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Class 1: Integrative Parenting for Attachment Trauma

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This document summarizes key points from a presentation on raising children affected by attachment trauma. It discusses how early life experiences shape children's core beliefs and behaviors. Children who experienced trauma may live with a hyper-aroused "survival brain" and have difficulties with emotion regulation, trust, and focusing. Their challenging behaviors are understood as reflexive responses to trauma rather than intentional misbehavior. Therapies like EMDR and family therapy can help rewire the brain and establish a secure attachment to support healing. Parents are encouraged to understand their children through a trauma lens to develop empathy and use integrative parenting strategies.

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Integrative Parenting: Strategies for Raising Children Affected by Attachment Trauma 息 2014 Debra Wesselmann, Cathy Schweitzer, & Stefanie Armstrong www.atcnebraska.com Do not reprint without permission of the authors. Class 1 (of 5) Scared Children Not Scary Children
This powerpoint is based on the following parent guide: Integrative Parenting: Strategies for Raising Children Affected by Attachment Trauma by Debra Wesselmann, Cathy Schweitzer, & Stefanie Armstrong (W.W. Norton, New York, 2014)
Accompanying Treatment Manual for Therapists: Integrative Team Treatment for Attachment Trauma in Children: Family Therapy and EMDR by Debra Wesselmann, Cathy Schweitzer, & Stefanie Armstrong (W.W. Norton, New York, 2014)
Objectives: You will be able to 4 Identify the possible traumas in your childs early life. Identify the negative beliefs blocking your childs success. Recognize your childs triggers.
Parents Emotions Fear and anxietyWhat is my childs future? What is my familys future? Guilt and shame What am I doing wrong? Fear, anxiety, guilt, and shame can drive ineffective parental responses. 5 Image 1
You May Have Negative Thoughts Frustrated parents may believe My child dislikes me. My child wants to hurt me. My child is bad. Im a bad parent. Im not in control. This is hopeless.
There is Hope. The first step is understanding how your childs earliest experiences have impacted his current thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. 7 Image 2
The Fabulous 4 Ingredients of a Secure Attachment Touch, closeness, eye contact. Emotional attunement. A secure holding environment. Shared pleasure, play, fun. Image 3
Development of Emotion Regulation The baby operates out of the right brain only. The left brain is not yet operational. When the parent holds the upset baby, the babys brain harmonizes with the calm, regulated parents brain. If the parents brain is organized, over time, the babys brain will become organized.
Nurturing the Integrated Brain The prefrontal brain is dependent upon the attachment relationship for optimal development. Repeated soothing and comforting from the parent increases the number of brain cells in the babys prefrontal brain. Image 4
The Prefrontal Brain Is like Grand Central Station for the brain. It connects the thinking upstairs brain to the reflexive downstairs brain. It connects the emotional right brain to the logical left brain. Image 5
The Integrated Brain 12 is able to reason, think things through, and calm itself. Image 6
The child who repeatedly experiences nurturing and comforting develops core positive beliefs: I belong. Its safe to trust. Its safe to love. Its safe to have feelings. Image 7
Positive Core Beliefs (Continued) Its safe to be vulnerable. I can ask for help. I can count on my mom and dad to take care of me. I can accept help and comfort. I am loved and lovable and I dont have to be perfect.
Positive Core Beliefs (Continued) I am good and I deserve good things. The world is safe. I can expect good things from others. Image 8
The Baby Who is Not Comforted His brain remains dysregulated and disorganized. He has poor development of the prefrontal brain. (Alan Schore, Ph.D.) He experiences unremitting fear. He lives in an ongoing state of stress and anxiety. Image 9
Negative Core Beliefs Our early experiences determine what we believe about ourselves, others, and the world. What were your childs earliest experiences? Think about the negative beliefs your child may have developed.
Lack of Comfort Leads to Negative Core Beliefs There is no one to help me. I am all alone. I dont belong. I am not important. Im not safe. Bad things will happen. Image 10
(Continued) I cant get what I need. I am going to die! I have to take care of myself. I cant get the closeness & love I need. Its not safe to have needs or feelings.
I will always be rejected and abandoned. Im not good enough. Its not safe to love. Image 11
Put on Your Detectives Hat! 21 Dont try to figure out your childs core beliefs by asking him. He doesnt yet have insight into his own thoughts. (Therapy can help!) Examine his behaviors and think about his history, and you may be able to guess at his negative beliefs. Image 12
Understanding Your Child Through the Trauma Lens Traumatic memory is stored in the limbic area of the brain. The traumatic memory is encapsulated along with the emotions, beliefs, and body sensations associated with the trauma.
