Nutrient indicator plants and alkaloids in medicinal plants.pdf
- 1. NUTRIENT INDICATOR PLANTS, AND ALKALOIDS PRESENT IN MEDICINAL PLANTS Dr. K. Vanangamudi Formerly Dean (Agriculture), AC & RI, Coimbatore Dean, Adhiparasakthi Agricultural College, Kalavai Professor & Head (Seed Science & Technology) Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003 Contact: 9894904745 Mail: vanangamudi.tnau@gmail.com Website: https://trinityculturalacademy.com/ YouTube: https://youtube.com/channel/UCWGv08j5jaZ-nkvz46HrBVw 1. Nutrient indicator plants Nutrient Element Indicator Crops Nitrogen Maize, sorghum, pulses, cauliflower, cabbage Phosphorus Rapeseed, tomato, maize, cereals, lucerne Potassium Potato, banana, cotton, lucerne Magnesium Cotton (leaf reddening), potato Zinc Maize, paddy (khaira disease), citrus, beans Sulphur Cereals, lucerne, tea (yellowing) Copper Citrus, cereals Iron Sugarcane, sugar beet, sorghum, citrus, ornamental plants Manganese Citrus, sunflower, sugar beet, oat, potato Calcium Cauliflower, cabbage, tomato (blossom end rot of fruits), sugar beet Molybdenum Cauliflower (whiptail) Boron Sunflower, sugar beet
- 2. 2. Alkaloids and their uses, oil (%) present in medicinal plants Crop Alkaloid Oil (%) Uses Glory lily Colchicine, colchicoside (Seeds), gloriosine 0.5-0.7 Gout, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, snake bites and scorpion stings Senna Sennoside A, B, C, D (Leaves, pods) Indian senna: 1.5-3% Laxative, constipation Periwinkle Roots: Ajamalacine, serpentine Anticancer Leaves: Vincristine, vinblastine Pyrethrum Pyrethrin South India hills: 0.42-1.9% Synthetic insecticide Average: 1.19% Mint Menthol (80-90%) 0.1-0.2% Flavouring agent, coolant, carminative, pain killer Patchouli Patchouliol 2-6% Perfumes, flavoring agent Vetiver Vetiverol 1-1.5% Soap making, cosmetics, perfumery, agarbattis, soft drinks, pan masala Ashwagandha Withanine and somniferine (Leaves and roots) 0.13 -0.31 Restorative tonic, stress, nerve disorder Sarpagandha Rescinamine, deserpidine, reserpine, serpentine, ajmaline, ajmalicine and rauvolfinine 1.7 - 3% (Dried roots) Enhance lactation, general weakness, cough Tulsi Eugenol (about 71%), eugenol methyl. caryophyllene, selinene,pinene, Cough, cold, bronchitis (20%), Stevia Stevioside and rebaudioside A (Leaf) Diabetes Aloe vera Aloin 4.5 to 25% Wound healing, moisturizing, emollient properties,
- 3. dermatitis, cutaneous, leishmaniasis Tomato and potato Solasodine: A nitrogen analogue of diosgenin Anti- inflammatory, anabolic and antifertility properties Coleus Forskolin (Dried roots) Treating hypertension, glaucoma, asthma, congestive heart failures, cholesterol and cosmetics Phyllanthus Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin Treatment of liver, kidney and bladder, diabetes and intestinal parasites Cinchona Cinchonidine, quinidine and cinchonine Leaves contain 1% total alkaloids Anesthetic, skin against sunburn, bitter tonic, Belladonna Tropane alkaloids 0.13 - 0.70 % Manufacture of tinctures and plasters, gout, rheumatism, treatment of renal and biliary colic, stomach disorders Dioscorea Diosgenin Steroid hormones including sex hormones, cortisones, other corticosteroids and active ingredients in the oral contraceptive pills. Plantago ovata Isabgol: Colloidal mucilage mainly consisting of xylose, arabinose, galacturonic acid. Anti-diarrheal drug, chronic dysenteries of amoebic and bacillary origin, treating constipation Opium poppy Morphine, codeine, narcotine, papaverine and linoleic acid Lowers blood cholesterol, relieve pain and induce sleep, use against cough Rosemary 1, 8-cineole (26.54%) Culinary, medicine, perfumery, cosmetics, excellent fixative
- 4. material. Thyme Thymol, linalool, linalyl acetate, burneol Laxative, stomachic, tonic properties, insecticide