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New 1 - VEHICLE INSPECTION TEST.pptx

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The document provides guidance for conducting a vehicle inspection test, outlining parts that should be inspected both internally and externally. Internally, the inspector should check fluid levels, belts, brakes, gauges, wipers, lights and safety equipment. Externally, the steering, suspension, brakes and lights are inspected. The inspection includes operating checks of brakes, horn, heater and signals.

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This Section Covers Internal Inspection External Inspection VEHICLE INSPECTION TEST Section 11
During the Vehicle inspection, you must show that the vehicle is safe to drive. You will have to walk around the vehicle, name and point to/ touch each item and explain to the examiner what you are checking and why. Any vehicle that has components marked or labeled cannot be used for the Vehicle Inspection test. 11.1 All Vehicles Study the following vehicle parts for the type of vehicle you will be using during the CDL skills tests. You should be able to identify each part and tell the examiner what you are looking for or inspecting.
11.1.1 Engine Compartment (Engine Off) Leaks/Hoses Look for puddles on the ground. Look for dripping fluids on underside of engine and transmission. Inspect hoses for condition and leaks. Oil Level Check oil level when engine is off. Indicate where dipstick is located. Check that the oil level is within safe operating range. Level must be above refill mark. Coolant Level Looks at sight glass on radiator or coolant reservoir; adequate level will show in sight glass. If no sight glass is available, you must describe what s/he would look for after removing radiator cap.
Power Steering Fluid Checks the dipstick and sees where the fluid level is relative to the refill mark or checks sight glass. Level must be above refill mark. Engine Compartment Belts Check the following belts for snugness (1/2 to 3/4 inch play at center of belt), cracks, frays, loose fibers or signs of wear: Power steering belt. Water pump belt. Alternator belt. Air compressor belt. Note: If any of the components listed above are not belt driven, you must: Tell the examiner which component(s) are not belt driven. Make sure component(s) are operating properly, are not damaged or leaking, and are mounted securely.
Hydraulic Brakes Master Cylinder & Brake Fluid Checks that master cylinder is securely attached and not leaking Checks the level of brake fluid in the reservoir to ensure it is between the add and full marks Safe Start Place gearshift lever in neutral (or park, for automatic transmissions). Depress clutch before attempting to start the vehicle Start the vehicle and keep clutch depressed until engine reaches idling speed. Then release clutch slowly. 11.1.2 Cab Check/Engine Start Oil Pressure Gauge Make sure oil pressure gauge is working.
Check that pressure gauge shows increasing or normal oil pressure or that the warning light goes off. If equipped, oil temperature gauge should begin a gradual rise to the normal operating range. Temperature Gauge Make sure the temperature gauge is working. Temperature should begin to climb to the normal operating range or temperature light should be off. Air Gauge Check that the air gauge is working properly and that the air compressor builds the air pressure to governor cut-out at approximately 120-140 psi or as specified by manufacturer.
Ammeter/Voltmeter Check that gauges show alternator and/or generator is charging or that warning light is off. Mirrors and Windshield Mirrors should be clean and adjusted properly from the inside. Windshield should be clean with no illegal stickers, no obstructions, or damage to the glass. Emergency Equipment Check for spare electrical fuses. Check for three red reflective triangles and 6 fusees or 3 liquid burning flares. Check that the fire extinguisher is properly charged and securely mounted. Note: If the vehicle is not equipped with electrical fuses, you must mention this to the examiner.
Wipers/Washers Check that wiper arms and blades are secure, not damaged, and operate smoothly. If equipped, windshield washers must operate correctly. Lights/Reflectors/Reflector Tape Condition (Sides & Rear) Test that dash indicators work when corresponding lights are turned on: Left turn signal. Right turn signal. Four-way emergency flashers. High beam headlight. Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) indicator. Check that all external lights and reflective equipment are clean and functional and none or broken or missing. Light and reflector checks include verification of correct color: Clearance lights (red on rear, amber elsewhere). Headlights (high and low beams).
Taillights. Backing lights. Turn signals. Four-way flashers. Brake lights. Red reflectors (on rear) and amber reflectors (elsewhere). Reflector tape condition Note: Checks of brake, turn signal and four-way flasher functions must be done separately. Horn. Check that air horn and/or electric horn work. Heater/Defroster. Test that the heater and defroster work.
