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Electronic Security system in Modern Libraries

VUPPALA. LINGAIAH
MA. M Phil., PGDLAN (P h D.)

Research scholar &

CHIEF LIBRARIAN

K G REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, HYDERABAD

lingaiahphd@gmail.com ,lingaiahlib@yahoo.co.in www.kgr.ac.in mob:09985554351

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Electronic Security system in Modern Libraries

VUPPALA. LINGAIAH

MA. M Phil., PGDLAN (P h D.)

Research scholar &

CHIEF LIBRARIAN

K G REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, HYDERABAD

lingaiahphd@gmail.com ,lingaiahlib@yahoo.co.in www.kgr.ac.in mob:09985554351

ABSTRACT
This Paper Discuss About The Application ,

Implementation Of Rfid Technology In Modern Libraries

., The Rfid Technology Is A Latest Technology Today

Most Of The Libraries Adopting To Rfid Technology For

Their Services Like Stock Management , Check In

Check Out Theft Controlling. The Modern Libraries Are

Using This Technology Iit , Iim S , Central Universities

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Repudiated Universities . The Rid Technology Playing

Vital Role in Academic Environment ., the rapid

advances in information processing , storage and

communication technologies have revolutionized thr

role of world wide libraries in disseminating

information services to their users .

KEY WORDS: Electronic Security, Rfid Technology

Introduction: RFID Technology is the Latest Technology to be used in

library for book identification, for self check out and for sorting and conveying of library

books and also for theft detection. The aim of using RFID Technology to increase the

efficiency, reduce data entry errors and free up staff to perform more value added

functions.

RFID is a combination of radio frequency based technology and micro chips in the tags

affixed to library materials is read using radio frequency technology regardless of item

orientation or alignment (i.e., the technology does not require line –of-sight or a fixed

plane to read tags as do traditional theft detentions systems) and distance fro the item is

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not a critical factor except in the case of extra wide exit gates. The corridors of the

building exit can be as wide as four feet because the tags can be read at a distance of up

to two feet by each of two parallel exit sensors

Rapid advances in information processing, storage and communication technologies have

revolutionized the role of world wide libraries in disseminating information services to

their users. libraries are facing new challenges ,new competitors, new demands ,new

expectations and a variety of information services for reconsolidating their positions

,redesigning their services, and information products ,incorporating new technologies

,upgrading information resources ,training people ,changing information objects modes

of communication and information delivery in order to add value to their services ,and to

satisfy the changing information needs of user community

The technology playing vital role in the libraries now a day theft controlling is very

challenging part in the library the academic libraries have huge collection in university

level

DEFINATIONS / origin OF RFID:

Radio frequency identification Is a generic term that is used to describe that transmit the

identity of an object of person wirelessly, using radio waves .it is grouped under the

broad category of automatic identification technologies.

RFID was introduced in the early 1980s for item tracking and access control applications.

Tracking of materials is done using radio frequency baed technology combined with

microchip technology, hence designated as RFID. These contact less and wireless

automatic identification data capturing systems are highly effective in hostile

environments such as , industry and logistics , textile and libraries ,where barcode labels

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cannot servive and need for inventory control and waste management . Owing to its

ability to track moving objects RFID has been established it self in livestock

identification and automated vechele identification systems. in recent times , its use has

raised to track books , audio / video tapes and other multimedia collection in a library .

After realizing the advantages of RFID technology libraries are considering it, the more

productive tool for flow man agent sooner than barcodes and other identification

technologies

History
RFID technology was first used in World War II to differentiate between friendly and

enemy aircraft. Over the years this technology has evolved and been applied to animal

tracking and identification, speed pass lanes on toll roads, building security access, and

for electronic payment processing at gas stations. The basic components of any RFID

system include:

• Tags—Also called transponders, these can be either active with their own means

of sending a signal, or passive, relying upon the tag reader to provide the power

necessary to generate the response signal. The signal could be a simple

identification number stored in a read-only tag or a complex data stream that

includes additional data stored within the tag's memory. These more complex tags

could contain such data items as manufacture date, lot number, serial number, or

even built-in sensors to track average storage temperatures or other data.

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• Readers—also called interrogators, come in various configurations depending on

the location, environment, and scanning area coverage required. A reader is used

to identify all tags within its reception coverage area. Readers require some

intelligence for aggregating and smoothing the tag data.

Information transmitted from the tag can be interpreted by reading the data directly from

the reader itself or through a software–based interface.

RFID tags can come in numerous forms with different capabilities including:

• Key fobs (active read/write)

• Bulk metal tags (use-once, passive read-only)

• Garment disks (reusable, active read-only)

• Smart Card credit-cards with RFID tags embedded for storing personal

information

• RFID nails that can be driven directly into palettes (passive read-only)

Today every RFID implementation is different, and all RFID solutions have to evaluate

various performances and cost factors including the operating environment, on-tag

memory storage, and signal transmission restrictions. Each of these issues has significant

cost impacts on both tags and readers. In addition, RFID solutions in the market today are

generally proprietary in nature and tags from one vendor cannot generally be read by a

reader from a different vendor. There are some limited RFID standards in place, but these

standards are not globally accepted and some even conflict with RFID standards in other

countries.

