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Nigeria

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Angela Montague
Angela Montague

The Shell Nigeria oil spills have caused widespread human and environmental damage. Shell paid armed militant groups in the region, some of which evolved into violent organizations like the Nigerian Delta Avengers and Boko Haram. These groups have killed thousands, especially targeting women and children. Boko Haram in particular has abducted thousands of women and girls to use as sex slaves and suicide bombers. While women's rights have improved in Nigeria through new policies and programs, many women still face high illiteracy and acceptance of domestic violence.

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Nigeria War and women Dave Lipscomb, Hongbin Park, Juan Camacho
Contents 01 Nigeria 03 Boko Haram 02 Company 05 Summary 04 Women
Nigeria 001 Oil of Nigeria 002 Poor citizen Nigeria
01. Oil of Nigeria - Nigeria has 372milion barrels of oil beneath the land. - Tenth place in the world.
01. Oil of Nigeria 90% Export oil = 75%Revenue for state
01. Oil of Nigeria Nigeria GDP per capita
Why they are so POOR?
Company 001 Company 002 Their Interests and Investments
01. Company Shell Nigeria(Royal Dutch Shell) -Trans Niger Pipeline(TNP) -Bodo, Nigeria 2008 -Broken pipeline leaks 500 thousand barrels -About 35 square miles of land were affected -Local waters polluted, fishing industry destroyed -Shell says sabotage, but locals say the pipe was old -No pipeline inspection devices(PIGs) were used to monitor the pipe or flow rates
01. Company Oil Spill Cleanup Hurts Profits -United Nations Environment Program: 30 years to clean up oil -Costs are estimated at $1 Billion for only five years of clean-up -Shell reports over 1000 oil spills since 2009 -2015: Shell pays one community almost $90 Million for damages -2014: Shell profits $15 Billion from Nigerian oil
Emergence of armed groups in Nigerian delta Ethnic minorities fight for payments from Shell Shell has payed rival groups, creating a monetary incentive to fight for payments Nigerian Delta Avengers Boko Haram Payments cause suffering. 02.Their Interests and Investments
02.Their Interests and Investments Shell payed conflicting armed groups hundred of thousands of dollars which was used to purchase firearms and ammunition used in terror. These militant groups have evolved into a shadowy group called Nigerian Delta Avengers(NDA), who may be connected with Boko Haram. The NDA has been attacking Shell Nigeria oil pipelines, demanding more payments from Shell. This works in Boko Harams favor, because they are fighting the Nigerian government. The NDA had cut the oil production in Nigeria to 50%, causing the government to lose money. Therefore, the government had less resources to fight Boko Haram in the north. Shell has financed militant groups, that are responsible for crimes against humanity.
Boko Haram 001 What is Boko Haram? 002 What they did?
01.What is Boko Haram? Although Boko Haram was funded in part by Osama bin Laden in 2002, in many ways, it was a product of Nigeria's colonization experience by the British and their inability to subdue the areas formerly under the Sokoto Caliphate in Northern Nigeria (ntrepidcorp.com). Boku Haram translation : Western Education is Forbidden Leader Mohammed Yusuf killed in 2009. Attacks against soft targets begins violence escalates. April 2014 Boku Haram kidnaps 234 school girls from Chibok. Kidnapping draws international attention, # Bring our girls back The insurgency has claimed over 30,000 live and displaced another 2.2 million(ntrepid corp.com).
01.What is Boko Haram?
01.What is Boko Haram?
02.What they did? Western Education is Forbidden Boko Haram
02.What they did? Insurgency Boko Haram Calls for a Separate Islamic State in Northesatern Nigeria
02.What they did? Attacking school students and teachers from 2013 to 2014
02.What they did? Abduction 276 schoolgirls 219 remain missing.
Women 001 Women status 002 Using women in Army 003 Progress of right of women
According to Amnesty international Boku Haram has abducted approximately 2,000 women and the numbers could be higher. ≒...mostly about power and access to women...You can take anyones woman and she is yours The abducted women and girls are being used as forced brides, sex slaves and suicide bombers. (newsweek.com, 2016) 01.Women Status
01. Women status 80% Illiteracy It is reasonable for husbands to beat their wives if they burn food, refuse sex or go out without his permission.
02. Using women in Army Women as a suicide bombers
03. Progress of right of women Adoption of a gender policy in 2007; Establishment of science schools for girls; Establishment of women development centres in 36 states; Adoption of the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforceme nt and Administration Act; Establishment of a national agency for the prohibition of trafficking in persons; Adoption of a national policy on HIV/AIDS, reproductive health and female genital mutilation. Omoyemen Odigie-Emmanuel 2010
The Shell Nigeria oil spills have caused human suffering in Nigeria. Exasperating the oil spill crisis, the company made cash payments to gangs that evolved into armed militant groups. After being financed, these militant groups have killed thousands of innocent people. Mainly women and children. Summary
Works cited Boko Haram Proposes Schoolgirls-for-Prisoners Trade in Nigeria. Time.Com [serial on t he Internet]. (2014, May 13), [cited November 2, 2016]; 1. Available from: Academic Se arch Premier. Perry, Alex, et al. "Threat Level Rising." Time International (Atlantic Edition) 178.24 (201 1): 46-50. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Nov. 2016 21 Chibok Schoolgirls, Reuniting With Parents, Tell of Boko Haram Slavery By CHRIS ST EIN and DIONNE SEARCEYOCT. 16, 2016