Parking Brake Check With air pressure built to governor cutout and the parking brake engaged (trailer brakes released on combination vehicles), check that the parking brake will hold vehicle by gently trying to pull forward with parking brake on. With air pressure built to governor cutout, the parking brake released and the trailer parking brake engaged (combination vehicles only), check that the trailer parking brake will hold vehicle by gently trying to pull forward with the trailer parking brake on. Hydraulic Brake Check Failure to perform both components of the hydraulic brake check will result in an automatic failure of the vehicle inspection test. 1. Pump the brake pedal three times, then hold it down for five seconds. The brake pedal should not move (depress) during the five seconds.
2. If equipped with a hydraulic brake reserve (back-up) system, with the key off, depress the brake pedal and listen for the sound of the reserve system electric motor. 3.Check that the warning buzzer or light is off. Air Brake Check (Air Brake Equipped Vehicles Only) Failure to perform all three components of the air brake check correctly will result in an automatic failure of the vehicle inspection test. Air brake safety devices vary. However, this procedure is designed to see that any safety device operates correctly as air pressure drops from normal to a low air condition. For safety purposes, in areas where an incline is present, you will use wheel chocks during the air brake check. The proper procedures for inspecting the air brake system are as follows:
the air brake check. The proper procedures for inspecting the air brake system are as follows: 1. With the air pressure built up to governor cutoff (120 140 psi), shut off the engine leaving the key in the on or battery charge position, chock your wheels if necessary, release the parking brake (all vehicles), and the tractor protection valve (combination vehicle) and fully apply the foot brake. Hold the foot brake for one minute. Check the air gauge to see if the air pressure drops more than three pounds in one minute (single vehicle) or four pounds in one minute (combination vehicle). 2. Begin fanning off the air pressure by rapidly applying and releasing the foot brake. Low air warning devices (buzzer, light, flag) should activate before air pressure drops below 55 psi or level specified by the manufacturer.
3.Continue to fan off the air pressure. At a range between 20 45 psi on a tractor-trailer combination vehicle (or level specified by the manufacturer), the tractor protection valve and parking brake valve should close (pop out). On other combination vehicle types and single vehicle types, the parking brake valve should close (pop out). Service Brake Check You will be required to check the application of air or hydraulic service brakes. This procedure is designed to determine that the brakes are working correctly and that the vehicle does not pull to one side or the other. Pull forward at 5 mph, apply the service brake and stop. Check to see that the vehicle does not pull to either side and that it stops when brake is applied. Safety Belt Check that the safety belt is securely mounted, adjusts, latches properly and is not ripped or frayed.
11.2 External Inspection (All Vehicles) 11.2.1 Steering Steering Box/Hoses Check that the steering box is securely mounted and not leaking. Look for any missing nuts and/or , bolts. Check for power steering fluid leaks or damage to power steering hoses. Steering Linkage See that connecting links, arms, and rods from the steering box to the wheel are not worn or cracked. Check that joints and sockets are not worn or loose and that there are no missing nuts, bolts, or cotter keys.
11.2.2 Suspension Springs/Air/Torque Look for missing, shifted, cracked, or broken leaf springs. Look for broken or distorted coil springs. If vehicle is equipped with torsion bars, torque arms, or other types of suspension components, check that they are not damaged and are mounted securely. Air ride suspension should be checked for damage and leaks. Mounts Look for cracked or broken spring hangers, missing or damaged bushings, and broken, loose, or missing bolts, u-bolts or other axle mounting parts. (The mounts should be checked at each point where they are secured to the vehicle frame and axle[s]).
Shock Absorbers See that shock absorbers are secure and that there are no leaks. Note: Be prepared to perform the same suspension components inspection on every axle (power unit and trailer, if equipped). 11.2.3 Brakes Slack Adjustors and Pushrods Look for broken, loose, or missing parts. For manual slack adjustors, the brake pushrod should not move more than one inch (with the brakes released) when pulled by hand. Brake Chambers See that brake chambers are not leaking, cracked, or dented and are mounted securely. There are no loose or missing clamps.
