Modernism refers to an artistic style where the artist portrays the world through their own subjective perspective rather than aiming for realism. It began in the late 19th century but became prominent after World War I. Modernist writers often used stream-of-consciousness style, getting inside a character's mind, and experimented with narrative forms to change how stories are told. Some major works of Modernist fiction include The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway, and As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner.