it. One Dublinpublisher printed it in 1912, but immediately decided to destroyall the copieshe had made for fear of controversy. It waseventuallyprintedin London in 1914.
A PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS A YOUNG MAN The first version of this autobiographical work was called Stephen Hero and was begun in 1903. In 1907, during a brief stay in Rome, he decided to modify the book drastically, cutting out many early chapters and changing the narrative style to reflect his growing interest in French symbolism and naturalism. The new version of the book was completed in 1915, but was not published until 1916. Harriet Shaw Weaver, who had published much of the book in her magazine The Egoist, had to have it printed in the United States because of the difficulties Joyce had publishing Dubliners.
Finnegans Wake Shortly after finishing Ulysses, Joyce began work on a new novel which he referred to only as Work in Progress. He kept the real title, Finnegans Wake, a secret for many years. It took Joyce seventeen years, from 1922-1939, to write Finnegans Wake. It is still considered one of the most radical and experimental works of literature ever written. Where Ulysses tells many stories of a single day, Finnegans Wake is a book of the night, and uses uses the logic of dreams to tell the story of a family of Dubliners through dense layers of puns, drawing from many different languages, allusions and myths.
Virginia Woolf (1882-1941) a British novelist a distinguished feminist essayist, critic, and a central figure of the Bloomsbury group. born on January 25, 1882 in London, as the daughter of Julia Jackson Duckworth, and Leslie Stephen, a literary critic and the founder of the Dictionary of National Biography. educated at home by her father and grew up at the family home at Hyde Park Gate. mother died when she was in her early teens. Stella Duckworth, her half sister, took her mother's place, but died two years later. father, suffered a slow death from cancer.
brother Toby died in 1906 - a prolonged mental breakdown, the first of many that would mark her life. Following the death of her father in 1904, In 1912 she married the political theorist Leonard Woolf and published her first book - The Voyage Out in 1915. In 1919 appeared Night And Day, a realistic novel set in London, contrasting the lives of two friends, Katherine and Mary. Jacob's Room (1922) was based upon the life and death of her brother Toby.
With To the Lighthouse (1927) and The Waves (1931), Virginia established herself as one of the leading writers of modernism. In these works Virginia developed innovative literary techniques in order to reveal women's experience and find an alternative to the male dominated views of reality. Mrs. Dalloway (1925) is formed of a giant web of thoughts of several groups of people during the course of a single day.
After her final attack of mental illness Virginia loaded her pockets with stones and drowned herself in the River Ouse near her Sussex home on March 28, 1941.
Katherine Mansfield a prominent New Zealand modernist writer of short fiction. born Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp on 14 October 1888 in Wellington, New Zealand, into a socially prominent family. Her father, Harold Beauchamp - a successful businessman moved to London in 1903 and attended Queen's College along with her sisters. In 1908 - studied typing and bookkeeping at Wellington Technical College and began writing short stories
Katherine Mansfield a group of stories that rank with her best work: Miss Brill, The Stranger and The Daughters of the Late Colonel Her First Ball, The Garden Party and The Dolls House
Richard Aldington (1892 1962), born Edward Godfree Aldington, - an English writer and poet, and an early associate of the Imagist movement. married to the poet Hilda Doolittle (H. D.) from 1911 to 1938. sent to the front in December 1916 Death of a Hero (1929) - Aldington's semi- autobiographical response to the war, started almost immediately that the armistice was declared. He called it a "jazz novel", which condemned Victorian materialism as a cause of the tragedy and waste of the war
Polish-born English novelist Joseph Conrad (1857-1924) one of the great modern writers of England His novels reflect his concerns with the complex individual, and how sympathy and imagination can blur clear judgmentwhich is essential to life. The character development in Conrad's books is engaging and powerful.
His early novels included An Outcast of the Islands (1896), The Nigger of the "Narcissus" (1897), The Heart of Darkness (1899), and LordJim(1900).
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx
Conrad's last novels, The Shadow Line (1917) and The Rover (1923), were written as a farewell, received many honors. In 1923 visited the United States to great fanfare. The year after, declined an offer of knighthood in England. On August 3, 1924, died of a heart attack and was buried at Canterbury, England. His gravestone bears these lines from Edmund Spenser (15521599): "Sleep after toyle, port after stormie seas,/ Ease after warre, death after life, does greatly please."
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx
Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx

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Modernism and stream of conciseness in the works.pptx

  • 1. Modernism and stream of conciseness in English literature
  • 2. MODERNIST WRITERS AND ARTISTS TAKE SEVERAL THINGS Industrialization Urban society War Technical change New philosophical ideas Feminism Identity crisis
  • 3. MODERNISM ModernWesternliterature commencedfrom the 1890s. It is a newtrend in art and literature, in the Christian church, a movement or tendency that beganshortly before 1900 in an attemptto reconcile Christianitywithscience, especially Darwins theoryof evolution. The word Modernism in religion is an outlook, holding that modern scholarship and scientific advances require fundamental restatement of Modernists have new and distinctive features in their subjects, forms, concepts and style in their art; they had deliberately and radically broken away from some of the traditional aspects and they questioned the certainties that had supported traditional modes of conceiving literature.