Brake Hoses/Lines Look for cracked, worn, or leaking hoses, lines, and couplings. Drum Brake Check for cracks, dents, or holes. Also check for loose or missing bolts. Check for contaminates such debris or oil/grease. Brake linings (where visible) should not be worn dangerously thin. Brake Linings On some brake drums, there are openings where the brake linings can be seen from outside the drum. For this type of drum, check that a visible amount of brake lining is showing. Note: Be prepared to perform the same brake components inspection on every axle (power unit and trailer, if equipped).
Brake Hoses/Lines Look for cracked, worn, or leaking hoses, lines, and couplings. Drum Brake Check for cracks, dents, or holes. Also check for loose or missing bolts. Check for contaminates such debris or oil/grease. Brake linings (where visible) should not be worn dangerously thin. Brake Linings On some brake drums, there are openings where the brake linings can be seen from outside the drum. For this type of drum, check that a visible amount of brake lining is showing. Note: Be prepared to perform the same brake components inspection on every axle (power unit and trailer, if equipped).
11.2.4 Wheels Rims Check for damaged or bent rims. Rims cannot have welding repairs. Check rims for rust trails that may indicate the rim is loose on the wheel. Tires The following items must be inspected on every tire: Tread depth: Check for minimum tread depth (4/32 on steering axle tires, 2/32 on all other tires). Tire condition: Check that tread is evenly worn and look for cuts or other damage to tread or sidewalls. Also, make sure that valve caps and stems are not missing, broken, or damaged. Tire inflation: Check for proper inflation by using a tire gauge. Note: You will not get credit if you simply kick the tires or use a mallet to check for proper inflation.
Hub Oil Seals/Axle Seals See that hub oil/grease seals and axle seals are not leaking and, if wheel has a sight glass, oil level is adequate. Lug Nuts Check that all lug nuts are present, free of cracks and distortions, and show no signs of looseness such as rust trails or shiny threads. Make sure all bolt holes are not cracked or distorted. Spacers or Budd Spacing If equipped, check that spacers are not bent, damaged, or rusted through; and are centered with dual wheels and tires evenly separated.. Check the space between the tires for debris and/or foreign objects.

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New 1 - VEHICLE INSPECTION TEST.pptx

  • 1. This Section Covers Internal Inspection External Inspection VEHICLE INSPECTION TEST Section 11
  • 2. During the Vehicle inspection, you must show that the vehicle is safe to drive. You will have to walk around the vehicle, name and point to/ touch each item and explain to the examiner what you are checking and why. Any vehicle that has components marked or labeled cannot be used for the Vehicle Inspection test. 11.1 All Vehicles Study the following vehicle parts for the type of vehicle you will be using during the CDL skills tests. You should be able to identify each part and tell the examiner what you are looking for or inspecting.
  • 3. 11.1.1 Engine Compartment (Engine Off) Leaks/Hoses Look for puddles on the ground. Look for dripping fluids on underside of engine and transmission. Inspect hoses for condition and leaks. Oil Level Check oil level when engine is off. Indicate where dipstick is located. Check that the oil level is within safe operating range. Level must be above refill mark. Coolant Level Looks at sight glass on radiator or coolant reservoir; adequate level will show in sight glass. If no sight glass is available, you must describe what s/he would look for after removing radiator cap.
  • 4. Power Steering Fluid Checks the dipstick and sees where the fluid level is relative to the refill mark or checks sight glass. Level must be above refill mark. Engine Compartment Belts Check the following belts for snugness (1/2 to 3/4 inch play at center of belt), cracks, frays, loose fibers or signs of wear: Power steering belt. Water pump belt. Alternator belt. Air compressor belt. Note: If any of the components listed above are not belt driven, you must: Tell the examiner which component(s) are not belt driven. Make sure component(s) are operating properly, are not damaged or leaking, and are mounted securely.
  • 5. Hydraulic Brakes Master Cylinder & Brake Fluid Checks that master cylinder is securely attached and not leaking Checks the level of brake fluid in the reservoir to ensure it is between the add and full marks Safe Start Place gearshift lever in neutral (or park, for automatic transmissions). Depress clutch before attempting to start the vehicle Start the vehicle and keep clutch depressed until engine reaches idling speed. Then release clutch slowly. 11.1.2 Cab Check/Engine Start Oil Pressure Gauge Make sure oil pressure gauge is working.
