Nutrient management involves balancing soil nutrient inputs with crop requirements to maintain optimal crop growth while protecting water resources and enhancing farm profitability. Fertilizers and manure are two common sources of nutrients. While fertilizers are nutrient-specific, manure improves soil structure and holds nutrients and water as it decomposes. Humus refers to stable organic matter that remains in soil for centuries, providing balanced, long-lasting nutrition to plants through nutrient release and binding to soil.
2. Introduction
The key principle behind Nutrient Management planning
is to balance soil nutrient inputs with crop requirements.
Benefits:
Maintenance of optimum conditions for crop growth
Protection of local and regional water resources
Enhancement of farm profitability
Both farm profitability and water quality can be
improved through efficient nutrient use
3. Fertilizers
Fertilizer (or fertilizer) is any organic or
inorganic material of natural or synthetic
origin (other than liming materials) that is
added to a soil to supply one or more plant
nutrients essential to the growth of plants.
4. Manure
Manure is organic matter used as organic
fertilizer in agriculture. Manures contribute to the
fertility of the soil by adding organic matter
and nutrients, such as nitrogen, that are trapped
by bacteria in the soil. Higher organisms then feed on
the fungi and bacteria in a chain of life that
comprises the soil food web. It is also a product
obtained after decomposition of organic matter like
cow-dung which replenishes the soil with essential
elements and add humus to the soil.
5. Manure V/S. Fertilizers
Manure Fertilizer
Manure generates heat as it Chemical fertilizers are nutrient
decomposes, and it is possible for specific. Thus for supplying a
manure to ignite particular nutrient we can select
spontaneously should it be stored some specific chemical fertilizer.
in a massive pile. Once such a For example, super phosphate is
large pile of manure is burning, it used in case the soil is deficient in
will foul the air over a very large phosphorus.
area and require considerable The excessive use of nitrogenous
effort to extinguish. fertilizers concentrates nitrates in
Animal dung has been used for the soil and water. Nitrate rich
centuries as a fertilizer for farming, water is unfit for drinking, and is
as it improves the soil structure rather difficult to treat
(aggregation), so that it holds
more nutrients and water, and
becomes more fertile.
6. Humus
In soil science, humus (coined 17901800; < Latin: earth, ground)
refers to any organic matter that has reached a point of
stability, where it will break down no further and might, if
conditions do not change, remain as it is for centuries.In
agriculture, humus is sometimes also used to describe mature
compost, or natural compost extracted from a forest or other
spontaneous source for use to amend soil. It is also used to
describe a topsoil horizon that contains organic matter .The
process of ordganic getting decomposed into humus is knowns
HUMIFICATION.
7. Advantages of Humus
Humus fertilizers are excellent for the soil. The humus in
such fertilizers are essential for microorganisms, which build
up the soil rich in humus.
The humus release the nutrients in a slow and consistent rate
that the plants can utilize. Since the microbes break down
the materials, there is little risk of over concentration of
any element.
The plants are provided balanced nutrition because of the
presence of a broad range of trace elements.
Humus are safe for all types of plants and there is no
danger of burning due to salt concentration.
Humus binds to the soil where the roots can access it. So, it
is long lasting as the organic fertilizers do not leach out.