Network example
- 1. Network A巽脹klama : Bir topoloji verilecek ve bu topolojinin Subnettingi olu turulacakt脹r. ncelikle bir ka巽 tane temel bilgiye ufak bir ekilde de inece iz. zel IPV4 Adresler Bu adresler internete ba l脹 olmayan makinelerde ya da internet ba lant脹s脹n脹 proxy server ve ya NAT arac脹l脹 脹yla sa layan i巽 networkte bulunan makinelerde kullan脹l脹r. Yani bu adresler yerel alan a lar脹nda kullan脹lmak 端zere ayr脹lm脹 t脹r. 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0/8 - 10.0.0.0 maske 255.0.0.0) 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0/12 - 172.16.0.0 maske 255.240.0.0) 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0/16 - 192.168.0.0 maske 255.255.0.0) Subnet Mask : Bilgisayar脹n hangi a da oldu unu g旦sterir. Farkl脹 a daki bilgisayarlar birbirleri ile direkt bilgi al脹 veri inde bulunamazlar.( Subnet Masklar脹 farkl脹) Bu y端zden bilgi al脹 veri inde routerlar yani y旦nlendiriciler ile ileti im sa lan脹r. 1 1
- 2. Not : n = Hosbit Say脹s脹 2n = Toplam IP Say脹s脹 2n 2 = Kullanilabilir IP Say脹s脹 32 n = Network Say脹s脹 Networke dokunma hostbitler 0 Network ID Network bitlerine dokunma hostbitler 1 Broadcast Network bitleri 1 hostlar 0 Subnet Mask Olu an network say脹s脹 = 2 巽al脹nan bit say脹s脹 Uygulama 192.168.0.0 / A巽脹klama : 192.168.0.0/ bir IPli bir Network olu tural脹m. Bu networkte 3 tane router bulunsun. Default her router脹n 4 baca 脹 olur fakat daha fazla bacak say脹s脹 olan routerlarda olmaktad脹r bunu unutmamakta fayda var.2 2
- 3. Topoloji 192.168.0.0/ (8) Toplam IP : 512 (9) Toplam IP : 512 3 3 (4) Kullan脹labilir IP : 127 (5) Toplam IP :252 (1) Toplam IP : 15 (2) Kullan脹labilir IP : 12 (3) Kullan脹labilir IP : 31 (6) Kullan脹labilir IP : 1024 (7) Kullan脹labilir IP : 2
- 4. (1) Network : 2n = 15 n = 4 32 4 = 28 192.168.0.0 / 28 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.15 / 28 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 28 HostMax : 192.168.0.14 / 28 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.255.240 (2) Network : 2n - 2 = 12 n = 4 32 4 = 28 192.168.0.0 / 28 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.15 / 28 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 28 HostMax : 192.168.0.14 / 28 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.255.240 (3) Network : 2n - 2 = 31 n = 6 32 6 = 26 192.168.0.0 / 26 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.63 / 26 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 26 HostMax : 192.168.0.62 / 26 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.255.192 4 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 5. (4) Network : 2n - 2 = 127 n = 8 32 8 = 24 192.168.0.0 / 24 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.255 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 24 HostMax : 192.168.0.254 / 24 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.255.0 (5) Network : 2n = 252 n = 8 32 8 = 24 192.168.0.0 / 24 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.255 / 24 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 24 HostMax : 192.168.0.254 / 24 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.255.0 (6) Network : 2n - 2 = 1024 n = 11 32 11 = 21 192.168.0.0 / 21 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.7.255 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 21 HostMax : 192.168.7.254 / 21 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.248.0 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 6. (7) Network : 2n - 2 = 2 n = 2 32 2 = 30 192.168.0.0 / 30 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.3 / 30 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 30 HostMax : 192.168.0.2 / 30 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.255.252 (8) Network : 2n = 2 n = 1 32 1 = 31 192.168.0.0 / 31 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.1 / 31 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 31 HostMax : 192.168.0.0 / 31 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.255.0 (9) Network : 2n = 512 n = 9 32 9 = 23 192.168.0.0 / 23 Broadcast : 192 . 168 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.7.255 HostMin : 192.168.0.1 / 31 HostMax : 192.168.0.0 / 31 Subnet Mask : 255 . 255 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 255.255.254.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 7. rnek : 192.168.10.0 / 24 blo unu 16 farkl脹 network blo una b旦l端n端z. 2n = 16 n = 4 巽al脹nan bit say脹s脹 24 + 4 = 28 192.168.10.0 /28 ! 4 farkl脹 network olas脹l脹 脹 var rnek : 192.168.10.0 / 24 blo unu 2 farkl脹 network blo una b旦l端n端z. 2n = 2 n = 1 巽al脹nan bit say脹s脹 24 + 1 = 25 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.0 / 25 ! 2 farkl脹 network olas脹l脹 脹 var a = 1 i巽in 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.128.0 / 25 a = 0 i巽in 192 . 168 . 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.0.0 / 25 rnek : 192.168.10.0 / 24 blo unu 8 farkl脹 network blo una b旦l端n端z. 2n = 8 n = 3 巽al脹nan bit say脹s脹 ! 3 farkl脹 network olas脹l脹 脹 var 24 + 3 = 27 192.168.10.0 / 27 6 6 a / 1 0
- 8. rnek : 192.168.128.0 / 20 blo unu 2 farkl脹 network blo una b旦l端n端z. 2n = 2 n = 1 巽al脹nan bit say脹s脹 20 + 1 = 21 192 . 168 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 192.168.128.0 / 21 ! 2 farkl脹 network olas脹l脹 脹 var a = 1 i巽in 192.168.136.0 / 21 a = 0 i巽in 192.168.128.0 / 21 rnek : 12.22.128.34 / 12 blo unu 8 farkl脹 network blo una b旦l端n端z. 2n = 8 n = 3 巽al脹nan bit say脹s脹 12 + 3 = 15 12 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 7 /a / /a b c/