  • 6. Check that pressure gauge shows increasing or normal oil pressure or that the warning light goes off. If equipped, oil temperature gauge should begin a gradual rise to the normal operating range. Temperature Gauge Make sure the temperature gauge is working. Temperature should begin to climb to the normal operating range or temperature light should be off. Air Gauge Check that the air gauge is working properly and that the air compressor builds the air pressure to governor cut-out at approximately 120-140 psi or as specified by manufacturer.
  • 7. Ammeter/Voltmeter Check that gauges show alternator and/or generator is charging or that warning light is off. Mirrors and Windshield Mirrors should be clean and adjusted properly from the inside. Windshield should be clean with no illegal stickers, no obstructions, or damage to the glass. Emergency Equipment Check for spare electrical fuses. Check for three red reflective triangles and 6 fusees or 3 liquid burning flares. Check that the fire extinguisher is properly charged and securely mounted. Note: If the vehicle is not equipped with electrical fuses, you must mention this to the examiner.
  • 8. Wipers/Washers Check that wiper arms and blades are secure, not damaged, and operate smoothly. If equipped, windshield washers must operate correctly. Lights/Reflectors/Reflector Tape Condition (Sides & Rear) Test that dash indicators work when corresponding lights are turned on: Left turn signal. Right turn signal. Four-way emergency flashers. High beam headlight. Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) indicator. Check that all external lights and reflective equipment are clean and functional and none or broken or missing. Light and reflector checks include verification of correct color: Clearance lights (red on rear, amber elsewhere). Headlights (high and low beams).
  • 9. Taillights. Backing lights. Turn signals. Four-way flashers. Brake lights. Red reflectors (on rear) and amber reflectors (elsewhere). Reflector tape condition Note: Checks of brake, turn signal and four-way flasher functions must be done separately. Horn. Check that air horn and/or electric horn work. Heater/Defroster. Test that the heater and defroster work.
  • 10. Parking Brake Check With air pressure built to governor cutout and the parking brake engaged (trailer brakes released on combination vehicles), check that the parking brake will hold vehicle by gently trying to pull forward with parking brake on. With air pressure built to governor cutout, the parking brake released and the trailer parking brake engaged (combination vehicles only), check that the trailer parking brake will hold vehicle by gently trying to pull forward with the trailer parking brake on. Hydraulic Brake Check Failure to perform both components of the hydraulic brake check will result in an automatic failure of the vehicle inspection test. 1. Pump the brake pedal three times, then hold it down for five seconds. The brake pedal should not move (depress) during the five seconds.
  • 11. 2. If equipped with a hydraulic brake reserve (back-up) system, with the key off, depress the brake pedal and listen for the sound of the reserve system electric motor. 3.Check that the warning buzzer or light is off. Air Brake Check (Air Brake Equipped Vehicles Only) Failure to perform all three components of the air brake check correctly will result in an automatic failure of the vehicle inspection test. Air brake safety devices vary. However, this procedure is designed to see that any safety device operates correctly as air pressure drops from normal to a low air condition. For safety purposes, in areas where an incline is present, you will use wheel chocks during the air brake check. The proper procedures for inspecting the air brake system are as follows:
  • 12. the air brake check. The proper procedures for inspecting the air brake system are as follows: 1. With the air pressure built up to governor cutoff (120 140 psi), shut off the engine leaving the key in the on or battery charge position, chock your wheels if necessary, release the parking brake (all vehicles), and the tractor protection valve (combination vehicle) and fully apply the foot brake. Hold the foot brake for one minute. Check the air gauge to see if the air pressure drops more than three pounds in one minute (single vehicle) or four pounds in one minute (combination vehicle). 2. Begin fanning off the air pressure by rapidly applying and releasing the foot brake. Low air warning devices (buzzer, light, flag) should activate before air pressure drops below 55 psi or level specified by the manufacturer.