Big T Trauma may include: Little t trauma may include: Physical or sexual abuse Going hungry Being left alone Witnessing frightening behavior Early medical trauma Sudden loss Moves Rejection Separations Ridicule What is Attachment Trauma?
Preverbal Trauma is Stored in the Implicit Memory System Difficult birth Preterm birth Hospitalization Medical procedures Illness in infant or mother Separations from mother Abuse, neglect 24 Image 13
Hyperarousal Hypoarousal Stress hormones released into the brain Increased heart rate and respiration Ready to fight, flee, or freeze No ability to fight or run Going away mentally Can be considered giving up or feigning death 25 Two Types of Arousal to Perceived Threat
Repeated Trauma Wires the Brain to Hyper-arousal & Hypoarousal (Reference: Siegel, 2010; Odgen & Minton, 2000) Sympathetic Nervous System Arousal (Hyperarousal): Emotionally reactive, aggressive, impulsive, hyper-defensive, or frozen and paralyzed. Parasympathetic Arousal (Hypoarousal): Flat affect, numb, dissociated, collapsed, slowed, feeling dead, psychomotor retardation. Within the Window of Tolerance the child can stay connected, process, and learn. This window is very narrow in wounded children!
Ongoing Issues With Trauma Triggers Long after the trauma, any type of reminder or perceived threat consciously or subconsciously - - may trigger negative emotions, thoughts, and sensations. Trauma that is not remembered can be just as powerful as remembered trauma.
Common Triggers: Mom saying no. Teacher saying no. Stern look on an adults face. Mom paying attention to a sibling. Parents going out-of-town A holiday Homework Bedtime, morning-time, anytime! A time-out or consequence
The Survival Response Behaviors normally labeled oppositional, rebellious, unmotivated, or antisocial are the natural byproduct of a brain that is wired for survival. These behaviors are all part of the fight-flight-freeze response: Natures way of helping us survive a threatening environment.
A Child in Survival Brain Has a low capacity to focus and learn well. Is unable to enjoy relationships. Has little ability to think about the future, the effects of poor choices, or to wait for something good.
A Child in Survival Brain is Unable to Trust I want your love, but Im afraid of rejection! Moms/dads are mean. Image 14
A Child in Survival Brain Feels Worthless I dont belong. Im bad. I am unlovable. Image 15
A Child in Survival Brain Has to Protect Himself I dont trust you to give me what I need, therefore I will take it. I have to have it, regardless of what it is, or I will die! Image 16
Attachment Trauma Plays Out Mistrust Fear Self-hatred Self-doubt Shame Anger Self-protection Acting out ALONE! Image 17
Understanding of Cause of Child Behaviors Has Evolved Old view: The attachment disordered child is full of rage and a need to control his parents. The behavior is intentional! New view: The behaviors of children suffering from attachment are reflexive and caused by: core mistrust and fear, a poorly integrated brain, and a narrow window of tolerance.
Practice Reminding Yourself My child has a narrow window of tolerance. My child has a survival brain. My child needs my help (along with family and trauma therapy) to calm his brain. By investing time and energy today, I can improve my childs future and my familys future.
Its Not Too Late 37 Neuroplasticity is a term used to describe capacity to create new neural connections and growing new neurons in response to experience. Siegel, D., 2010 Image 18
How Will Therapy Help? 38 Integrative Team Treatment involves a family therapist and an EMDR therapist. The family therapist will help you and your child develop skills and tools to manage big emotions and create a more secure connection.
How Will Therapy Help? 39 EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a therapeutic method that helps activate healing and decrease symptoms related to trauma. Image 19
What is EMDR? (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) 40 During EMDR, the therapist will activate centers in your childs left and right brain that are activated during REM sleep. This jump-starts the brains natural mechanisms for processing memories and integrates stored trauma with positive information. EMDR is an empirically-supported treatment and is endorsed by the World Health Organization and many other organizations world-wide.
You Can Promote a Positive Outcome By. 41 Attend your childs therapy and stay supportive and emotionally present. Develop a support system for yourself. Take care of your relationships with friends and/or your partner. Integrative Parenting methods may feel counter- intuitive for you. Be open to letting go of old methods and trying these new strategies.
Its Your Turn. In a notebook List your childs concerning behaviors. List the traumatic events, big and small, in your childs life. Hypothesize your childs negative beliefs. List your childs triggers.
