Nero blamed Christians for starting the great fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64 CE in order to divert blame from himself. He began persecuting Christians that summer, having many burned at the stake or thrown to wild animals. It is estimated that around 100,000 Christians died during Nero's persecution, accounting for 1/10 to 1/20 of Rome's population at the time. This was the first great persecution of Christians by the Roman Empire.