  • 4. THE STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS TECHNIQUE based on the psychological theories of William James, who first used the term in his Principles of Psychology (1890) and Sigmund Freud. perfected by James Joyce in his Ulysses (1922) and Finnegans Wake (1939), Virginia Woolfs To the Lighthouse (1927) and William Faulkners The Sound and the Fury (1929).
  • 5. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MODERNISM AND REALISM? Modernism basically showed a society that was rebelling against tradition Modernism was rebelling against traditions of the realism generation while realism simply showed how society dealt with the normalities of life. Realism talked about the traditions of characters, how they lived, and what they dealt with.
  • 6. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERNISM Individualism. In Modernist literature, the individual is more interesting than society. ... Experimentation. Modernist writers broke free of old forms and techniques. ... Absurdity. The carnage of two World Wars profoundly affected writers of the period. ... Symbolism. ... Formalism.
  • 7. JAMES JOYCE FAMILY born in Rathgar, a suburb of Dublin, on 2 February 1882. the oldest surviving child of John Stanislaus Joyce and May (Murray) Joyce. John Joyce well-known in Dublin for his storytelling and conviviality, as well as for his ill- fated business plans. At the time of James birth, his family was fairly well-off, - having inherited a good deal of land - but John Joyces fortunes declined dramatically as James progressed through school.
  • 8. JAMES JOYCE DUBLIN Throughout Joyces childhood, Dublin was the administrative centre of British rule in Ireland and had been so since the Act of Union between the two countries was passed in 1800. While Joyces early writings are characterized by his frustrations with the citys paralysis and insularity, he would later speak with fondness of its beauty, vivid history and deep hospitality. Joyce left Dublin in October 1904 with his future wife, Nora Barnacle. He returned only rarely, and for the last time in 1912.
  • 9. JAMES JOYCE - SCHOOL At six, - sent to Clongowes Wood College, one of Irelands most exclusive schools, though after three years his family was unable to afford the costs. Subsequently - went to Belvedere College in Dublin. Both were, and still are, Jesuit schools, and Joyce acknowledged the influence of the Jesuits on his intellectual development. He then went to University College in Dublin, from which he graduated in 1902.
  • 10. IBSEN AND EUROPEAN INFLUENCES While in college, Joyce became fascinated with the Norwegian playwright, Henrik Ibsen. He was inspired by Ibsens courageous honesty in representing modern middle-class life and learned Dano-Norwegian in order to read his plays in their original language. When he was eighteen years old (in 1890) he published a review of Ibsens play When We Dead Awaken in an important literary magazine. Ibsen himself read the review and sent Joyce a complimentary letter. This experience encouraged Joyce and affirmed his hopes to be a writer.
  • 11. ULYSSES AS HERO Even as a young boy Joyce was fascinated by the ancient story of Odysseus, the Greek warrior who reluctantly fought in the Trojan War and then took ten years to return home. When, at the age of twelve, Joyce was asked to write about his favourite hero, he chose Odysseus, who triumphed through cunning and intelligence more than violence. As he was writing Ulysses (which is the Roman name for the same character), Joyce told friends that Odysseus was the most human and complete character in literature.
  • 12. ULYSSES Ulysses begins on a warm morning in June, 1904, Buck Mulligan, a medical student, climbs to the top of the tower where he lives and begins to shave. He calls down to Stephen Dedalus to join him. The tower is a real place - now a Joyce museum. Joyce lived here for a few days in September 1904.
  • 13. ULYSSES 16 JUNE 1904 In 1902, Joyce went to Paris to study medicine and to write, but he returned home in 1903, as his mother was dying of cancer. Ulysses is set on that day, 16 June 1904, as a tribute to a day on which his entire life changed. Ever since Ulysses was published, 16 June has been celebrated by readers all over the world as Bloomsday.
  • 15. WHY IS ULYSSES IMPORTANT? Many people have heard of it, but far fewer have actually read it because it has a reputation for being very difficult. It is an unusual book; Joyce experiments with the conventions of the traditional novel, and he asks his readers to work hard to figure out even some of the most basic details of plot and action. At its core, though, Ulysses is a book about the heroism of daily life. Some of the parts of the book that seem obscure are only so because we are not used to such familiar things being shown to us in such vivid and honest ways.