  • 13. 3.Continue to fan off the air pressure. At a range between 20 45 psi on a tractor-trailer combination vehicle (or level specified by the manufacturer), the tractor protection valve and parking brake valve should close (pop out). On other combination vehicle types and single vehicle types, the parking brake valve should close (pop out). Service Brake Check You will be required to check the application of air or hydraulic service brakes. This procedure is designed to determine that the brakes are working correctly and that the vehicle does not pull to one side or the other. Pull forward at 5 mph, apply the service brake and stop. Check to see that the vehicle does not pull to either side and that it stops when brake is applied. Safety Belt Check that the safety belt is securely mounted, adjusts, latches properly and is not ripped or frayed.
  • 14. 11.2 External Inspection (All Vehicles) 11.2.1 Steering Steering Box/Hoses Check that the steering box is securely mounted and not leaking. Look for any missing nuts and/or , bolts. Check for power steering fluid leaks or damage to power steering hoses. Steering Linkage See that connecting links, arms, and rods from the steering box to the wheel are not worn or cracked. Check that joints and sockets are not worn or loose and that there are no missing nuts, bolts, or cotter keys.
  • 15. 11.2.2 Suspension Springs/Air/Torque Look for missing, shifted, cracked, or broken leaf springs. Look for broken or distorted coil springs. If vehicle is equipped with torsion bars, torque arms, or other types of suspension components, check that they are not damaged and are mounted securely. Air ride suspension should be checked for damage and leaks. Mounts Look for cracked or broken spring hangers, missing or damaged bushings, and broken, loose, or missing bolts, u-bolts or other axle mounting parts. (The mounts should be checked at each point where they are secured to the vehicle frame and axle[s]).
  • 16. Shock Absorbers See that shock absorbers are secure and that there are no leaks. Note: Be prepared to perform the same suspension components inspection on every axle (power unit and trailer, if equipped). 11.2.3 Brakes Slack Adjustors and Pushrods Look for broken, loose, or missing parts. For manual slack adjustors, the brake pushrod should not move more than one inch (with the brakes released) when pulled by hand. Brake Chambers See that brake chambers are not leaking, cracked, or dented and are mounted securely. There are no loose or missing clamps.
  • 17. Brake Hoses/Lines Look for cracked, worn, or leaking hoses, lines, and couplings. Drum Brake Check for cracks, dents, or holes. Also check for loose or missing bolts. Check for contaminates such debris or oil/grease. Brake linings (where visible) should not be worn dangerously thin. Brake Linings On some brake drums, there are openings where the brake linings can be seen from outside the drum. For this type of drum, check that a visible amount of brake lining is showing. Note: Be prepared to perform the same brake components inspection on every axle (power unit and trailer, if equipped).
  • 18. Brake Hoses/Lines Look for cracked, worn, or leaking hoses, lines, and couplings. Drum Brake Check for cracks, dents, or holes. Also check for loose or missing bolts. Check for contaminates such debris or oil/grease. Brake linings (where visible) should not be worn dangerously thin. Brake Linings On some brake drums, there are openings where the brake linings can be seen from outside the drum. For this type of drum, check that a visible amount of brake lining is showing. Note: Be prepared to perform the same brake components inspection on every axle (power unit and trailer, if equipped).
  • 19. 11.2.4 Wheels Rims Check for damaged or bent rims. Rims cannot have welding repairs. Check rims for rust trails that may indicate the rim is loose on the wheel. Tires The following items must be inspected on every tire: Tread depth: Check for minimum tread depth (4/32 on steering axle tires, 2/32 on all other tires). Tire condition: Check that tread is evenly worn and look for cuts or other damage to tread or sidewalls. Also, make sure that valve caps and stems are not missing, broken, or damaged. Tire inflation: Check for proper inflation by using a tire gauge. Note: You will not get credit if you simply kick the tires or use a mallet to check for proper inflation.
  • 20. Hub Oil Seals/Axle Seals See that hub oil/grease seals and axle seals are not leaking and, if wheel has a sight glass, oil level is adequate. Lug Nuts Check that all lug nuts are present, free of cracks and distortions, and show no signs of looseness such as rust trails or shiny threads. Make sure all bolt holes are not cracked or distorted. Spacers or Budd Spacing If equipped, check that spacers are not bent, damaged, or rusted through; and are centered with dual wheels and tires evenly separated.. Check the space between the tires for debris and/or foreign objects.