Feel Free to Share This Presentation and visit us at www.atcnebraska.com
Works Cited Ogden, P., & Minton, K. (2000). Sensorimotor psychotherapy: One method for processing traumatic memory. Traumatology, VI (3), article 3. Siegel, D. J., (2010). Mindsight: The new science of personal transformation. New York, NY: Bantam Books. 44
Works Cited Image 1 Source: Sad Woman by George Hodan http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=62530&picture=sad- woman Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Image 2 Source: Sad Child by George Hodan http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=25534&picture=sad-child Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 Image 3 Source: ByRobert Whitehead, July 4, 2005 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mother-Child_face_to_face.jpg Rights: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en Image 4 Source: Authors Rights: Authors Image 5 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brain_2.jpg Rights:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ 45
Works Cited Image 6 Source:http://pixabay.com/en/brain-may-refer-to-face-head-194932/ Rights:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Image 7 Source: First Cuddle by Vera Kratochvil http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=22579&picture=first- cuddle> Rights: Public Domainhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en Image 8 Source: Father and Daughter by Petr Kratochvil http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=10681&picture=father- and-daughter&large=1 Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en Image 9 Source: Authors Rights: Authors Image 10 Source: http://pixabay.com/en/kid-face-little-boy-child-165256/ Rights: Public Domain 46
Works Cited Image 11 Source: Feliz Cumplea単os by Juan Pablo Colasso, September 9, 2006 https://www.flickr.com/photos/jpcolasso/445514358/> Rights:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ Image 12 Source: http://pixabay.com/en/sherlock-holmes-detective-147255/ Rights:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Image 13 Source: Hannah Trinity McKay by Cheryl, January 7, 2009 https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3483/3178311428_37c36ab3e7.jpg Rights: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0 Image 14 Source: Authors Rights: Authors Image 15 Source: Authors Rights: Authors 47
Works Cited Image 16 Source: Angry Child by Gerry Thomasen, March 3, 2001 https://www.flickr.com/photos/gerrythomasen/101470232/ Rights: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 Image 17 Source: dollar photo club Rights: Purchase Image 18 Source: http://pixabay.com/en/face-head-glasses-brain-coils-man-89346/ Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en Image 19 Source: Green Eyes by Laurinemily at en.wikipedia 2006-09-28 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greeneyes.jpg Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en 48

More Related Content

Class 1: Integrative Parenting for Attachment Trauma

  • 1. Integrative Parenting: Strategies for Raising Children Affected by Attachment Trauma 息 2014 Debra Wesselmann, Cathy Schweitzer, & Stefanie Armstrong www.atcnebraska.com Do not reprint without permission of the authors. Class 1 (of 5) Scared Children Not Scary Children
  • 2. This powerpoint is based on the following parent guide: Integrative Parenting: Strategies for Raising Children Affected by Attachment Trauma by Debra Wesselmann, Cathy Schweitzer, & Stefanie Armstrong (W.W. Norton, New York, 2014)
  • 3. Accompanying Treatment Manual for Therapists: Integrative Team Treatment for Attachment Trauma in Children: Family Therapy and EMDR by Debra Wesselmann, Cathy Schweitzer, & Stefanie Armstrong (W.W. Norton, New York, 2014)
  • 4. Objectives: You will be able to 4 Identify the possible traumas in your childs early life. Identify the negative beliefs blocking your childs success. Recognize your childs triggers.
  • 5. Parents Emotions Fear and anxietyWhat is my childs future? What is my familys future? Guilt and shame What am I doing wrong? Fear, anxiety, guilt, and shame can drive ineffective parental responses. 5 Image 1
  • 6. You May Have Negative Thoughts Frustrated parents may believe My child dislikes me. My child wants to hurt me. My child is bad. Im a bad parent. Im not in control. This is hopeless.
  • 7. There is Hope. The first step is understanding how your childs earliest experiences have impacted his current thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. 7 Image 2
  • 8. The Fabulous 4 Ingredients of a Secure Attachment Touch, closeness, eye contact. Emotional attunement. A secure holding environment. Shared pleasure, play, fun. Image 3
  • 9. Development of Emotion Regulation The baby operates out of the right brain only. The left brain is not yet operational. When the parent holds the upset baby, the babys brain harmonizes with the calm, regulated parents brain. If the parents brain is organized, over time, the babys brain will become organized.
