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What Is Nutrition
-Nutrient: A chemical
substance in food that
helps maintain the body.
-Nutrition: The study of
how your body uses the
food that you eat.
-Malnutrition: is the lack
of the right proportions
of nutrients over an
extended period

What is a
Nutrient(A nutrient is a chemical substance in food
that helps maintain the body.)
Some provide energy. All help build cells
and tissues, regulate bodily processes
such as breathing. No single food supplies
all the nutrients the body needs to
function.
Deficiency Disease: failure to meet your
nutrient needs.

 Vitamins
 Minerals
 Water
 Protein
 Carbohydrates
 Fats
Sugars
Cellulose

Carbohydrates
The body’s chief source of energy
Sugar
Simple Carbohydrates
Glucose: Blood
Fructose: Fruit
Galactose: Milk
Sucroce: Table sugar
Starches
Complex Carbohydrates
Fiber

Fats
Important energy source
Lipid family which includes fats and oils
Hydrogenation: adds hydrogen atoms to unsaturated fatty acids
(liquid) turning them into more saturated solid fats
Crisco and margarine sticks
Cholesterol: fatlike substance found in every cell in the body
Important… found in skin tissue, produces hormones
Two types: Dietary and Blood

Proteins
Provide energy, encourage growth and tissue repair
Made up of small units called amino acids
20 important to the human body: 9 your body can’t make and 11 it
can
Complete protein: animal foods and soy
Incomplete proteins: plant foods
Must pair 2 foods together: beans and rice

Vitamins
Are complex organic substances
Normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction
Your body cannot produce all vitamins you can get those by
eating a nutritious diet.
Fat-soluble vitamins: carried in fatty parts of foods and
dissolve in fats (body stores them in fat... build up can be
dangerous)
Water-soluble vitamins: dissolve in water (body does
not store them)

Fat-Soluble Vitamins
VitaminA
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K

Water-Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin B-Complex
Thiamin (vitamin B1)
Riboflavin (vitamin B2)
Niacin (nicotinamide,
nicotinic acid)
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine,
pyridoxal, pyridoxamine)
Folacin (folic acid)
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C

Minerals
In addition to vitamins your body also needs 15 minerals
that help regulate cell function and provide structure for
cells. Major minerals, in terms of amount present,
include calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. In
addition, your body needs smaller amounts of
chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, manganese,
molybdenum, selenium, zinc, chloride, potassium and
sodium.
Amounts needed for most of these minerals is quite
small and excessive amounts can be toxic to your body.

Water
Water is your body's most important nutrient, is involved in
every bodily function, and makes up 70- 75% of your total body
weight. Water helps you to maintain body temperature,
metabolize body fat, aids in digestion, lubricates and cushions
organs, transports nutrients, and flushes toxins from your body.
Everyone should drink at least 64 ounces per day, and if you
exercise or are overweight, even more. Your blood is
approximately 90% water and is responsible for transporting
nutrients and energy to muscles and for taking waste from tissues.

Nutrients that have
Calories:
 Proteins
 Carbohydrates
 Fats

Definition of a
Calorie:
o A unit of measure for energy
in food

Calories per gram:
Protein 1 Gram = 4 calories
Carbohydrates 1 Gram = 4 calories
Fat 1 Gram = 9 calories

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