More Related Content

Nigeria

  • 1. Nigeria War and women Dave Lipscomb, Hongbin Park, Juan Camacho
  • 2. Contents 01 Nigeria 03 Boko Haram 02 Company 05 Summary 04 Women
  • 3. Nigeria 001 Oil of Nigeria 002 Poor citizen Nigeria
  • 4. 01. Oil of Nigeria - Nigeria has 372milion barrels of oil beneath the land. - Tenth place in the world.
  • 5. 01. Oil of Nigeria 90% Export oil = 75%Revenue for state
  • 6. 01. Oil of Nigeria Nigeria GDP per capita
  • 7. Why they are so POOR?
  • 8. Company 001 Company 002 Their Interests and Investments
  • 9. 01. Company Shell Nigeria(Royal Dutch Shell) -Trans Niger Pipeline(TNP) -Bodo, Nigeria 2008 -Broken pipeline leaks 500 thousand barrels -About 35 square miles of land were affected -Local waters polluted, fishing industry destroyed -Shell says sabotage, but locals say the pipe was old -No pipeline inspection devices(PIGs) were used to monitor the pipe or flow rates
  • 10. 01. Company Oil Spill Cleanup Hurts Profits -United Nations Environment Program: 30 years to clean up oil -Costs are estimated at $1 Billion for only five years of clean-up -Shell reports over 1000 oil spills since 2009 -2015: Shell pays one community almost $90 Million for damages -2014: Shell profits $15 Billion from Nigerian oil
  • 11. Emergence of armed groups in Nigerian delta Ethnic minorities fight for payments from Shell Shell has payed rival groups, creating a monetary incentive to fight for payments Nigerian Delta Avengers Boko Haram Payments cause suffering. 02.Their Interests and Investments
  • 12. 02.Their Interests and Investments Shell payed conflicting armed groups hundred of thousands of dollars which was used to purchase firearms and ammunition used in terror. These militant groups have evolved into a shadowy group called Nigerian Delta Avengers(NDA), who may be connected with Boko Haram. The NDA has been attacking Shell Nigeria oil pipelines, demanding more payments from Shell. This works in Boko Harams favor, because they are fighting the Nigerian government. The NDA had cut the oil production in Nigeria to 50%, causing the government to lose money. Therefore, the government had less resources to fight Boko Haram in the north. Shell has financed militant groups, that are responsible for crimes against humanity.
  • 13. Boko Haram 001 What is Boko Haram? 002 What they did?
  • 14. 01.What is Boko Haram? Although Boko Haram was funded in part by Osama bin Laden in 2002, in many ways, it was a product of Nigeria's colonization experience by the British and their inability to subdue the areas formerly under the Sokoto Caliphate in Northern Nigeria (ntrepidcorp.com). Boku Haram translation : Western Education is Forbidden Leader Mohammed Yusuf killed in 2009. Attacks against soft targets begins violence escalates. April 2014 Boku Haram kidnaps 234 school girls from Chibok. Kidnapping draws international attention, # Bring our girls back The insurgency has claimed over 30,000 live and displaced another 2.2 million(ntrepid corp.com).
  • 17. 02.What they did? Western Education is Forbidden Boko Haram
  • 18. 02.What they did? Insurgency Boko Haram Calls for a Separate Islamic State in Northesatern Nigeria
  • 19. 02.What they did? Attacking school students and teachers from 2013 to 2014
  • 20. 02.What they did? Abduction 276 schoolgirls 219 remain missing.
  • 21. Women 001 Women status 002 Using women in Army 003 Progress of right of women
  • 22. According to Amnesty international Boku Haram has abducted approximately 2,000 women and the numbers could be higher. ≒...mostly about power and access to women...You can take anyones woman and she is yours The abducted women and girls are being used as forced brides, sex slaves and suicide bombers. (newsweek.com, 2016) 01.Women Status
  • 23. 01. Women status 80% Illiteracy It is reasonable for husbands to beat their wives if they burn food, refuse sex or go out without his permission.
  • 24. 02. Using women in Army Women as a suicide bombers
  • 25. 03. Progress of right of women Adoption of a gender policy in 2007; Establishment of science schools for girls; Establishment of women development centres in 36 states; Adoption of the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforceme nt and Administration Act; Establishment of a national agency for the prohibition of trafficking in persons; Adoption of a national policy on HIV/AIDS, reproductive health and female genital mutilation. Omoyemen Odigie-Emmanuel 2010
  • 26. The Shell Nigeria oil spills have caused human suffering in Nigeria. Exasperating the oil spill crisis, the company made cash payments to gangs that evolved into armed militant groups. After being financed, these militant groups have killed thousands of innocent people. Mainly women and children. Summary
  • 27. Works cited Boko Haram Proposes Schoolgirls-for-Prisoners Trade in Nigeria. Time.Com [serial on t he Internet]. (2014, May 13), [cited November 2, 2016]; 1. Available from: Academic Se arch Premier. Perry, Alex, et al. "Threat Level Rising." Time International (Atlantic Edition) 178.24 (201 1): 46-50. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Nov. 2016 21 Chibok Schoolgirls, Reuniting With Parents, Tell of Boko Haram Slavery By CHRIS ST EIN and DIONNE SEARCEYOCT. 16, 2016