  • 10. Nurturing the Integrated Brain The prefrontal brain is dependent upon the attachment relationship for optimal development. Repeated soothing and comforting from the parent increases the number of brain cells in the babys prefrontal brain. Image 4
  • 11. The Prefrontal Brain Is like Grand Central Station for the brain. It connects the thinking upstairs brain to the reflexive downstairs brain. It connects the emotional right brain to the logical left brain. Image 5
  • 12. The Integrated Brain 12 is able to reason, think things through, and calm itself. Image 6
  • 13. The child who repeatedly experiences nurturing and comforting develops core positive beliefs: I belong. Its safe to trust. Its safe to love. Its safe to have feelings. Image 7
  • 14. Positive Core Beliefs (Continued) Its safe to be vulnerable. I can ask for help. I can count on my mom and dad to take care of me. I can accept help and comfort. I am loved and lovable and I dont have to be perfect.
  • 15. Positive Core Beliefs (Continued) I am good and I deserve good things. The world is safe. I can expect good things from others. Image 8
  • 16. The Baby Who is Not Comforted His brain remains dysregulated and disorganized. He has poor development of the prefrontal brain. (Alan Schore, Ph.D.) He experiences unremitting fear. He lives in an ongoing state of stress and anxiety. Image 9
  • 17. Negative Core Beliefs Our early experiences determine what we believe about ourselves, others, and the world. What were your childs earliest experiences? Think about the negative beliefs your child may have developed.
  • 18. Lack of Comfort Leads to Negative Core Beliefs There is no one to help me. I am all alone. I dont belong. I am not important. Im not safe. Bad things will happen. Image 10
  • 19. (Continued) I cant get what I need. I am going to die! I have to take care of myself. I cant get the closeness & love I need. Its not safe to have needs or feelings.
  • 20. I will always be rejected and abandoned. Im not good enough. Its not safe to love. Image 11
  • 21. Put on Your Detectives Hat! 21 Dont try to figure out your childs core beliefs by asking him. He doesnt yet have insight into his own thoughts. (Therapy can help!) Examine his behaviors and think about his history, and you may be able to guess at his negative beliefs. Image 12
  • 22. Understanding Your Child Through the Trauma Lens Traumatic memory is stored in the limbic area of the brain. The traumatic memory is encapsulated along with the emotions, beliefs, and body sensations associated with the trauma.
  • 23. Big T Trauma may include: Little t trauma may include: Physical or sexual abuse Going hungry Being left alone Witnessing frightening behavior Early medical trauma Sudden loss Moves Rejection Separations Ridicule What is Attachment Trauma?
  • 24. Preverbal Trauma is Stored in the Implicit Memory System Difficult birth Preterm birth Hospitalization Medical procedures Illness in infant or mother Separations from mother Abuse, neglect 24 Image 13
  • 25. Hyperarousal Hypoarousal Stress hormones released into the brain Increased heart rate and respiration Ready to fight, flee, or freeze No ability to fight or run Going away mentally Can be considered giving up or feigning death 25 Two Types of Arousal to Perceived Threat
  • 26. Repeated Trauma Wires the Brain to Hyper-arousal & Hypoarousal (Reference: Siegel, 2010; Odgen & Minton, 2000) Sympathetic Nervous System Arousal (Hyperarousal): Emotionally reactive, aggressive, impulsive, hyper-defensive, or frozen and paralyzed. Parasympathetic Arousal (Hypoarousal): Flat affect, numb, dissociated, collapsed, slowed, feeling dead, psychomotor retardation. Within the Window of Tolerance the child can stay connected, process, and learn. This window is very narrow in wounded children!
  • 27. Ongoing Issues With Trauma Triggers Long after the trauma, any type of reminder or perceived threat consciously or subconsciously - - may trigger negative emotions, thoughts, and sensations. Trauma that is not remembered can be just as powerful as remembered trauma.
  • 28. Common Triggers: Mom saying no. Teacher saying no. Stern look on an adults face. Mom paying attention to a sibling. Parents going out-of-town A holiday Homework Bedtime, morning-time, anytime! A time-out or consequence
  • 29. The Survival Response Behaviors normally labeled oppositional, rebellious, unmotivated, or antisocial are the natural byproduct of a brain that is wired for survival. These behaviors are all part of the fight-flight-freeze response: Natures way of helping us survive a threatening environment.
  • 30. A Child in Survival Brain Has a low capacity to focus and learn well. Is unable to enjoy relationships. Has little ability to think about the future, the effects of poor choices, or to wait for something good.