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Decades of RFID:

Decade Event

1940– Radar refined and used, major World War II development effort. RFID invented
1950 in 1948.

1950–
Early explorations of RFID technology, laboratory experiments.
1960

1960–
Development of the theory of RFID. Start of application field trials.
1970

1970– Explosion of RFID development. Tests of RFID accelerate. Very early adopter
1980 implementations of RFID.

1980–
Commercial applications of RFID enter mainstream.
1990

1990– Emergence of standards. RFID widely deployed. RFID becomes a part of
2000 everyday life.
a
The history of RFID, Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility, October
2001, http://www.aimglobal.org.

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R F I D in academic libraries:

Radio Frequency Identification is a technology that facilitates non line of sight

identification of items. Basic elements of a comprehensive RFID System for library kind

of environment are tags, readers & library management system

Implementing RFID system in libraries will aid tasks such as circulation, re – shelving &

theft detection, and it as several other important advantages.

It can either replace or supplement existing library bar code system. When the costs of

labor taken into consideration for tasks such as check out , check -in , inventory holds

,lists miss shelved items etc., RFID can prove to be very efficient when compared to

traditional bar codes .

The RFID Technology using academic Libraries in Hyderabad Central University,

Moulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad. And K G Reddy college of

Engineering & Technology Hyderabad. Academic institutions using this technology for

library services like house keeping operations theft controlling.

IMPLIMENTATION OF RFID IN LIBRARIES:

The RFID Management System in Libraries Can be implemented in following for ways

1. library Security System

2. Library circulation Counter

3. Self Check in and Check out

4. smart and quick inventory

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KEY COMPONETS OF RFID

Source: www.rfid-Library.com

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LIBRARY SECURITY SYSTEM:

The Library Security system through RFID can be ensured through Electronic Article

Surveillance (EAC) Gate, which is the anti- theft part of the RFID Library

management system using the same RFID tags embedded in the Library items . each

lane is able to track items of one meter or more would trigger the alarm system when

an unbar barrowed item passes through them .

The alarm will sound and lights on the gate will flash as patron passes through with

the library material. The EAS anti theft gate has option to trigger a Camera to record

patrons who trigger the alarm to the Surveillance Station. Theft detection is an

integral feature of the chip within the tag. It is a stand-alone technology, which

operates independently of the library databases.

Security Gate Theft Control

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RFID Circulation Counter:

RFID Counter System is a staff assisted station mainly to help to support library

circulation functions such as issue, return, tagging, sorting of documents etc. The

Counter system is loaded with alarming and disalarming module, tagging module,

sorting module. The library circulation staff puts the library materials on the reader

and can view the information stored inside the tag and status of the EAS and perform

the transaction function accordingly. There are also provisions for auto issues and

return of library materials.

Self Check in and Check Out

The self-check out station is basically a computer with a normally touch screen, a

built in RFID reader and special software for personal identification and material

identification. During self-check out, the user first is asked to identify with a library

ID Card, a barcode card or his personal ID number (PIN). Then he/she is asked to

choose next action i.e check out of one or more books.

After choosing check out the next step which is to place the book in front of the

screen on the RFID reader and the display will show the book title and its ID number

which have been check out. After confirmation by the user the check out process is

finished and a receipt is printed showing which books have been borrowed and the

due date. The same time the RFID tag in the book is set on quite so that no alarm will

go off at the EAS gate. Thee process is same as in case return of books. But after

return the RFID tag is reset: if the books are taken through the gate, an alarm will

sound. The main benefit of the self check out/and c heck in system is increase in

library productivity

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Book Drop.

This is specifically meant for self-check in of library materials. The Book Drops can

be located anywhere, within or outside the library. This offers unprecedented

flexibility and convenience of returning library materials at anytime of the day even

when library is closed. In this process, the user inserts the library materials into the

book drop and the RFID reader captures the electronic signatures and sends backend

system for loan cancellation. The check in is acknowledged by beeping sound and

flashlight. The users” transaction record is updated immediately. The design of the

Book Drops is such that items cannot be retrieved back once deposited.

Smart and Quick Inventory

The smart and quick inventory system helps in locating and identifying library

materials on the shelves, which make the inventory tasks easy for library

professionals. It basically comprises a portable scanner and a base station. The

primary functions performed by this system are search for individual books requested,

inventory check of the whole library stock and stock rectification.

These functions are performed by sweeping the portable scanner across the spines of

the books on the shelves to gather information on them. In an inventory check

situation, this information is compared with the database and a discrepancy reported

is generated. In situation where search for a particular item is required the

information is first entered into the portable scanner of the base station. When a

mismatch item is found on the shelves a beep sound alerts the librarian. /

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Communication Flow, Protocols & Standards :

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REFERENCES / BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1 Finkenzeller, Klaus RFID Hand Book 2nd ed.

2 T Nagaseshulu applications of RFID Technology in Academic Libraries (management

of E resources in Academic libraries)

3 Cooney Elaine M, The complete review of RFID Cengage Publications

4., Dr. Dibyendu Paul : RFID Technology is the Revolution in Library automation

System :

5. www.rfid-Library.com

6. Vuppala Lingaiah, implementation of RFID technology in Libraries Project Report

submitted for Refresher Course on Library Automation & Digitization Conducted by

UGC – ASC JNT University Hyderabad

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