Editor's Notes

  1. http://www.tradingeconomics.com/nigeria/gdp-per-capita-at-current-prices-in-us-dollars-imf-data.html
  2. The oil spill occurred in 2008, in Bodo, Nigeria. The company, Shell Nigeria, claims the worn out oil pipe only leaked 500 thousand barrels, according to court documents. The cost of fish, a staple food in the area, rose ten-fold. Locals claim the pipe was worn out and apparently emails from within Shell Nigeria show employees were concerned-before the spill. However, Shell claims the pipe broke due to sabotage. The company claims locals broke the pipe to steal oil, but according to statements, locals did steal oil, but only after the oil leaked and destroyed the fish populations-their livelihood.
  3. The insurgency calls for a separate Islamic state in Northeastern Nigeria. Insurgency went from low level activity and escalated with increased assassinations and clashes with Nigerian military.
  4. Boku Haram from 2013 to 2014 began attacking school students and teachers.
  5. Culminating in the abduction of 276 schoolgirls, 219 remain missing. (africacheck.org 2014) Middle school girls kidnapped by Boku Haram on the night of April 14th, 2014 Boku Haram continues to threaten violence to anyone they regard as using western practices of education. Rural and city learning institutions are frequent and deadly targets. The Red Cross and the Swiss government helped negotiated a release of the kidnapped girls
  6. -80% of women in north Nigeria cannot read. -A survey of 15-24 year old women found that the majority think it is reasonable for husbands to beat their wives if they burn food, refuse sex or go out without his permission.(Featherstone -Women are used as suicide bombers, Brides for the insurgents and bartering for release of comrades. #Bring Back Our Girls 'Bring Back Our Girls' Becomes Rallying Cry for Kidnapped Nigerian Schoolgirls ByALYSSA LITOFF May 6, 2014
  7. -Women are used as suicide bombers, Brides for the insurgents and bartering for release of comrades.