  • 31. A Child in Survival Brain is Unable to Trust I want your love, but Im afraid of rejection! Moms/dads are mean. Image 14
  • 32. A Child in Survival Brain Feels Worthless I dont belong. Im bad. I am unlovable. Image 15
  • 33. A Child in Survival Brain Has to Protect Himself I dont trust you to give me what I need, therefore I will take it. I have to have it, regardless of what it is, or I will die! Image 16
  • 34. Attachment Trauma Plays Out Mistrust Fear Self-hatred Self-doubt Shame Anger Self-protection Acting out ALONE! Image 17
  • 35. Understanding of Cause of Child Behaviors Has Evolved Old view: The attachment disordered child is full of rage and a need to control his parents. The behavior is intentional! New view: The behaviors of children suffering from attachment are reflexive and caused by: core mistrust and fear, a poorly integrated brain, and a narrow window of tolerance.
  • 36. Practice Reminding Yourself My child has a narrow window of tolerance. My child has a survival brain. My child needs my help (along with family and trauma therapy) to calm his brain. By investing time and energy today, I can improve my childs future and my familys future.
  • 37. Its Not Too Late 37 Neuroplasticity is a term used to describe capacity to create new neural connections and growing new neurons in response to experience. Siegel, D., 2010 Image 18
  • 38. How Will Therapy Help? 38 Integrative Team Treatment involves a family therapist and an EMDR therapist. The family therapist will help you and your child develop skills and tools to manage big emotions and create a more secure connection.
  • 39. How Will Therapy Help? 39 EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a therapeutic method that helps activate healing and decrease symptoms related to trauma. Image 19
  • 40. What is EMDR? (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) 40 During EMDR, the therapist will activate centers in your childs left and right brain that are activated during REM sleep. This jump-starts the brains natural mechanisms for processing memories and integrates stored trauma with positive information. EMDR is an empirically-supported treatment and is endorsed by the World Health Organization and many other organizations world-wide.
  • 41. You Can Promote a Positive Outcome By. 41 Attend your childs therapy and stay supportive and emotionally present. Develop a support system for yourself. Take care of your relationships with friends and/or your partner. Integrative Parenting methods may feel counter- intuitive for you. Be open to letting go of old methods and trying these new strategies.
  • 42. Its Your Turn. In a notebook List your childs concerning behaviors. List the traumatic events, big and small, in your childs life. Hypothesize your childs negative beliefs. List your childs triggers.
  • 43. Feel Free to Share This Presentation and visit us at www.atcnebraska.com
  • 44. Works Cited Ogden, P., & Minton, K. (2000). Sensorimotor psychotherapy: One method for processing traumatic memory. Traumatology, VI (3), article 3. Siegel, D. J., (2010). Mindsight: The new science of personal transformation. New York, NY: Bantam Books. 44
  • 45. Works Cited Image 1 Source: Sad Woman by George Hodan http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=62530&picture=sad- woman Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Image 2 Source: Sad Child by George Hodan http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=25534&picture=sad-child Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 Image 3 Source: ByRobert Whitehead, July 4, 2005 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mother-Child_face_to_face.jpg Rights: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en Image 4 Source: Authors Rights: Authors Image 5 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brain_2.jpg Rights:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ 45
  • 46. Works Cited Image 6 Source:http://pixabay.com/en/brain-may-refer-to-face-head-194932/ Rights:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Image 7 Source: First Cuddle by Vera Kratochvil http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=22579&picture=first- cuddle> Rights: Public Domainhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en Image 8 Source: Father and Daughter by Petr Kratochvil http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/view-image.php?image=10681&picture=father- and-daughter&large=1 Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en Image 9 Source: Authors Rights: Authors Image 10 Source: http://pixabay.com/en/kid-face-little-boy-child-165256/ Rights: Public Domain 46
  • 47. Works Cited Image 11 Source: Feliz Cumplea単os by Juan Pablo Colasso, September 9, 2006 https://www.flickr.com/photos/jpcolasso/445514358/> Rights:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ Image 12 Source: http://pixabay.com/en/sherlock-holmes-detective-147255/ Rights:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Image 13 Source: Hannah Trinity McKay by Cheryl, January 7, 2009 https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3483/3178311428_37c36ab3e7.jpg Rights: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0 Image 14 Source: Authors Rights: Authors Image 15 Source: Authors Rights: Authors 47
  • 48. Works Cited Image 16 Source: Angry Child by Gerry Thomasen, March 3, 2001 https://www.flickr.com/photos/gerrythomasen/101470232/ Rights: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 Image 17 Source: dollar photo club Rights: Purchase Image 18 Source: http://pixabay.com/en/face-head-glasses-brain-coils-man-89346/ Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en Image 19 Source: Green Eyes by Laurinemily at en.wikipedia 2006-09-28 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greeneyes.jpg Rights: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en 48