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Observations v Inference

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This document discusses the differences between observations and inferences. It provides examples of statements that are either observations or inferences based on a picture of a coin. Observations are facts gathered through the senses, while inferences draw conclusions or make interpretations beyond what can be directly observed. The document seeks to demonstrate how the brain can infer things that are not actually present by showing images that trick the perception through optical illusions or ambiguous designs. The purpose is to show that the eyes provide observations but the brain can infer additional information that may not actually be real.

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Observations v Inference
Black Like Me (1961)
Observations v Inference
Observations v Inference
Note the Differences In laboratory exercises, record observations NOT inferences Inferences may be used when writing the conclusion in your lab report. Lets test your observation skills
Take a good look at this picture
Observations v Inference
Question 1 Are there cars parked on the sides of the road?
Question 2 What color is the pickup truck driving in the road?
Question 3 Any minivans around?
Question 4 What does the blue sign say?
Question 5 What's the speed limit?
Question 6 Are there any pedestrians on the road?
Answers 1. Yes 2. Blue 3. Yes 4. Yard Sale 5. 35 mph 6. No
Observations v Inference
What would some inferences be for this street?
Observation vs Inference On the next slide, state whether the statement is an observation or an inference
1. There is a representation of a face on one side of the coin. 2. The Latin word "Dei" means "God." 3. The coin was made by deeply religious people. 4. The date 1722 is printed on one side of the coin. 5. The coin was made in 1722. 6. The face on the coin is a representation of the nation's president. 1. There is a representation of a face on one side of the coin 2. The coin was made by deeply religious people 3. The date 1722 is printed on one side of the coin 4. The coin was made in 1722 5. The culture that made this coin respected the man whose face is on it
How many legs does the elephant have?
What do you see?
Who is in this picture? Do you see former President Bill Clinton and Al Gore? Actually, its Clintons face twice with 2 different hair cuts!
What do you see? Hint: There are 3 images. 1. An old lady 2. A young woman 3. A man with a big brown mustache
Take a very close look at the 2 vertical lines. Is one line is longer than the other?
Compare this picture to the next one
Whats the difference?
Observations v Inference
Can you build these shelves?
Does the square have curved sides?
Observations v Inference
Read this sign
What do you see?
Can you stack these blocks?
What animal do you perceive? A Duck, Bunny, or BOTH?
This image contains a picture and a word. Do you see both of them?
Observations v Inference
What images do you see?
Can you pick the tallest soldier? They are all the same height!
What do you see? The Landscape of Faces
Do you see the face on Earth? How about now?
These circles are not moving, your brain is making them appear to move. Try focusing on one circle. It will stop moving.
Are these dots moving?
Why Did I Show You These Pictures? 1) Theyre awesome 2) To show you that your eyes OBSERVE one thing, but your BRAIN infers another
Observations Observations must be taken in with one of the five senses Touch Sight Taste Sense Smell
Inferences Inferences take observations and then draw conclusions about them
Black Like Me (1961)

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Observations v Inference