Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) is a DNA double-strand break repair pathway that directly ligates broken DNA ends. The main NHEJ pathway involves the binding of the Ku70/Ku80 complex to DNA ends, recruitment of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, and ligation by DNA ligase IV. An alternative end-joining pathway called alternative NHEJ can also repair breaks using proteins such as PARP1, XRCC1, and ligase III.
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