  • 16. DUBLINERS Itsa collection of fourteenshort stories, was Joyces first bookof fiction. He began writingit in the summerof 1904 while he was still living in Dublinand continued workingon the book duringhis earlyyears in Pola, Rome and Trieste, finishing the last story, TheDead, in Triestein 1907. Because of its unflinchingportrayal of the darkersides of contemporarylife, Joyce had enormous difficultiesfinding a publisherwho would print it. One Dublinpublisher printed it in 1912, but immediately decided to destroyall the copieshe had made for fear of controversy. It waseventuallyprintedin London in 1914.
  • 17. A PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS A YOUNG MAN The first version of this autobiographical work was called Stephen Hero and was begun in 1903. In 1907, during a brief stay in Rome, he decided to modify the book drastically, cutting out many early chapters and changing the narrative style to reflect his growing interest in French symbolism and naturalism. The new version of the book was completed in 1915, but was not published until 1916. Harriet Shaw Weaver, who had published much of the book in her magazine The Egoist, had to have it printed in the United States because of the difficulties Joyce had publishing Dubliners.
  • 18. Finnegans Wake Shortly after finishing Ulysses, Joyce began work on a new novel which he referred to only as Work in Progress. He kept the real title, Finnegans Wake, a secret for many years. It took Joyce seventeen years, from 1922-1939, to write Finnegans Wake. It is still considered one of the most radical and experimental works of literature ever written. Where Ulysses tells many stories of a single day, Finnegans Wake is a book of the night, and uses uses the logic of dreams to tell the story of a family of Dubliners through dense layers of puns, drawing from many different languages, allusions and myths.
  • 19. Virginia Woolf (1882-1941) a British novelist a distinguished feminist essayist, critic, and a central figure of the Bloomsbury group. born on January 25, 1882 in London, as the daughter of Julia Jackson Duckworth, and Leslie Stephen, a literary critic and the founder of the Dictionary of National Biography. educated at home by her father and grew up at the family home at Hyde Park Gate. mother died when she was in her early teens. Stella Duckworth, her half sister, took her mother's place, but died two years later. father, suffered a slow death from cancer.
  • 20. brother Toby died in 1906 - a prolonged mental breakdown, the first of many that would mark her life. Following the death of her father in 1904, In 1912 she married the political theorist Leonard Woolf and published her first book - The Voyage Out in 1915. In 1919 appeared Night And Day, a realistic novel set in London, contrasting the lives of two friends, Katherine and Mary. Jacob's Room (1922) was based upon the life and death of her brother Toby.
  • 21. With To the Lighthouse (1927) and The Waves (1931), Virginia established herself as one of the leading writers of modernism. In these works Virginia developed innovative literary techniques in order to reveal women's experience and find an alternative to the male dominated views of reality. Mrs. Dalloway (1925) is formed of a giant web of thoughts of several groups of people during the course of a single day.
  • 22. After her final attack of mental illness Virginia loaded her pockets with stones and drowned herself in the River Ouse near her Sussex home on March 28, 1941.
  • 23. Katherine Mansfield a prominent New Zealand modernist writer of short fiction. born Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp on 14 October 1888 in Wellington, New Zealand, into a socially prominent family. Her father, Harold Beauchamp - a successful businessman moved to London in 1903 and attended Queen's College along with her sisters. In 1908 - studied typing and bookkeeping at Wellington Technical College and began writing short stories
  • 24. Katherine Mansfield a group of stories that rank with her best work: Miss Brill, The Stranger and The Daughters of the Late Colonel Her First Ball, The Garden Party and The Dolls House
  • 25. Richard Aldington (1892 1962), born Edward Godfree Aldington, - an English writer and poet, and an early associate of the Imagist movement. married to the poet Hilda Doolittle (H. D.) from 1911 to 1938. sent to the front in December 1916 Death of a Hero (1929) - Aldington's semi- autobiographical response to the war, started almost immediately that the armistice was declared. He called it a "jazz novel", which condemned Victorian materialism as a cause of the tragedy and waste of the war
  • 26. Polish-born English novelist Joseph Conrad (1857-1924) one of the great modern writers of England His novels reflect his concerns with the complex individual, and how sympathy and imagination can blur clear judgmentwhich is essential to life. The character development in Conrad's books is engaging and powerful.
  • 27. His early novels included An Outcast of the Islands (1896), The Nigger of the "Narcissus" (1897), The Heart of Darkness (1899), and LordJim(1900).
  • 30. Conrad's last novels, The Shadow Line (1917) and The Rover (1923), were written as a farewell, received many honors. In 1923 visited the United States to great fanfare. The year after, declined an offer of knighthood in England. On August 3, 1924, died of a heart attack and was buried at Canterbury, England. His gravestone bears these lines from Edmund Spenser (15521599): "Sleep after toyle, port after stormie seas,/ Ease after warre, death after life, does greatly please."